CAMBIOS EN LOS TIEMPOS VERBALES (UN SALTO ATRÁS EN EL TIEMPO)

DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH

Present Simple Past simple

"I am not a victim of my circumstances; I am Stephen Covey said that she was not a victim
a product of my decisions." - Stephen Covey of her circumstances; she was a product of
her decisions.

Present continuous Past continuous

William Sisters: "We are constantly breaking The Williams sisters said that they were
down barriers and proving people wrong." constantly breaking down barriers and
proving people wrong.

Past simple / continuous Past perfect simple / continuous

Gloria Steinem: "I had to fight for my rights Gloria Steinem said that she had had to fight
every step of the way." for her rights every step of the way.

Ophra Winfrey: “I was working hard (…) even Oprah Winfrey said that she had been
when the odds were against me." working hard (…) even when the odds had
been against her.

Present perfect simple / continuous Past perfect simple / continuous

Malala Yousafzai: "I have been fighting for Malala Yousafzai said that she had been
gender equality for years, and I have seen fighting for gender equality for years, and
some progress, but we still have a long way that she had seen some progress, but they
to go. still had a long way to go.

REPORTED SPEECH
USO:

El reported speech, o estilo indirecto, sirve para contar lo que ha dicho alguien sin emplear las
palabras exactas pronunciadas por esa persona, lo que sería el estilo directo y que suele ir
entre comillas.

PASOS PARA PASAR DEL ESTILO DIRECTO AL INDIRECTO O REPORTED SPEECH:

1. LEER CON ANTENCIÓN y subrayar tanto los verbos dentro de la oración del estilo
directo y los modales, adverbios de tiempo/lugar, demostrativos y pronombres si
tiene, ya que estos van a cambiar de acuerdo a la persona / tiempo respecto al
momento actual.
2. En cuanto a los verbos, hay que dar un paso hacia atrás en el tiempo (presente pasa a
pasado y pasado pasa al perfecto).
3. También debemos modificar los modales, los adverbios de tiempo/lugar, los
demostrativos y los pronombres si los tiene para referirnos a la
persona/momento/lugar.
 CAMBIOS EN LOS MODALES
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
Will Would

Coco Chanel: “In the future, fashion will be Coco Chanel said that in the future, fashion
unisex, and women will become stronger." would be unisex, and women would become
stronger.
Can Could

“I can't wait to see what amazing things we
will accomplish when we break the glass
ceiling and let women soar"- Anita
Sarkeesian.
May
Anita Sarkeesian said that she could not wait
to see what amazing things we would
accomplish when we broke the glass ceiling
and let women soar.
Might

"Women may be the one group that
consistently experiences discrimination
based on their gender and race in addition
to other forms of discrimination”- Kimberlé
Crenshaw
Kimberlé Crenshaw said that women might
be the one group that consistently
experiences discrimination based on their
gender and race in addition to other forms
of discrimination.

Must Had to

Kate Nash: “We must all work together to Kate Nash said that they all had to work
create a world where gender does not together to create a world where gender
determine someone's worth or didn’t determine someone's worth or
opportunities" opportunities.

CAMBIOS ADVERBIOS DE TIEMPO Y DE LUGAR + DEMOSTRATIVOS

Direct speech Reported speech
Now Then
Today / tonight That day / that night
Yesterday / last week / last month The day /week / month before
Tomorrow / next week The day / the week after
Next month The following month
Here There
This / these That / those

LOS PRONOMBRES
Direct Speech Reported Speech
‘I’/ ‘Me’/ ‘My’/ ‘Mine’ He’/ ‘She’/ ‘His’/ ‘Hers’
‘You’/ ‘Your’/ ‘Yours’ ‘Him’/ ‘His’/ ‘Her’/ ‘Hers’
‘We’/ ‘Us’/ ‘Our’/ ‘Ours’/ ‘You’/ ‘Your’/ ‘They’/ ‘Their’/ ‘Theirs’
‘Yours’