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 Contents of Free Sample Book
CLASS XII B1-230
1. Electric Charges and Fields B1-17
This sample book is prepared from the book “Objective Physics
Chapter-wise Practice Question Bank for NTA NEET (UG) / JEE
Main/ BITSAT 4th Edition | MCQs & NVQs based on Main
Previous Year Questions PYQs | Useful for CBSE 11/ 12 & CUET”

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 Contents of Complete Book

CLASS XI A1-226

1. Physical World, Units and Measurements A1-14

2. Motion in a Straight Line A15-30

3. Motion in a Plane A31-48

4. Laws of Motion A49-66

5. Work, Energy and Power A67-85

6. System of Particles and Rotational Motion A86-103

7. Gravitation A104-120

8. Mechanical Properties of Solids A121-133

9. Mechanical Properties of Fluids A134-150

10. Thermal Properties of Matter A151-166

11. Thermodynamics A167-180

12. Kinetic Theory A181-194

13. Oscillations A195-210

14. Waves A211-226

CLASS XII B1-230

1. Electric Charges and Fields B1-17

2. Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance B18-34

3. Current Electricity B35-48

4. Moving Charges and Magnetism B49-65

5. Magnetism and Matter B66-77

6. Electromagnetic Induction B78-96

7. Alternating Current B97-110

8. Electromagnetic Waves B111-121

9. Ray Optics and Optical Instruments B122-140

10. Wave Optics B141-156

11. Dual nature of Radiation and Matter B157-174

12. Atoms B175-189

13. Nuclei B190-204

14. Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits B205-217

15. Communication Systems B218-230

 CHAPTER

Electric Charges
1 and Fields

1. Two point charges Q each are placed at a distance 6. If a charge q is placed at the centre of the line
d apart. A third point charge q is placed at a joining two equal charges Q such that the system
distance x from mid-point on the perpendicular is in equilibrium then the value of q is
bisector. The value of x at which charge q will (a) Q/2 (b) –Q/2 (c) Q/4 (d) –Q/4
experience the maximum Coulomb's force is : 7. Two positive ions, each carrying a charge q, are
d separated by a distance d. If F is the force of
(a) x = d (b) x = repulsion between the ions, the number of
2
d d electrons missing from each ion will be (e being
(c) x = (d) x = the charge of an electron)
2 2 2
2. The force of repulsion between two electrons at 4pe0 Fd 2 4pe0 Fe 2
(a) (b)
a certain distance is F. The force between two e2 d2
protons separated by the same distance is
(mp = 1836 me) 4pe0 Fd 2 4 pe0 Fd 2
(a) 2 F (b) F (c) (d)
e2 q2
F 8. Two identical charged particles each having a
(c) 1836 F (d) mass 10 g and charge 2.0 × 10–7 C placed on a
1836
3. The force between two small charged spheres horizontal table with a separation of L between
having charges of 1 × 10–7 C and 2 × 10–7 C then such that they stay in limited equilibrium. If
placed 20 cm apart in air is the coefficient of friction between each particle
and the table is 0.25, find the value of L.
(a) 4.5 × 10–2 N (b) 4.5 × 10–3 N
–2 [Use g = 10 ms–2]
(c) 5.4 × 10 N (d) 5.4 × 10–3 N (a) 12 cm (b) 10 cm (c) 8 cm (d) 5 cm
4. Two particles A and B having charges 20 mC 9. Three charges +q, +2q and +4q are connected
and –5 mC respectively are held fixed with a by strings as shown in the figure. What is ratio
separation of 5 cm. At what position a third of tensions in the strings AB and BC ?
charged particle should be placed so that it A B C
does not experience a net electric force? d d
20mC –5mC
+q +2q +4q
A 5cm B (a) 1 : 2 (b) 1 : 3 (c) 2 : 1 (d) 3 : 1
(a) At 5 cm from 20 mC on the left side of system 10. 1 C charge is equivalent to charge on how much
(b) At 5 cm from – 5 mC on the right side number of protons?
(c) At 1.25 cm from – 5 mC between two charges (a) 6 × 1018 (b) 7 × 1019
(d) At midpoint between two charges (c) 8 × 1020 (d) 9 × 1021
5. Two insulated charged metalic sphere P and Q 11. The figure shows a +q
have their centres separated by a distance of charge + q at point P
60 cm. The radii of P and Q are negligible held in equilibrium in air
compared to the distance of separation. The with the help of four + q +q +q

mutual force of electrostatic repulsion if the charges situated at the P

+q
charge on each is 3.2 × 10–7 C is vertices of a square. The +q
(a) 5.2 × 10–4 N (b) 2.5 × 10–3 N net electrostatic force on
(c) 1.5 × 10–3N (d) 3.5 × 10–4 N q is given by
 B2

(a) Newton’s 18. Two particles A and B having equal charges are
(b) Coulomb’s law placed at a distance d apart. A third charged
(c) Principle of superposition particle placed on the perpendicular bisection
(d) Net electric flux out the position of +q. of AB at distance x. The third particle experiences
12. The metal knob of a gold leaf electroscope is maximum force when
touched with a positively charged rod. When it d d
is taken away the leaves stay separated. Now (a) x= (b) x=
2 2
the metal knob is touched by negatively charged d d
rod. The separation between the leaves (c) x= (d) x=
2 2 3 2
(a) increases
(b) decreases 19. Among two discs A and B, first have radius 10
(c) remains same cm and charge 10–6 µC and second have radius
(d) first increases then decreases. 30 cm and charge 10–5C. When they are touched,
13. Three charges + Q, q, + Q are placed respectively, charge on both qA and qB respectively will, be
at origin, d/2 and d from the origin, on the (a) q A = 2.75μC, q B =3.15μC
x-axis. If the net force experienced by + Q, placed (b) q A = 1.09μC, q B = 1.53μC
at x = 0, is zero, then value of q is:
(a) – Q/4 (b) + Q/2 (c) q A = q B = 5.5 μC
(c) + Q/4 (d) – Q/2 (d) None of these
14. The electric charge required to expand a soap 20. Statement I : On going away from a point
bubble to twice its dimension is charge or a small electric dipole, electric field
decreases at the same rate in both the cases.
(a) 8p Î0 r3 (7 Pr + 12 T) Statement II : Electric field is inversely
proportional to square of distance from the
(b) 8p Î0 r 2 (7 Pr + 12 T) charge or an electric dipole.
(a) Both statement I and II are correct.
(c) 8p Î0 r 3 (6 Pr + 12 T) (b) Both statement I and II are incorrect.
(c) Statement I is correct but statement II is
(d) 8p Î0 r 3 (Pr + T) incorrect.
15. A large nonconducting sheet M is given a (d) Statement II is correct but statement I is
uniform charge density. Two uncharged small incorrect.
metal rods A and B are placed near the sheet as 21. Two equal point charges each of 3mC are
shown in figure. Then M separated by a certain distance in metres. If they
(a) M attracts A are located at (iˆ + ˆj + kˆ) and (2iˆ + 3 ˆj + kˆ) ,
A B
(b) M attracts B then the electrostatic force between them is
(c) A attracts B (a) 9 × 103 N (b) 16 × 10–3 N
(d) All of these (c) 10–3 N (d) 9 × 10–2 N
16. A certain charge Q is divided into two parts q 22. A spherically symmetric charge distribution is
and (Q–q). How should the charges Q and q be considered with charge density varying as
divided so that q and (Q–q) placed at a certain
r(r)
distance apart experience maximum electrostatic ì æ3 rö
repulsion ? ïr ç - ÷ for r £ R O
r(r) = í 0 è 4 R ø r
q ï Zero R
(a) Q = (b) Q = 2q î for r > R P
2
(c) Q = 4q (d) Q = 3q Where, r(r < R) is the distance from the centre O
17. A charged ball B hangs from a silk (as shown in figure). The electric field at point P
thread S, which makes an angle q will be :
with a large charged conducting P q r0 r æ 3 r ö r0 r æ 3 r ö
(a) 4e çè 4 - R ÷ø (b) 3e çè 4 - R ÷ø
sheet P, as shown in the figure. S 0 0
The surface charge density s of r0 r æ rö r0 r æ rö
the sheet is proportional to (c) 4e çè1 - R ÷ø (d) 5e çè1 - R ÷ø
B 0 0
(a) cot q (b) cos q(c) tan q (d) sin q
 B3

23. Force between two identical charges placed at a q æ 1 1ö

distance of r in vacuum is F. Now a slab of (a) ç + ÷
4p Î0 a è 2 2 ø
2
dielectric of dielectric contrant 4 is inserted
between these two charges. If the thickness of q æ 1 ö
(b)
2 ç
1+ ÷
the slab is r/2, then the force between the charges 4p Î0 a è 2ø
will become q æ 1 ö
3 4 F (c) 2 ç
1- ÷
(a) F (b) F (c) F (d) 4p Î0 a è 2ø
5 9 2 q æ 1 1ö
24. A total charge Q is broken in two parts Q1 and (d) ç - ÷
Q2 and they are placed at a distance R from each 4p Î0 a è 2 2 ø
2

other. The maximum force of repulsion between 29. Two small balls having the same mass and
them will occur. when charge and located on the same vertical at heights
Q Q h1 and h2 are thrown in the same direction along
(a) Q2 = , Q1 = Q - the horizontal at the same velocity v. The first
R R
Q 2Q ball touches the ground at a distance l from the
(b) Q2 = , Q1 = Q - initial vertical. At what height H2 will the second
4 3
Q 3Q ball be at this instant ? The air drag and the
(c) Q2 = , Q1 = effect of the charges induced on the ground
4 4
Q Q should be neglected. 2 2
(d) Q1 = , Q2 = æ lö æ lö
2 2 (a) h1 + h2 - g ç ÷ (b) h1 - h2 - g ç ÷
25. Two particle of equal mass m and charge q are è vø è vø
1/ 2 2
placed at a distance of 16 cm. They do not æ lö h1 + h2 æ lö
q (c) 1 2h + h - g çè ÷ø (d) - g çè ÷ø
experience any force. The value of is v 2 v
m 30. An oil drop of radius 2 mm with a density 3 g
pe 0 cm–3 is held stationary under a constant electric
(a) l (b)
G field 3.55 × 105 V m–1 in the Millikan’s oil drop
G experiment. What is the number of excess
(c) 4pe 0 (d) 4pe0 G electrons that the oil drop will process?
26. A uniformly charged conducting sphere of 4.4 Consider g = 9.81 m/s2
m diameter has a surface charge density of 60 (a) 1.73 × 1012 (b) 1.73 × 1010
mC m–2. The charge on the sphere is
(a) 7.3 × 10–3C (b) 3.7 × 10–6 C (c) 48.8 × 1011 (d) 17.3 × 1010
(c) 7.3 × 10–6 C (d) 3.7 × 10–3 C 31. If Ea be the electric field strength of a short
27. Three identical spheres, each having a charge q dipole at a point on its axial line and Ee that
and radius R, are kept in such a way that each on the equatorial line at the same distance,
touches the other two. The magnitude of the then
electric force on any sphere due to the other (a) Ee= 2Ea (b) Ea = 2Ee
two is (c) Ea = Ee (d) urNone of these
32. When an electric dipole ur P is placed in a
1 æ qö
2
3 æ qö
2
ur
uniform electric ur
field E then at what angle
(a) çè ÷ø (b) çè ÷ø between P and E the value of torque will be
4pe 0 R 4pe 0 R
2 2
maximum?
3 æ qö 5 æ qö (a) 90° (b) 0° (c) 180° (d) 45°
(c) ç ÷ (d) ç ÷
16pe0 è R ø 16pe0 è R ø 33. Find the electric field at point P (as shown in
figure) on the perpendicular bisector of a
28. The three charges q/2, q and q/2 are placed at uniformly charged thin wire of length L carrying
the corners A, B and C of a square of side 'a' as a charge Q. The distance of the point P from the
shown in figure. The magnitude of electric field
3
(E) at the corner D of the square, is : centre of the rod is a = L.
2
 B4

Q Q the particle was at rest at x = 0. Other than the

(a) 2 (b) E initial position the kinetic energy of the particle
3pe 0 L 4pe 0 L2 a
becomes zero when the distance of the particle
L
3Q Q O P from the origin is :
(c) (d)
4pe 0 L2 2 3pe 0 L2 Q 2 3 1
(a) a (b) (c) (d)
34. A rod of length 2.4 m and radius 4.6 mm carries a a a
a negative charge of 4.2 × 10–7 C spread 42. Intensity of an electric field (E) depends on
uniformly over it surface. The electric field distance r, due to a dipole, is related as
near the mid–point of the rod, at a point on its 1 1 1 1
surface is (a) E µ (b) E µ 2 (c) E µ 3 (d) E µ
r r r r4
(a) –8.6 × 105 N C–1 (b) 8.6 × 104 N C–1
(c) –6.7 × 105 N C–1 (d) 6.7 × 104 N C–1 43. If the dipole of moment 2.57 × 10–17 cm is placed
35. If electric field in a region is radially outward into an electric field of magnitude 3.0 × 104 N/C
with magnitude E = Ar, the charge contained in a such that the fields lines are aligned at 30° with
the line joining P to the dipole, what torque acts
sphere of radius r centred at the origin is
1 on the dipole?
(a) A r3 (b) 4peoAr3 (a) 7.7 × 10–13 Nm (b) 3.855 × 10–13 Nm
4 p eo
4 p eo A (c) 3.855 × 10 Nm (d) 7.7 × 10–15 Nm
–15
1 A
(c) (d) 44. An electric dipole is placed at an angle of 30°
4 p eo r 3
r3 with an electric field of intensity 2 × 105 NC–1, It
36. The electric field intensity just sufficient to experiences a torque of 4 Nm. Calculate the charge
balance the earth’s gravitational attraction on on the dipole if the dipole length is 2 cm.
an electron will be: (given mass and charge of an (a) 8 mC (b) 4 mC (c) 8 mC (d) 2 mC
electron respectively are 9.1 × 10–31 kg and 45. On decreasing the distance between the two
1.6 × 10–19 C.) charges of a dipole which is perpendicular to electric
(a) –5.6 × 10–11 N/C (b) –4.8 × 10–15 N / C field and decreasing the angle between the dipole
(c) –1.6 × 10–19 N/C (d) –3.2 × 10–19 N / C and electric field, the torque on the dipole
37. The insulation property of air breaks down when (a) increases (b) decreases
the electric field is 3 × 106 Vm–1. The maximum (c) remains same (d) cannot be predicted
charge that can be given to a sphere of diameter Q
5 m is approximately 46. Let r (r ) = r be the charge density distri-
(a) 2 × 10–2 C (b) 2 × 10–3 C p R4
(c) 2 × 10–4 C (d) 2 × 10–5 C bution for a solid sphere of radius R and total
38. A hollow insulated conduction sphere is given charge Q. For a point ‘P’ inside the sphere at
a positive charge of 10 mC. What will be the distance r1 from the centre of the sphere, the
electric field at the centre of the sphere if its magnitude of electric field is :
radius is 2 m? Q Qr12 Qr12
(a) (b) (c) (d) 0
(a) Zero (b) 5 mCm–2 4p Î0 r12 4p Î0 R4
–2 3p Î0 R4
(c) 20 mCm (d) 8mCm–2
39. The number of electric lines of force that 47. n identical point charges are kept symmetrically
radiate outwards from one coulomb of charge on the periphery of the circle x2 + y2 = R2 in xy
in vacuum is plane. The resultant electric field at (0, 0, R) is E1
(a) 1.13 × 1011 (b) 1.13 × 1010 E
and at (0, 0, 2R) is E2. The ratio of 1 is
(c) 0.61 × 1011 (d) 0.61 × 109 E2
40. The electric intensity due to a dipole of length 5 5 5
10 cm and having a charge of 500 mC, at a point (a) (b)
on the axis at a distance 20 cm from one of the 4 2 2
5 5 5
charges in air, is (c) (d)
(a) 6.25 × 107 N/C (b) 9.28 × 107 N/C 4 2 2 ur ur
(c) 13.1 × 1011 N/C (d) 20.5 × 107 N/C 48. Two point dipoles of dipole moment p1 and p 2
41. A particle of charge q and mass m is subjected ur ur
are at a distance x from each other and p1 || p 2 .
to an electric field E = E0 (1 – ax2) in the x-
direction, where a and E0 are constants. Initially The force between the dipoles is:
 B5

1 4 p1 p2 1 3 p1 p2 54. Two very long line charges of uniform charge

(a) (b) density +l and –l are placed along same line
4pe0 x 4 4pe 0 x 4 with the separation between the nearest ends
1 6 p1 p2 1 8 p1 p2 being 2a, as shown in figure. The electric field
(c) (d)
4pe0 x 4 4 pe 0 x
4 intensity at point O is
49. Two identical electric dipoles are arranged on x- a a
– +
axis as shown in figure. Electric field at the origin ++++++
O
will be y
kp 2 ˆ l
(a) Zero (b) j (a) (b) 0
r3 2pe 0 a
- kp 2 ˆ l l
(c) j x (c) (d)
r3 45° 45° pe 0 a 4pe 0 a
- kp ˆ kp ˆ 55. An electric dipole of moment
(d) i- 3 j ur
r3 r r r ˆ ˆ ˆ
p= (i - 3 j + 2k ) ´ 10 -29
C.m is at the origin
50. A liquied drop having 6 excess electrons is kept (0, 0, 0). The electric field due to this dipole at
stationary under a uniform electric field of 25.5 r r ur
r = +iˆ + 3 ˆj + 5kˆ (note that r . p = 0) is parallel
KVm–1. The density of liquid is 1.26 × 103 kg
m –3. The radius of the drop is (neglect buoyany) to:
(a) 4.3 × 10–7 m (b) 7.3 × 10–7 m (a) (+iˆ - 3 ˆj - 2kˆ) (b) (-iˆ + 3 ˆj - 2kˆ)
(c) 0.078 × 10 m –7 (d) 3.4 × 10–7 m (c) ( + iˆ + 3 ˆj - 2kˆ) (d) ( -iˆ - 3 ˆj + 2kˆ )
51. An electric dipole, consisting of two opposite 56. A spherical portion has been removed from a
charges of 2 × 10–6 C each separated by a distance solid sphere having a charge distributed
3 cm is placed in an electric field of 2 × 10 5 N/C. uniformly in its volume as shown in the figure.
Torque acting on the dipole is The electric field inside
(a) 12 ´ 10 -1 N - m (b) 12 ´ 10 -2 N - m the emptied space is
(c) 12 ´ 10 -3 N - m (d) 12 ´ 10 -4 N - m (a) zero everywhere
52. Match the physical quantities in column I and (b) non-zero and uniform
the information related to them in Column II. (c) non-uniform
Column I Column II (d) zero only at its centre
(A) Electric dipole (1) Vector product 57. A particle of charge q and mass m moves
moment rectilinearly under the action of electric field E = A
(B) Electric field (2) Scalar product – Bx, where A and B are positive constants and x is
(C) Electric flux (3) Points towards distance from the point where particle was initially
positive charge
at rest then the distance traveled by the particle
before coming to rest and acceleration of particle
(D) Torque (4) Points away from
at that moment are respectively :
positive charge
(a) (A) ® (3), (B) ® (2), (C) ® (4), (D) ® (1)
2A qA
(b) (A) ® (1), (B) ® (3), (C) ® (4), (D) ® (2) (a) ,0 (b) 0, -
B m
(c) (A) ® (3), (B) ® (4), (C) ® (2), (D) ® (1) 2 A qA -2 A qA
(d) (A) ® (1), (B) ® (2), (C) ® (3), (D) ® (4) (c) ,- (d) ,-
B m B m
53. A pendulum bob of mass m carrying a charge q 58. A ring of charge with radius 0.5 m has 0.002 p m
is at rest with its string making an angle q with gap. If the ring carries a charge of +1 C, the
the vertical in a uniform horizontal electric field electric field at the centre is
E. The tension in the string is (a) 7.5 × 107 NC–1 + +
+ +
mg qE mg qE + +
(a) and (b) and (b) 7.2 × 107 NC–1 + +
sin q cos q cos q sin q
+ +
qE mg (c) 6.2 × 107 NC–1
+ +
(c) (d) + + +
mg qE (d) 6.5 × 107 NC–1
 B6

59. A point charge 50 µC is located in the x-y plane describe the trajectory of the mass ? (Curves are
at a point whose position vector is drawn schematically and are not to scale).
r
r = (2iˆ + 3 ˆj ) m . Then electric field at the point E
r x
whose position vector is r = (8iˆ - 5 ˆj ) m
(in vector form) will be
(a) 90 (-3iˆ + 4 ˆj ) V/m
(b) 900 (3iˆ - 4 ˆj ) V/m y
y y
(c) 90 (3iˆ - 4 ˆj ) V/m
(d) 900 (-3iˆ + 4 ˆj ) V/m (a) (b)
60. A thin glassrod is bent into a ++ A
+
x x
++
semicircle of radius r. A charge + y y
+
+Q is uniformly distributed + P
+– O
along the upper half, and a ––
charge –Q is uniformly –– (c) (d)
––
– – B x x
distributed along the lower
half, as shown in fig. The
electric field E at P, the centre 64. A circular wire loop of radius x carries a total
of the semicircle, is charge q distributed uniformly over its length.
A small length dl of the wire is cut off. Find the
Q 2Q
(a) 2 2 (b) qdl
p e0 r p e0 r 2
2
value of m if be the electric field at
mp2e 0 a3
4Q Q the centre due to remaining wire.
(c) (d)
2
p e0 r 2 4p e 0 r 2
2 (a) 5 (b) 6 (c) 3 (d) 8
65. A cube is placed inside an electric field,
61. A charge is situated at a certain distance from an ur
electric dipole in the end-on position experiences E = 150y 2 ˆj. The side of the cube is 0.5 m and is
a force F. If the distance of the charge is doubled, placed in the field as shown in the given figure.
the force acting on the charge will be The charge inside the cube is :
(a) F/4 (b) F/8 (c) 2F (d) F/2 y
62. The thickness of a flat sheet of metal foil is d,
and its area is S. A charge q is located at a
distance l from the centre of the sheet such that
d << S << l . Determine the force F with which x
the sheet is attracted to the charge q, assuming
that the straight line connecting the charge to
the centre of the sheet is perpendicular to the z
surface of the sheet. (a) 3.8 × 10–11 C (b) 8.3 × 10–11 C
(approximately) (c) 3.8 × 10 C–12
(d) 8.3 × 10–12 C
66. A thin spherical shell of radius R has charge Q
q 2 Sd q 2 Sd
(a) (b) spread uniformly over its surface. Which of the
8p 2 e 0 l 5 4p 2 e 0 l5 following graphs most closely represents the
electric field E(r) produced by the shell in the
q2 Sd 2q 2 Sd range 0 £ r < ¥, where r is the distance from the
(c) (d) centre of the shell?
6p 2 e0 l5 3p 2 e0 l5
63. A small point mass carrying some positive E(r) E(r)

charge on it, is released from the edge of a table.

There is a uniform electric field in this region in
the horizontal direction. (a) (b) r
r O R
O R
Which of the following options then correctly
 B7

E(r) E(r) 72. A point charge +Q is positioned at the center of

the base of a square pyramid as shown. The flux
(c) (d) through one of the four identical upper faces of
O R
r
O R
r the pyramid is
Q
67. Find the force experienced by a (a)
to ¥ 16e 0
semicircular rod having a charge q as Q
shown in Fig. Radius of the wire is R, (b)
and the line of charge with linear 4e 0
R Q
charge density l passes through its (c) +Q
centre and is perpendicular to the 8e 0
plane of wire. (d) 0
lq lq to ¥ 73. Electric flux over a surface in an electric field
(a) (b) 2
may be
2
2p e 0 R p e0 R (a) positive (b) negative
lq lq (c) zero (d) All of these
(c) (d) 4pe R 74. If the electric flux entering and leaving an
4p 2 e 0 R 0
68. A particle of charge – q and enclosed surface respectively is f1 and f2, the
mass m moves in a circle +l electric charge inside the surface will be
of radius r around an (a) (f2 + f2) × eo (b) (f2 – f2) × eo
infinitely long line charge (c) (f1 + f2) × eo (d) (f2 – f1) × eo
–q
of linear charge density 75. Electric charges are distributed in a small volume.
+l. Then time period will The flux of the electric field through a spherical
be surface of radius 1 m surrounding the total charge
is 100 V-m. The flux over the concentric sphere
m 4p2 m 3 of radius 2 m will be
(a) T =p
2 r (b) T2 = r
2k lq 2klq (a) 25 V-m (b) 50 V-m
(c) 100 V-m (d) 200 V-m
1 2klq 1 m
(c) T= (d) T= 76. A loop of diameter d is rotated in a uniform
2pr m 2pr 2klq electric field until the position of maximum electric
p flux is found. The flux in this position is measured
69. Two point dipoles pkˆ and kˆ are located at (0,
2 to be f. What is the electric field strength ?
0, 0) and (1m, 0, 2m) respectively. The resultant
electric field due to the two dipoles at the point 4f 2f f pfd 2
(a) 2 (b) 2 (c) 2 (d)
(1m, 0, 0) is pd pd pd 4
9p ˆ -7 p ˆ 77. In finding the electric field using Gauss law the
(a) k (b) k
32 p Î0 32 p Î0 r q
7p ˆ 6p ˆ formula | E | = enc is applicable. In the
(c) k (d) k Î 0| A |
32 p Î0 Î0 formula Î0 is permittivity of free space, A is the
70. The dipole moment of the given charge area of Gaussian surface and qenc is charge
distribution is enclosed by the Gaussian surface. This equation
Y
4Rq 4Rq can be used in which of the following situation?
(a) - î (b) î
–q – – + + + q
p p – (a) Only when the Gaussian surface is an
– +
2Rq 2Rq – + equipotential surface.
(c) - î (d) î – –
+
p p R X (b) Only when the Gaussian surface is an
71. The total electric flux emanating from a closed r
equipotential surface and | E | is constant
surface enclosing an a-particle is (e-electronic
on the surface.
charge) r
2e e e0 e (c) Only when | E | = constant on the surface.
(a) (b) (c) ee0 (d)
e0 e0 4 (d) For any choice of Gaussian surface.
 B8

78. The inward and outward electric flux for a closed (a) q /4pÎ0 L E F
D
surface in units of N-m2/C are respectively 8 × 103 (b) zero c
O
and 4 × 103. Then the total charge inside the q q
surface is [where e0 = permittivity constant] (c) q/2 pÎ0 L H
G
(a) 4 ´ 10 3 C (b) –4 × 103 C (d) q/3pÎ0 L A
B
L
3 84. A sphere of radius R carries charge density r
( -4 ´ 10 )
(c) C (d) –4 × 103 e0C proportional to the square of the distance from
e
the centre such that r = CR 2, where C is a
79. The relectric field in a region of space is given positive constant. At a distance R/2 from the
by, E = Eoˆi + 2Eoˆj where Eo = 100 N/C. The centre, the magnitude of the electric field is
flux of the field through a circular surface of radius
CR3 CR3
0.02 m parallel to the Y-Z plane is nearly: (a) (b) 10 Î
20 Î0 0
(a) 0.125 Nm2/C (b) 0.02 Nm2/C
2 (d) 3.14 Nm2/C
(c) 0.005 Nm /C CR3 CR3
80. A solid sphere of radius R has a charge Q (c) 5 Î (d) 40 Î
0 0
distributed in its volume with a charge density 85. Figure shows a uniformaly charged A
r = kra, where k and a are constants and r is the
hemisphere of radius R. It has a
distance from its centre. If the electric field at
volume charge density r. If the
R 1 electric field at a point 2R, above its
r= is times that at r = R, the value of a is. B
2 8 centre is E, then what is the electric field at the
(a) 3 (b) 5 point 2R below its centre?
(c) 2 (d) both (a) and (b)
81. An electric dipole is formed by two equal and (a) rR / 6e0 + E (b) rR / 12e0 – E
opposite charges q with separation d. The (c) –rR / 6e0 + E (d) rR/12 e0 + E
charges have same mass m. It is kept in a uniform 86. Charges – q and + q located at A and B,
electric field E. If it is slightly rotated from its respectively, constitute an electric dipole.
equilibrium orientation, then its angular Distance AB = 2a, O is the mid point of the dipole
frequency w is : and OP is perpendicular to AB. A charge Q is
placed at P where OP = y and y >> 2a. The charge
qE 2qE
(a) (b) Q experiences an electrostatic force F. If Q is
md md now moved along the equatorial line to P¢ such
qE qE æ yö
(c) 2 (d) that OP¢ = ç ÷ , the force on Q will be close to:
md 2md è3ø
82. A system consists of a uniform charged sphere
of radius R and a surrounding medium filled by a æ y ö
ç 3 >> 2a ÷
P
a è ø
charge with the volume density r = , where a (a) 3 F
r
is a positive constant and r is the distance from F Q P¢
(b)
the centre of the charge. The charge of the 3 O
sphere for which the electric field intensity E A
–q
B
outside the sphere is independent of r is – (c) 9 F +q

(d) 27 F
87. Flux passing th rough th e
(a) pR2a (b) 4pR2a shaded surface of a sphere R/2
(c) 2pR2a (d) 3pR2a/4 when a point charge q is placed q

83. A charged particle q is placed at the centre O of at the center is (radius of the R
cube of length L (A B C D E F G H). Another sphere is R)
same charge q is placed at a distance L from O. (a) q/e0 (b) q/2e0
Then the electric flux through ABCD is
(c) q/4e0 (d) zero
 B9

88. In the figure the net electric 95. Shown in the figure is a
flux rthrough
r the area A is shell made of a conductor.
f = E × A when the system Q It has inner radius a and
is in air. On immersing the outer radius b, and carries
system in water the net A charge Q. At its centre is a
ur
electric flux through the area dipole p as shown. In this case :
(a) becomes zero (b) remains same (a) surface change density on the inner
(c) increases (d) decreases
Q/2
r
(
89. A surface has the area vector A = 2$i + 3$j m2 .)
The flux of an electric field through it if the field
surface is uniform and equal to
4 pa 2
(b) electric field outside the shell is the same
r V as that of a point charge at the centre of
is E = 4i$ :
m the shell.
(a) 8 V-m (b) 12 V-m (c) 20 V-m (d) zero (c) surface charge density on the outer
90. Forr a given surface the Gauss's law is stated as r
r surface depends on P
Ñò E . dA = 0 . From this we can conclude that (d) surface charge density on the inner
(a) E is necessarily zero on the surface
(b) E is perpendicular to the surface at every surface of the shell is zero everywhere.
point Numeric Value Questions
(c) the total flux through the surface is zero
(d) the flux is only going out of the surface 96. An infinite number of point charges, each
91. A charge q is placed at the centre carrying 1 mC charge, are placed along the y-axis
of the open end of a cylindrical at y = 1 m, 2 m, 4 m, 8 m_______.
q
vessel. The flux of the electric field The total force on a 1 C point charge, placed at
through the surface of the vessel
the origin, is x × 103 N.
is
The value of x, to the nearest integer, is ______.
(a) zero (b) q/eo
(c) q/2eo (d) 2q/eo 1
[Take = 9 × 109 Nm2/C2]
92. The surface density on the copper sphere is s. 4πε 0
The electric field strength on the surface of the 97. A long cylindrical volume contains
sphere is a uniformly distributed charge of
(a) s (b) s/2 (c) s / 2eo (d) Q / eo density r Cm–3. The electric field x
93. An electric dipole is put in north-south direction L
in a sphere filled with water. Which statement inside the cylindrical volume at
is correct? 2e 0
(a) Electric flux is coming towards sphere. a distance x = m from its
(b) Electric flux is coming out of sphere. r
axis is ___ Vm–1
(c) Electric flux entering into sphere and
leaving the sphere are same. 98. The electric field in a region is given by
(d) Water does not permit electric flux to enter r æ3 4 öN
into sphere. E = ç E0 iˆ + E0 ˆj ÷ . The ratio of flux of
94. The magnitude of the average electric field è5 5 øC
normally present in the atmosphere just above reported field through the rectangular surface
the surface of the Earth is about 150 N/C, directed of area 0.2 m2 (parallel to y – z plane) to that of
inward towards the center of the Earth. This gives the surface of area 0.3 m2 (parallel to x – z plane)
the total net surface charge carried by the Earth is a : b, where a = _______ .
to be: [Given eo = 8.85 × 10–12 C2/N-m2, ur
99. An electric field E = 4 xiˆ - ( y 2 + 1) ˆj N/C
RE = 6.37 × 106 m]
passes through the box shown in figure. The
(a) + 670 kC (b) – 670 kC flux of the electric field through surfaces ABCD
(c) – 680 kC (d) + 680 kC and BCGF are marked as f1 and f11 respectively.
 B 10

The difference between (f1 – f11) is (in Nm2/C) 100. Two identical conducting spheres with negligible
_______. volume have 2.1 nC and –0.1 nC charges,
z respectively. They are brought into contact and
A (0, 0, 2) B then separated by a distance of 0.5 m. The
(3, 0, 2)
electrostatic force acting between the spheres
D C
(0, 2, 2)
(3, 2, 2) is ________ × 10–9 N.
E F
x 1
(0, 0, 0) (3, 0, 0) [Given : 4pe 0 = SI unit]
H G 9 ´ 109
(0, 2, 0) (3, 2, 0)
y

ANSWER KEY
1 (d) 11 (c) 21 (b) 31 (b) 41 (c) 51 (c) 61 (b) 71 (a) 81 (b) 91 (a)
2 (b) 12 (b) 22 (a) 32 (a) 42 (c) 52 (c) 62 (a) 72 (c) 82 (c) 92 (d)
3 (b) 13 (a) 23 (c) 33 (d) 43 (b) 53 (b) 63 (d) 73 (d) 83 (b) 93 (c)
4 (b) 14 (a) 24 (d) 34 (c) 44 (d) 54 (a) 64 (d) 74 (d) 84 (d) 94 (c)
5 (b) 15 (d) 25 (d) 35 (b) 45 (b) 55 (c) 65 (b) 75 (c) 85 (b) 95 (b)
6 (d) 16 (b) 26 (d) 36 (a) 46 (b) 56 (b) 66 (a) 76 (a) 86 (d) 96 (12)
7 (c) 17 (c) 27 (c) 37 (b) 47 (a) 57 (c) 67 (b) 77 (b) 87 (c) 97 (1)
8 (a) 18 (c) 28 (a) 38 (a) 48 (b) 58 (b) 68 (a) 78 (d) 88 (d) 98 (1)
9 (b) 19 (c) 29 (a) 39 (a) 49 (c) 59 (b) 69 (b) 79 (a) 89 (a) 99 (–48)
10 (a) 20 (d) 30 (b) 40 (a) 50 (b) 60 (a) 70 (b) 80 (c) 90 (c) 100 (36)

1. (d) We have, from the given figure For maximum Fnet

dFnet
F F =0
q q dx
q -5/2 -3/2
3æ d2 ö æ d2 ö
Þ x ´ - ç x2 + ÷÷ .2 x + ç x 2 + ÷÷ =0
2 çè 4 ø
ç
è 4 ø
-5/ 2
æ d2 ö é d2 ù
x Þ ç x2 + ÷ ê -3 x 2 + x 2 + ú =0
ç 4 ÷ø êë 4 úû
è
d2 d2 d
d d
Þ 2x2 = Þ x2 = Þx=
Q Q 4 8 2 2
2 2 2. (b) Electrostatic force is given by
Fnet = 2 F cos q 1 q1q 2
F=
KQq x 4pe 0 r 2
Fnet = 2 2
× 1/ 2 Here, charge and distance are same. So, force
d æ 2 d2 ö between two protons will be same
x2 + çç x + ÷
4 4 ÷ø 3. (b) Here, q1 = 1 × 10–7C, q2 and 2 × 10–7 C,
è
r = 20 cm = 20 × 10–2 m
2 KQqx
Fnet = 3/2
q1 q2 9 ´109 ´1´10-7 ´ 2 ´ 10-7
æ 2 d2 ö F= =
çç x + ÷ 4pe0 r 2 (20 ´ 10-2 )2
è 4 ÷ø
= 4.5 × 10–3 N
 B 11

20µC –5µC gold leaves get transferred to the rod making

4. (b) gold leaves positively charged and they get
Let, charge q be placed at P. separated. When a negatively charged rod is
At point P forces due to 20 mC & –5mC should touched with metal knob some negative charge
be in opp-osite direction flows to the gold leaves lessening the positive
q charge there and the separation between the
20µC –5µC
leaves decreases.
x P d
r
For net force F = 0 & from coulomb's law force Fa Fb
13. (a)
k q1 q 2 20 q k 5q +Q d/2 q d/2 +Q
F= Þ k 2
= 2
r 2 ( 5+ x ) x KQQ
Force due to charge + Q, Fa =
Þ x = 5 cm d2
5. (b) Here q1 = q2 = 3.2 × 10–7 C, r = 60 cm KQq
= 0.6 m Force due to charge q, Fb =
1 q1q2 2
ædö
Electrostatic force, F = ç ÷
4 pe0 r 2 è2ø
9 ´ 109 (3.2 ´ 10 -7 ) 2 r r
= = 2.56 × 10–3 N For equilibrium, Fa + Fb = 0
(0.6) 2
kQQ kQq Q
6. (d) Þ + \q = -
2 =0
7. (c) Let n be the number of electrons missing. d 2
( d / 2) 4
1 q2 14. (a)
F= × 2
4pe 0 d 2 Þ q = 4 pe0 d F = ne 15. (d) Each induce other oppositely near by.
16. (b) Let two parts of charge Q be divided into q
4pe 0 Fd 2
\ n= and Q – q
e2 +q Q–q
8. (a) Fe Fe r
f f Kq q K ( q )( Q - q )
F= 1 2 =
For charge to stay in equilibrium Fe = f r 2
r2
kq 2 For maximum repulsion
= mmg
L2 dF d é Kq ( Q - q ) ù
= 0 or, ê ú =0
dq dq ë r2 û
kq 2 k
L= = .q Þ Q – 2q = 0 Þ Q = 2q
mmg mmg
s
17. (c) T sin q = . q ... (i)
9 ´ 109 e0 K
= -2
´ 2 ´ 10-7 = 12 cm
0.25 ´ 10 ´ 10 T cos q = mg .. (ii)
2
kq × 2q kq × 4 q 3kq Dividing (i) by (ii),
9. (b) TAB = + =
d2 (2d ) 2 d sq
tan q =
k × 4 q × 2q kq × 4q 9kq 2 e 0 K . mg \ s µ tan q
TBC = + =
d2 (2 d )2 d2 18. (c)
10. (a) Number of protons 19. (c) The charge on disc A is 10–6 µC. The
charge on disc B is 10 × 10–6 µC. The total
1C
= » 6 ´ 1018 charge on both = 11µC. When touched, this
1.66 ´10 -19 C charge will be distributed equally i.e. 5.5 µC on
11. (c) each disc.
12. (b) On touching the metal knob with a 20. (d) The rate of decrease of electric field is
positively charged rod some electrons from the different in the two cases. In case of a point
 B 12

charge, it decreases as 1/r 2 but in the case of ® ® ®

electric dipole it decreases more rapidly, as E µ 28. (a) Here, sum of EC and E A will lie along EB .
1/r3.
21. (b)

22. (a) Here,

® ® ® ®
r So, Enet = EB + EC + EB
æ3 r ö
òr ç - ÷ 4pr dr
2
0
è4 Rø Kq é kq ù kq é 1 1 ù
E.4 pr 2 = 0
= +ê 2 2ú =
e0 2 ê + ú
( 2a) ë 2a û a2 ë 2 2û
r0 4p æ 3 r 3 r 4 ö 29. (a)
Þ E.4pr 2 = ç - ÷ 30. (b) The electrostatic field will balance the
e0 è 4 3 4 R ø
weight of oil drop,
r0r 3 æ r ö r0 r æ rö
Þ E r2 = ç1 - ÷ Þ E = ç1 - ÷ moil × goil = qE
4e0 è R ø 4e 0 è R ø
4 3
23. (c) 24. (d) Þ pr ´ r ´ g = neE
25. (d) They will not experience any force if 3
r r (n = no. of excess electrons)
| FG |= | Fe | 4 3
m2 1 q2 pr rg
ÞG = . Þ n= 3
(16 ´ 10-2 ) 2 4pe0 (16 ´10 -2 ) 2 eE
q 4
Þ = 4pe0 G ´ p ´ (2 ´ 10 -3 )3 ´ (3 ´ 103 ) ´ 9.81
m 3
26. (d) Here, D = 2r = 4.4 m, or = r = 2.2 m =
s = 60 mC m–2 1.6 ´ 10 -19 ´ 3.55 ´ 105
Charge on the sphere, q = s × 4pr2 = 173.65 ×108 ; 1.73 ×1010
2kp kp
22 31. (b) We have Ea = and Ee = 3 ;
= 60 × 10–6 × 4 × × (2.2)2 = 3.7 × 10–3 C r 3 r
7 \ Ea = 2Ee
27. (c) For external points, a charged sphere r ur ur
behaves as if the whole of its charge is 32. (a) t = P ´ E = PE sinq
concentrated at its centre. r
Force on A due to B,
C For q = 90°, tmax = PE
1 q2 FAB
33. (d)
FAB = 60°
A B
4 pe 0 ( 2 R ) 2 34. (c) Here, l = 2.4 m, r = 4.6 mm = 4.6 × 10–3m
1 q2 uuur FA FAC q = – 4.2 × 10–7 C
= along BA
4pe0 4 R 2 q
Linear charge density, l =
And force on A due to C, l
q2 1 q2 uuur
FAC =
1
= along CA -4.2 ´ 10-7
4 pe 0 ( 2 R ) 2 4pe 0 4 R 2 = = –1.75 ×10–7 C m–1
2.4
Now as angle between BA and CA is 60° and l
|FAB| = |FAC| = F Electric field, E =
2pe0 r
\ FA = F 2 + F 2 + 2 FF cos60 = 3 F
-1.75 ´ 10 -7
1 3æ q ö
2 =
= ç ÷ 2 ´ 3.14 ´ 8.854 ´ 10 -12 ´ 4.6 ´ 10 -3
4pe 0 4 è R ø
= –6.7 × 105 N C–1
 B 13

q q Dipole moment, p = q × l
35. (b) E= Þ Ar =
2 2
4 pe o r 4p Î0 r p 4 ´10-5
q= = = 2 ´ 10-3 C = 2mC
l 0.02
Þ q = 4pe o Ar3
45. (b) Since t = pE sin q on decreasing the
36. (a) – eE = mg distance between the two charges, and on
uur 9.1 ´ 10 -31 ´ 10 -11
decreasing angle q between the dipole and
E =- = -5.6 ´ 10 N / C electric field, sin q decreases therefore torque
1.6 ´ 10 -19 decreases.
kQ E ´ r 2 3 ´ 106 ´ (2.5)2 46. (b)
37. (b) E = ÞQ= =
r2 k 9 ´ 109 nkQR nkQ(2R)
47. (a) E1 = , E2 =
= 2 ´ 10-3 C 2
(R + R ) 2 3/2
(R + (2R)2 )3/2
2
38. (a)
39. (a) Here, q = 1 C, e0 = 8.85 × 10–12 C2N–1m–2 E1 5 5
\= = +q +q
Number of lines of force = Electric force E2 4 2
q 1 48. (b) Force of interaction p1 p2
= = = 1.13 × 1011
e0 8.85 ´10-12 F=
1 3p1p2
.
–q
x
–q

40. (a) 4p Î0 x 4
49. (c)
41. (c) Given, Electric field, E = E0 (1 - x 2 )
50. (b) F = qE = mg (q = 6e = 6 × 1.6 × 10–19)
\ Force, F = qE = qE0 (1 - x2 ) Density (d)
æ dv ö mass m m
dv = or r3 =
Also, F = ma = mv çèQ a = v ÷ø volume 4 pr3 4
dx dx pd
3 3
dv Putting the value of v and m (= 2E/g) and solving
\ mv = qE0 (1 - x 2 )
dx we get r = 7.8 × 10–7 m
qE (1 - x 2 )dx 51. (c) Charges (q) = 2 × 10–6 C, Distance (d)
Þ v dv = 0 = 3 cm = 3 × 10–2 m and electric field (E)
m = 2 × 105 N/C. Torque (t) = q.d.
Integrating both sides we get, E = (2 × 10–6) × (3 × 10–2) × (2 × 105)
v x
qE0 (1 - x 2 )dx = 12 × 10–3 N–m .
Þ ò v dv = ò 52. (c) Electric dipole moment points from negative
0 0
m charge to positive charge. Electric field points
away from positive charge. Electric flux is the
v qE æ
2
9x ö 3
3 scalar product of electric field and area vector
Þ = 0 çç x - ÷÷ = 0 Þ x =
2 m è 3 ø a and torque is vector product of electric dipole
42. (c) Intensity of electric field due to a Dipole moment and electric field.
p 53. (b) In equilibrium,
1
E= 2 Þ Eµ 3 T cos q = mg ....(1) q
4pe 0 r 3 3cos q + 1 r T
T sin q = qE ....(2) q T cosq
( -17
43. (b) t = 2.57 ´ 10 Cm ç 3.0 ´ 10
æ
è )
4 Nö æ 1ö
÷ç ÷
C ø è 2ø From (1), T =
mg
T sinq
qE
cos q
= 3.855 ´ 10 -13 Nm. mg
r r r From (2), T =
qE
44. (d) Torque, t = p ´ E = pE sin q sin q
54. (a) The field at O due to small element dx is
4 = p × 2 × 105 × sin 30°
1 ldx O
4 -5 dE = ×
or, p = = 4 ´ 10 Cm 4 pe0 x 2 dx x
2 ´ 105 ´ sin 30°
Hence, due to one wire,
 B 14
¥
1 ldx 1 l 1 rd q ´ Q / ( pr / 2 ) Q
E1 = ò 4pe
a
0
×
x 2
E1 = × towards left.
4 pe0 a
dE =
4pe 0 r 2
= 2 2 dq
2 p e0 r
Electric field at O due to other wire, Resolving the fields, we find that the
1 l components along PO sum up to zero, and
E2 = × towards left
4pe0 a hence the resultant field is along PB. Therefore,
1 l l field at P due to pair of elements is 2d E sin q
\ Net field at O is E = 2 ´ =
4 pe0 a 2pe0 a
r r p /2
55. (c) Since r × p = 0
r r
E=
ò 0
2d E sin q
E must be antiparallel to p p /2 Q Q
\ Ê is parallel to ( iˆ + 3 ˆj - 2 kˆ )
=2
ò 0 2pe0 r 2
sin qd q =
p e0 r 2
2

56. (b) 1 2p 1 1
57. (c) F= qE = q (A – Bx) 61. (b) E= ; Eµ 3 Þ Fµ 3
4 pe 0 r 3 r r
q Hence, the force will become F/8.
ma = q (A – Bx) Þ a = (A – Bx) ...(i)
m 62. (a)
vdv q q 63. (d) Net force acting on the particle,
= ( A - Bx) ; vdv = ( A - Bx ) dx r
dx m m F = qEiˆ + mgjˆ
0 x
q Bx 2 Net acceleration of particle is constant, initial
ò
0
vdv =
m ò ( A - Bx ) dx ;
0
Ax -
2
=0 velocity is zero therefore path is straight line.

2A 2E
x = 0, x = ...(ii) ax =
B m
From eqs. (i) and (ii)
q qæ 2A ö -qA
( A - Bx ) = ç A - B ´ ÷ = .
m mè B ø m 2
æ 2E ö 2
58. (b) Charge on the element opposite to the gap a= çè ÷ø + g
is ay = g m
E
Q
dq = ( 0.002p ) 64. (d)
2pr
1 2p
65. (b) At bottom surface, electric field is zero as
= ´ = 2 ´ 10-3 C r y= 0
2p ( 0.5 ) 1000 \ Electric flux, f1 = 0; At top surface, y = 0.5
E=
9 ´ 109 ´ 2 ´ 10-3
( 0.5) 2
= 7.2 ´ 107 NC -1 d
+ +
a \ Electric flux, f2 = EA = 150y2 ( 0.5 ) ( ) 2

2 2
r kQ r 9 ´ 109 ´ 50 ´ 10-6 r r = 150 ´ ( 0.5) ´ ( 0.5 )
59. (b) E = 3 r = r r ´ ( r - r0 ) And flux through all other surface is zero
r | r - r0 |3 ur ur
r r because E ^ A for each of them
where r - r0 = (8i$ - 5 $j ) - (2iˆ + 3$j ) = 6i$ - 8 ˆj
r 150 150 150
E = 900 (3iˆ - 4 ˆj ) V/m = ( 0.5) 2 = \ f total = f1 + f 2 =
4 16 16
60. (a) Take PO as the x-axis and PA as the y-axis. 150 Q
Q in
Consider two elements EF and E'F' of width d q Using Gauss's law f = in Þ 16 = Î
at angular distance q above and below PO, Î 0 0
respectively. A 150
The magnitude E ++
F
Þ Qin = ´ 8.85 ´ 10-12 = 8.3 ´ 10-11 C
+ 16
of the fields at P dE cosq +++ q P O 66. (a) The electric field inside a thin spherical shell
dE cos q
due to either –– q
dE sin q of radius R has charge Q spread uniformly over
–
element is E’
– dE sin q its surface is zero.
––
dE F’ B
 B 15

Q + Q
++ + + 72. (c) Flux going in pyramid = .
2e 0

+
R

+ + +
+++
which is divided equally among all 4 faces.
Q Q
E=k
r2 \ Flux through one face =
8e 0
++

+ +
E=0
73. (d)
+

+
+ + + qin
++
74. (d) Df = Þ Qin ( f = f2 – f)e0
Outside the shell the electric field is E = k
Q
. e0
r2 75. (c) Flux does not depend on the size and shape
These characteristics are represented by graph of the close surface, and so, it remains same.
pd 2 4f
(a). E 76. (a) f = EA cos 0° = E ´ , \ E= .
4 pd 2
67. (b) ò
Fnet = dq E cos q
dq
dq
77. (b) By Gauss law
p/ 2 q ur uur qin
Ñò
æ q ö l
=
ò
-p / 2
ç ÷ Rd q
è pR ø 2 pe.R
cos q E × da =
Îo
p/ 2 ur ur qin
lq lq
=
2p 2 e 0 R ò
-p / 2
cos qd q =
2 p2e 0 R
[sin q]p-p/ 2/ 2 If E = cons. and E ||r A , then |E| |A| =
Îo
qin ur
lq
= [1 - ( -1)] = 2l q Þ |E| =
Îo A
× And E is always ^ r to
2p 2 e 0 R p e0 R
equipotential surface so, gaussian surface is
68. (a) We have centripetal force equation equipotential.
2
æ 2kl ö mv 2kql 1
qç ÷= so v = 78. (d) By Gauss's law f = (Qenclosed )
è r ø r m e0
2pr m 1
Now, T = = 2pr where k = Þ Qenclosed = fe 0 = (-8 ´ 103 + 4 ´ 103 )e 0
v 2kql 4pe0
= -4 ´ 103 e0 coulomb.
69. (b) The given point
r 79. (a)
p
is at axis of dipole 80. (c) Using Gauss's law, we have
2
and at equatorial line R
r r r 1 1
Ñò ò ò
a 2
of p dipole so that E × dA = Î (rdv ) = Î kr ´ 4pr dr
field at given point is 0 0
r r 0
E1 + E2 æ 4 pk ö R ( a + 3)
kR( a +1)
or E × 4pr2 = ç Î ÷ ( a + 3) \ E1 =
r 2 K ( p / 2) Kp r è 0 ø Î0 ( a + 3)
Kp ˆ
E1 = 3
= (+ kˆ) E2 = (-k ) a +1
2 8 1 æRö
kç ÷
r r 7 R
For r = × E2 = è ø
7p ˆ 2
E1 + E2 = - Kp( - kˆ ) = - k
8 32 p Î0 2 Î0 ( a + 3)
70. (b) a +1
æ Rö
71. (a) According to Gauss’s law total electric flux kç ÷
E1 è2ø 1 kR( a +1)
1 Given, E2 = or =
through a closed surface is times the total 8 Î0 ( a + 3) 8 Î0 ( a + 3)
e 1
charge inside that surface. 0 \
1
= or a = 2.
q 2 a+1 8
Electric flux, fE = 81. (b) t = – PE sin q
e0
PE
Charge on a-particle = 2e \ fE =
2e Ia = – PE (q) Þ a = ( -q )
e0 I
 B 16

On comparing with 86. (d) Electric field of equitorial plane of dipole

a = – w2q r
KP
PE qdE 2qE =– 3
w= = = r
I 2 md
ædö
2m ç ÷
è2ø
Q

Ñò
Q + Q¢
82. (c) E p dS =
e0
where Q' is the charge P
outside the sphere R
r r
a
ò ò r ´ 4pr dr
2
Q1¢ = dV = KP
\ At point P, F = + Q
R R y3
r
æ r2 ö æ r 2 R2 ö KPQ
= 4pa ç ÷ = 4pa ç - = 2pa (r 2 - R 2 ) At Point P1, F1 = + = 27 F..
è 2 øR è 2 2 ÷ø ( y / 3)3
Q + 2pa (r 2 - R 2 ) 87. (c) a = 60°. Solid angle subtended by BCD is
E p ´ 4pr 2 =
e0 w = 2p (1 cos a) = p
Q a aR 2 Solid angle subtended by ABDE is
Ep = + - 2
4pr 2 e 0 2e 0 2r e 0 w(ABCDE) – w(BCD) = 2p – p = p
Hence, flux through ABDE is
E is independent of r if
q p q
Q aR 2 C
f= =
- =0 D
e 0 4 p 4e 0
4pr 2 e0 2r 2 e 0 q
. r
q
. 88. (d) Since electric field
r r decreases inside water,,
E
Q = 2pR2a therefore flux f = Ε.A also decreases.
83. (b) B
A r r
89. (a) f = E. A = 4iˆ.(2iˆ + 3 ˆj ) = 8 V-m
84. (d) For, r = R/2
r r
Using Gauss's law, we have
R/2
90. (c) Ñò E.dA = 0, represents charge inside close
r r
Ñò
2 surface is zero. Electric field as any point on the
q r 4pr dr
E × dA = in or E × 4pr2 =
Î0 ò0
Î0 surface may be zero.
Cr 3 CR 3 91. (a) The flux is zero according to Gauss’ Law
or E = = . because it is a open surface which enclosed a
5 Î0 40 Î0
charge q.
85. (b) Let us complete the sphere. Electric field
due to lower part at A is equal to electric field 92. (d) According to Gauss's theorem,
due to upper part at B = E (given) Electric field q é
due to lower part at E Ñò ds = Here Ñ
ò ds = 4pR ùû
2
Î0 ë
B = electric field due to full sphere
– electric field due to upper part
A
q / 4 pR 2
\E = [Q q / 4pR 2 = s]
kQ 2R Î0
= -E
( 2R)2 or E = s / e o
1 r ( 4 / 3) pR 3 93. (c) If electric dipole, the flux coming out from
= -E positive charge is equal to the flux coming in
4pe0 4R 2 2R
at negative charge i.e. total charge on sphere
rR = 0. From Gauss law, total flux passing through
= -E
12e 0 B the sphere = 0.
 B 17

94. (c) Given, 98. (1) Given : Electric field,

Electric field E = 150 N/C r 3 4 N
Total surface charge carried by earth q = ? E = E0iˆ + E0 ˆj
5 5 C
According to Gauss’s law.
Area (Parallel to y-z plane), Aa = 0.2iˆ m2
q
f= = EA
Î0 Area (Parallel to x-z plane), Ab = 0.3 ˆj m2
or, q = Î0 E A = Î0 E p r2 = 8.85 × 10–12 × 150 Flux,
× (6.37 × 106)2. r r æ3 4 ö 6
f a = E × Aa = ç E0iˆ + E0 ˆj ÷ × 0.2$i = E0
; 680 KC è5 5 ø 50
r r æ3 4 ö 12
As electr ic field directed in ward h ence f b = E × Ab = ç E0iˆ + E0 ˆj ÷ × 0.3 ˆj = E0
q = – 680 KC è5 5 ø 50
95. (b) By Gauss law, f 6 / 50 E0 1
\ a = =
® ® Qin Q+q-q Q fb 12 / 50 E0 2
Ñò E . d A = Îo =
Îo
=
Îo
r
99. (–48) Flux of electric field E through any area
r
Q 1 Q A is defined as
or E × 4pr2 = ÞE= ,r³R
e0 4pe 0 r 2
f = ò E. A cos q
So, electric field outside is same as point
charge inside the shell. Here, q = angle between electric field and area
1C q1 q2 q3
vector of a surface
96. (12) O
0 1 2 3 4 For surface ABCD Angle, q = 90°
é kq1q2 kq1q3 kq1q4 ù
Ftotal = ê 2 + 2 + 2 + ...ú \ f1 = ò E. A cos 90° = 0
ëê r1 r2 r3 ûú r uur
For surface BCGF fn = ò E . dA
Þ F = (k )(10-6 ) é 1 + 1 + 1 + ...ù
ê 2 ú \ f11 = é 4 ´ iˆ – ( y 2 + 1) ˆj ù .4iˆ = 16 x
ë1 22 4 2 û ë û
(k )10-6 Nm 2
= f11 = 48 ; f1 – f11= – 48
1 C
1-
4
100. (36) When two spheres charges q’1 = 2.1 nC
9 -6
(9 ´ 10 ) ´ 4 ´ 10 N and q’2 = –0.1 nC are brought into contact
= = 12 ´ 103 N
3 and then separated by a distance r = 0.5 m
97. (1) By Gauss law then,
q
ò Eds cos 0 = e0 Q1 + Q2
q1' = q ' =
2
= 1 nC
2
r ´ px 2 h Electrostatic force between the two charged
Þ E.2pxh =
e0 sphere,
rp 1 q' q' 10-9 ´ 10-9
Þ E= F= × 1 2 2 = 9 ´ 109 ´
2e 0 4pe 0 r (0.5) 2
r 2e 0
Þ E= ´ =1 = 36 × 10–9 N
2e 0 r
\ x = 36.