2021 7th International Conference on Advanced Computing & Communication Systems (ICACCS)

Intelligent Water Distribution and

Monitoring System
2021 7th International Conference on Advanced Computing and Communication Systems (ICACCS) | 978-1-6654-0521-8/20/$31.00 ©2021 IEEE | DOI: 10.1109/ICACCS51430.2021.9442031

Senoj Joseph Anjana Menon

Electronics and Communication Engineering department (Department of Electronics and Communication
Sri Krishna College o f Technology Engineering
(Affiliated to Anna University) Sri Krishna College o f Technology
Kovaipudur, Coimbatore, India (Affiliated to Anna University)
senojjoseph@skct.edu.in Kovaipudur, Coimbatore, India
17tuec006@skct.edu.in

Akash.P
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering
Sri Krishna College o f Technology
(Affiliated to Anna University)
Kovaipudur, Coimbatore, India
17tuec006@skct.edu.in
Bharath.P
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering
Sri Krishna College o f Technology
(Affiliated to Anna University)
Kovaipudur, Coimbatore, India
17tuec024@skct.edu.in

Abstract— Water is the basic need of all living organisms and

human mankind. In recent days the rapid population growth has that extensively use water are unaware when the pipes are
caused insufficiency and wastage of drinking water which has led damaged which causes leakage and wastage of water.
to scarcity of water and uneven distribution of drinking
water. Theprimary goal of this project is to check and
maintain even distribution of water to all homes ensuring
that there is no wastage and block in the supply of water
and to generate the water bills to the individual households
using IoT platforms. In order to implement this system, we
will make use of Arduino. Water how sensors and a valve to
control the How of water from the tank Flow sensor generates a
series of electric pulses through which water utilized by the
user, flow rate and the amount of water supplied can be
calculated. This project is proposed to solve issues by
supplying water in a proper channelized manner using
embedded technology and IoT platforms.

Keywords— Water Management, IoT, Water distribution, Water

monitoring

I. PREFACE
In the last few years, India has seen a dramatic rise in need
for water due to various socio-economic processes. As a
result, most water bodies and groundwater resources are over
exploited leading to water scarcity. It is essential we know
how much water we have access to. Water resource
management and distribution is a very important issue as it
involves ways to protect water bodies from pollution and over
exploitation. The biggest issue in India is water availability,
quality and management. In developed urban areas, the usage
of water is outweighed by the supply which leads to
diminished availability of water and therefore proper
management is a must. Supply of water to various places
requires manpower. In such cases, the amount of water
distributed and the water bills are not monitored. Industries
Fig.1 Intelligent water distribution and management system
This project aids in efficient supply of water without
causing leakages and unnecessary wastage of the same. It is an
intelligent system that uses flow sensors to generate a series of
electric pulses through which water utilized by the user, flow
rate and the amount of water supplied can be calculated. The
proposed system continuously controls the water level of the
main tank and automatically switches the motors ON/OFF
according to the water level. The water flow through the pipe
is regulated by a control valve and a flow sensor. This process
can be carried out through the IoT platform-ThinkSpeak. The
administrator can obtain the data at different time intervals and
it can be used for automated billing, resource analysis and
approximation for later consumption. Tank water level and the

978-1-6654-0521-8/21/$31.00 ©2021 IEEE

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 2021 7thInternational Conference on Advanced Computing & Communication Systems (ICACCS)
bills w ill be visualized in the monitor so that the Admin can battery or an adapter can be used to power up the
view the same. microcontroller.
II. LITERATURE SURVEY
According to the literature survey on the water
management system it has already implemented and executed
in various researches. The proposed model contains features
such as distribution, monitoring and measuring the level of
water in the tank along with bill generation for the same.
Using existing IoT platform-ThingSpeak the data can be sent
to the user and admin for billing for individual houses, water
flow monitoring, water level monitoring and monitoring
leakage in the pipe are also done in this project. In this paper,
the emphasis was on control and real time monitoring via flow
sensors. When the user turns the device ON, the pulses from
all channels are counted. A microcontroller is used to monitor Arduino Uno R2 Front Arduino Uno SMD Arduino Uno Front Arduino Uno Back

and handle the amount of water used by all the users. By using Fig.3 Arduino microcontroller
water level sensors, the level of water in the main tank is
checked. B. Ultrasonic sensor

III. METHOD OF APPROACH This sensor is used to determine the distance between two
objects by emitting ultrasonic sound waves. Here, it is used to
measure the water level of the main tank. When the water tank
level slowly increases the sensor measures the value of how
much amount of water is stored inside the tank. The
piezoelectric crystals emitted by the sound of the transmitter
and the traveling sound encountered by the receiver from the
target helps to continuously monitor the water level.

Transmitter
Ultrasonic Waves

Fig.2 Block diagram

Vcc
The sensors that have been used are Ultrasonic and water Input
flow sensors. The IoT platform used is ThinkSpeak. We have Output (Echo)
used an electronic valve to switch ON and OFF the flow of Gnd
water in the pipe that connects to the user’ s tank. The water
flow sensor generates a series of electric pulses that are used
to detect the water flow. This electric valve helps in Receiver
controlling the rate of water flowing from the tank. Using the
IoT platform-ThinkSpeak, the admin can manage the entire
Ultrasonic Waves
system and send automated bills to the respective houses.
IV. HARDWARE Fig.4 Ultrasonic sensor

A. Arduino Microcontroller C. Mechanical flow sensor

Arduino comprises both a physical programmable circuit
board and a programming software. The Arduino is a
controller that takes the water flow measurements from the
flow meter to the predetermined level of an individual house.
Figure 3 shows the Arduino board. Through using this
controller, the entire embedded device is configured. It
regulates the activation and deactivation of the IoT valve and
data communication. The microcontroller contains all the
features that are required for easy implementation of this
system. We can connect it to the device using a USB cable. A
This flow measuring device is designed using the
hall-effect concept, copper body and water rotor. When the
water in the pipe flows through the rotor, the rotor starts
rolling and starts measuring the different rate of flow. The
volume of the water in the pipe that passes per unit of time is
measured by this flow sensor.

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 2021 7th International Conference on Advanced Computing & Communication Systems (ICACCS)
Fig.5 Water flow sensor
D. ESP8266 Wi-Fi module
The ESP8266 Wi-Fi Module is connected to an Arduino
and the values that are provided by the sensor are transmitted
to the IoT platform through this Wi-Fi module. This Wi-Fi
module is operated on the frequency of 2.4GHz. The key is
added in the microcontroller. The power given to the ESP8266
is 3.3V which offloads all Wi-Fi networking functions from
another application processor. The data is transmitted to users
and administrators easily.
Fig.6 ESP8266 Wi-Fi module
E. Relay circuit
This relay circuit acts as a switch which is controlled by
electrical power, same as an ON OFF button. The need of this
relay is to automate this power to switch electrical circuits on
and off the valve. Using TTL logic the relay circuit is made.
Arduino does not support 12V supply and the relay is used to
supply power to the electronic valve.
Fig.7 Relay circuit
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F. IoTPlatform-ThingSpeak
ThingSpeak is a cloud-based IoT platform where we can
store and display the real time data of water flow. The values
obtained in the LCD display are simultaneously displayed on
the user end also. The data displayed on ThingSpeak can be
viewed on any device from anywhere.
G. Valve system
Water flow can be controlled by using this device. When
the tank is full the valve is closed and when the tank is empty
the valve remains open. When current starts, the magnetic
field gets generated so that it controls and turns on and off the
valve.
Fig. 8 Electronic valve
Fig.9 Hardware implementation of the system
V. CONCLUSION
The water flow is continually monitored in the proposed
model and i f leakages are detected, alerts w ill be sent to the
admin. The admin can supervise the entire set-up using IoT
platform-ThinkSpeak. Automatic bills are generated to the
individual houses thereby reducing man power. This project
helps in reducing the water crisis to an extent using embedded
technology.
VI. RESULT
Figure 10 shows the equal flow of water from the main
tank to the individual house pipe. The bill is displayed
according to the usage of water.
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 2021 7thInternational Conference on Advanced Computing & Communication Systems (ICACCS)
[2] Zhu, Z. Hao and Q. Ju, "Management Decision System of Regional
Water Resources," 2008 ISECS International Colloquium on
Computing, Communication, Control, and Management, Guangzhou,
2008, pp. 481-484
[3] Joy Shah. An Internet of Things Based Model for Water Distribution
with Quality Monitoring” , Vol. 6, Issue 3, March 2017 in
International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering
and Technology.
[4] Perumal, “Internet of Things (IoT) Enabled Water” , Monitoring
System,4th Global Conference on Consumer Electronics IEEE ,2015.
[5] Ian F. Akyildiz, Erich P. Stuntebeck, “ Wireless underground
sensor networks” , Research challenges Science Direct - Computer
Networks, pp. 669-686, 2016.
[6] Peng Cheng, Xi-Li Wang, “ The Design and
Implementation of Remote-sensing Water Quality Monitoring
System Based on SPOT-5,” Second IITA International Conference
on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2010, pp. 6- 10.
Fig.10 Output on ThingSpeak [7] Sureshkumar Natarajan, Shashank Roy, Arjun Singh, Aniket
Bhosale, “ Smart water management system using cloud computing
and IoT” , International Journal of Current Research, Vol. 9,
Figure 11 shows that there is a difference in the main pipe Issue. 10, pp.60136-60139, 2017.
and house pipe and hence the leakage button is indicating red. [8] Pracheet Verma, Akshay Kumar, Pratik Jain, Renu
Subramaniam, Bharadwaj Amrutur, Mohan Kumar, Rajesh
Sundaresan, “ Towards an IoT based water management system
for campus” in First International Smart Cities Conference (ISC2),
IEEE Xplore, 2015.

Fig.11 Output on ThingSpeak

Figure 12 is displaying the monitored continuous water

flow and the water level of the tank.

Fig.12 Output on LCD display.

VII. REFERENCES
[1] K. Gupta, M. Kulkarni, M. Magdum, Y. Baldawa and S.
Patii, "Smart Water Management in Housing Societies using IoT,"
2018 Second International Conference on Inventive
Communication and Computational Technologies
(ICICCT), Coimbatore, 2018, pp. 1609-1613.

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