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Welcome to Iloilo City
The Heart Capital of the Philippines
 The Rise and Decline of

ILOILO CITY
Presented by: Group 1
 AGENDA

The History of The

Setting Iloilo City Textile Era
 AGENDA

Sugar Negros Plantation Centrifugal Sugar

Entrepot Frontier Factory
 SETTING
Western Visayas
Provinces: Aklan, Antique, Iloilo, Capiz
(found in Panay Island), Guimaras, and
Negros Occidental
Language: Hiligaynon or Ilonggo
In 1939, Iloilo had 92,235 hectares of rice
under cultivation
 HISTORY
Iloilo City
the "Queen City of the South"
second city of the Philippine archipelago
part of the Western Visayas region, specifically
in Panay Island
served as the region’s paramount
administrative & commercial center
located 30 km away across the Guimaras
Straight is Negros Island
 Western Visayas transitioned from a

1 largely subsistence economy to

commercial textile production (mid-
18th century)
Major Failure of handicraft weaving industry
Economic
Transformations
2 to compete with English
manufactures, leading to sugar being
the region’s major export (after 1855)

Foreign capital investments allowed

for construction of large centrifugal

3 sugar factories. This effectively

industrialized the milling sector of the
region’s sugar industry (during World
War I)
 HISTORY
Creative Narrative
built in the mid-19th century by British
viceconsul Nicholas Loney, who was described
as the "Paladin of Philippine Economic
Progress" and credited with linking the city to
international markets (through raising the city
from a swamp and establishing the sugar
industry)
destroyed in the mid-20th century by Jose Nava
 HISTORY
Archival Records
Iloilo's rise began in the mid-18th century
through handwoven textiles, not because of
Loney
Loney's aim was to destroy Iloilo's textiles
manufactures to substitute them with British
machine-woven codons
 TEXTILE
ERA
The 18th century textile
industry evolved from a highly
developed rural economy with
a centuries-long tradition of
frame loom weaving as an
integral part of woman’s
household work.
 SU G AR
EN TR EP OT
The shift from textile to sugar
exports had a profound impact on
almost every aspect of Iloilo City’s
economic and social organization.
 NE GR O S
PLA NT ATIO N
FRONTIER
The opening of the Negros Plantation frontier is one of
the major events in the modern social history of the
Philippines.
 ENT RIFU GAL
C
SU G AR
FACTORY
The construction of the modern centrifugal mill
ultimately transformed the radiant Queen into a
decaying dowager
 VISTRANCO
VISAYAN STEVEDORE
TRANSPORTATION COMPANY

Employed the tug and lighter system. The shipper saved

the entire expense involved in moving the sugar across
Guimaras strait into Iloilo's warehouse
 U NIO N
OB R ER A
Organized in 1903 by Julio P. Hernandez
Iloilo's first labor union
Collapsed as a result of political factionalism
 DEAT H O F A
Q UE EN
The end of Negros sugar shipments caused a sharp
contraction in the demand for waterfront labour
The surviving elite were uninterested in alternatives to the
sugar industry and lacked the capital and managerial skills
to implement any plans they might devise