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    Notebook 2

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    South Sudan has faced immense challenges since declaring independence in 2011. Over 400,000 people have died due to violence between ethnic groups and with opposition forces, and millions more have fled as refugees. Infrastructure has been damaged by floods, droughts, and conflict, disrupting transportation of goods and food. Literacy issues also plague the nation, leaving many vulnerable. The ongoing conflicts have been rooted in mismanagement, corruption, violence, and disputes between President Kiir and former Vice President Machar along ethnic lines. Unless these drivers of instability are addressed, South Sudan will continue to experience crises of refugees, poverty, and humanitarian need.

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    Notebook 2

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    South Sudan has faced immense challenges since declaring independence in 2011. Over 400,000 people have died due to violence between ethnic groups and with opposition forces, and millions more have fled as refugees. Infrastructure has been damaged by floods, droughts, and conflict, disrupting transportation of goods and food. Literacy issues also plague the nation, leaving many vulnerable. The ongoing conflicts have been rooted in mismanagement, corruption, violence, and disputes between President Kiir and former Vice President Machar along ethnic lines. Unless these drivers of instability are addressed, South Sudan will continue to experience crises of refugees, poverty, and humanitarian need.

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    South Sudan has faced immense challenges since declaring independence in 2011. Over 400,000 people have died due to violence between ethnic groups and with opposition forces, and millions more have fled as refugees. Infrastructure has been damaged by floods, droughts, and conflict, disrupting transportation of goods and food. Literacy issues also plague the nation, leaving many vulnerable. The ongoing conflicts have been rooted in mismanagement, corruption, violence, and disputes between President Kiir and former Vice President Machar along ethnic lines. Unless these drivers of instability are addressed, South Sudan will continue to experience crises of refugees, poverty, and humanitarian need.

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    24 views2 pages

    Notebook 2

    Uploaded by

    api-665615676
    South Sudan has faced immense challenges since declaring independence in 2011. Over 400,000 people have died due to violence between ethnic groups and with opposition forces, and millions more have fled as refugees. Infrastructure has been damaged by floods, droughts, and conflict, disrupting transportation of goods and food. Literacy issues also plague the nation, leaving many vulnerable. The ongoing conflicts have been rooted in mismanagement, corruption, violence, and disputes between President Kiir and former Vice President Machar along ethnic lines. Unless these drivers of instability are addressed, South Sudan will continue to experience crises of refugees, poverty, and humanitarian need.

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    of 2

    Henry Gusick

    Professor Anyango
    Seminar in Composition
    January 28, 2023

    Facts: Analysis:

    ● South Sudan, also known as the Since South Sudan declared its
    Republic of South Sudan. Here are independence, a third of the population
    South Sudan’s geographical facts has fled and numerous violent events
    ○ A landlocked nation in have occurred. 400,000 fatalities and 2
    Eastern Africa million refugees. Despite efforts of a
    ○ Surrounded by the following revitalized peace agreement disputes
    countries within the country have all but increased.
    ■ Ethiopia, Sudan, the
    Central African
    Republic, the Armed violence is the source of these
    Democratic Republic fatalities. On average 733 violent
    of Congo, Uganda, incidents are reported every year. Most of
    and Kenya these conflicts occur along South Sudan’s
    ○ Oil, gas, and mineral major road networks. South Sudan’s
    resources are of great infrastructure is highly vulnerable
    abundance in South Sudan. because these roadways are what
    ○ Elephants, lions, giraffes, transport goods, including resources such
    and chimpanzees are some as food and water. Floods and droughts
    of the wildlife species found have simultaneously damaged South
    in South Sudan. Sudan’s structure, as well as, political
    ○ South Sudan suffered from violence. Planting, harvesting,
    severe droughts (2011, transportation of food, and functioning
    2015) and floods (2014, markets are all disrupted. More than
    2017, 2019, 2020, 2021, 100,000 are facing famine currently in
    2022) South Sudan.
    ● On July 9th, 2011, South Sudan
    declared its independence from
    Sudan and became the newest These are the contributing factors that are
    nation-state in the world forcing citizens to flee their country.
    ○ 60 different ethnic groups 792,663 fled to Sudan, 923,565 to
    make up South Sudan Uganda, 372,912 to Ethiopia, and more.
    ○ There are also over 60 South Sudan has simultaneously received
    indigenous languages that over 300,000 refugees from their
    are spoken in South Sudan neighboring countries.
    ■ Violence is
    committed between
    various ethnic In 2013, a conflict between Kiir, the
    groups. president, and Machar, the vice president,
    ○ Since South Sudan has caused disputes among ethnic groups.
    declared its independence This chaos contributed to the targeting of
    the nation has faced civilians along ethnic lines, committing
    multiple conflicts. acts of rap, assault, looting, and recruiting
    ■ Mismanagement, children to fight.
    corruption, and
    Violence all afflict
    South Sudan’s Literacy issues are another factor
    economy. disrupting South Sudan. The inability to
    ■ Clashes between the read and write causes people to become
    government and any destitute. They cannot finish their
    oppositionist education or find many opportunities for
    ■ Human right abuses jobs. They are also more likely to be
    ● Executions taken advantage of or even coerced into
    ● Sexual assault fighting and arming themselves with
    ● Illegal arrests deadly weapons. This was especially the
    ■ Political instability case with Machar’s coup back in 2013.
    ● Refugee Crisis caused by
    instability
    ○ Millions of people have Using children as soldiers causes multiple
    been displaced by the mental health issues. These children are
    conflict many of who have at high susceptibility to illnesses such as
    fled seeking refuge in PTSD. Since these children are not
    neighboring countries. educated either they have no idea how to
    ■ 2 million refugees cope with these issues so they are
    ○ Children and women make tormented by their actions and memories.
    up 63 percent of the South This illness makes it nearly impossible for
    Sudan refugees. these child soldiers to ever assimilate
    ■ These refugees have back into normal society. Social situations
    endured sexual and other instances are completely
    assault and unaligned and their indifferences can
    separation from their cause more violence or just
    families and parents abandonment.
    ● South Sudan is one of the poorest
    countries, having high rates of
    poverty, unemployment, and
    hunger.
    ○ Economic hardship has
    caused citizens to become
    destitute, lose their jobs,
    and suffer from poor health
    ○ Normal citizens have trouble
    accessing food, housing,
    and healthcare.

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