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Insect Nervous System (NS) : Brain
Insect Nervous System (NS) : Brain
Brain
Subesophageal
ganglion Ventral nerve cord
Stimulus
Terminal arborization dendrite
axon
Nerve impulse
soma
Types of neuron: bipolar
Terminal arborization
axon Stimulus
Nerve impulse dendrite
soma
axon soma
dendrite
• In epidermis
• Sensory neurons
• Outside ganglion
SNS: FG, HG and VG
Manduca sexta
• FG: Frontal
ganglion
• HG: Hypocerebral
ganglion
Fly
• VG: Ventricular
ganglion or cluster
of neurons
Hypocerebral
Brain ganglion
Recurrent nerve
Frontal
Gastric nerve
ganglion
Subesophageal
Frontal nerve
ganglion
Brain
Thoracic ganglia Abdominal ganglia
Subesophageal
ganglion
Ventral nerve cord
• Brain: a compound ganglion, major association center
• Ventral nerve cord: SG + TG + AG: local association
center
• SG: a compound ganglion (mandible maxillae, and
labium)
Ventral nerve cord: trend towards
ganglia (fusing) condensing
Hypocerebral ganglion
Protocerebrum
Optic lobe
Central complex
Accessary lobe
Deuto- and tritocerebrum
Antennal lobe
=deutocerebrum
Tritocerebrum
•Control of locomotor
activity, particularly flight and
walking
•Center for direction
perception and spatial
navigation
•Coordinates L and R
brain
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SiX7xK1tPZY