A Report on Internship at

VANI TECH Company Pvt. Ltd.

submitted to
PG & Research Department of Commerce
Islamiah College (Autonomous)
Accredited by NAAC (3rd Cycle) with ‘A’ Grade
affiliated to theThiruvalluar University

In partial fulfillment of the requirements

for the award of the Degree of

BACHELOR OF COMMERCE

By

GOPI S R Register Number – 31120U10010

IRBAZ S M Register Number – 31120U10011
ISMAIL SHERIF S Register Number – 31120U10013
JEEVA S Register Number – 31120U10015
KAFEEL AHMED A Register Number – 31120U10016
MOHAMED MUSHRAF K Register Number– 31120U10023
Under the Guidance of

Dr.V.Mahmudul Hasan,M.Com.,MBA., M.Phil., Ph.D.NET

Assistant Professor

PG & RESEARCH DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

ISLAMIAH COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), VANIYAMBADI

APRIL-2023
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the report on Internship at VANI TECH CompanyPvt. Ltd.
submitted to PG & Research Department of Commerce, Islamiah College
(Autonomous)Vaniyambadi, affiliated to the Thiruvalluvar University, Vellore, in
partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the Degree of Bachelor
Commerce is a bonafide work carried out by
GOPI S R REGISTER NO 31120U10010
IRBAZ S M REGISTER NO 31120U10011
ISMAIL SHERIF S REGISTER NO 31120U10013
JEEVA S REGISTER NO 31120U10015
KAFEEL AHMED A REGISTER NO 31120U10016
MOHAMED MUSHRAF K REGISTER NO 31120U10023
during 2020-2023 of his study in the PG & Research Department of Commerce
at Islamiah College (Autonomous),Vaniyambadi under the supervision and guidance
and it has not formed the basis for the award of
anyDegree/Diploma/Associateship/Fellowship or other similar title to any candidate
of this University or Institution of higher learning

Place: Vaniyambadi Signature of the Guide

Date:
Countersigned

Signature of the HOD Signature of the Principal

 DECLARATION

We,

GOPI S R REGISTER NO 31120U10010

IRBAZ S M REGISTER NO 31120U10011
ISMAIL SHERIF S REGISTER NO 31120U10013
JEEVA S REGISTER NO 31120U10015
KAFEEL AHMED A REGISTER NO 31120U10016
MOHAMED MUSHRAF K REGISTER NO 31120U10023

hereby declare that the report on internship at VANI TECH PVT

LTDsubmitted to the PG & Research Department of Commerce, Islamiah College
(Autonomous), Vaniyambadi, affiliated to the Thiruvalluvar University in partial
fulfillment of the requirements for the award the Degree of Bachelor of Commerce is
a record of undergone internship during the period from 13.09.2022 to
27.09.2022 (90 hours) under the Guidance of Dr.V.Mahmudul Hasan, Assistant
Professor, PG & Research Department of Commerce, Islamiah College
(Autonomous), Vaniyambadi – 635 752 and it has not formed the basis for the
award of any Degree / Diploma / Associate ship / Fellowship or other similar titles
to any candidate of any University

Signature of the Students

GOPI S R
IRBAZ S M
ISMAIL SHERIF S
JEEVA S
KAFEEL AHMED A
MOHAMED MUSHRAF K
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
All praise to Allah, who showered his kindness by including me into this nice
course. My thanks and due regards to the President of V. M. E. SocietyJanabMouda
Ahmed Basha Sahib, B.Com., General Secretary of V. M. E. Society Janab Ghani
Mohammed Azhar Sahib B.Sc., The Secretary and Correspondent, Janab L. M.
Muneer Ahmed Sahib and Our beloved Principal Dr. T.Mohamedllyas, M. Com.,
M.Phil., M.B.A., Ph.D.
I am very much thankful to Dr. T. AfsarBashaM.Com., M.Phil., PGDCA, PhD.
Associate Professor of the PG & Research Department of Commerce, Islamiah
College (Autonomous), Vaniyambadi.
I am extremely indebted to my guide Dr.V.Mahmudul Hasan
M.com.,MBA.,M.Phil.,P.h.DNET for his continuous encouragement and support to
complete this work in time with patience, understanding, encouragement, helpful
suggestion and constructive comments. I acknowledge my deep respects to him.
I am grateful to the following faculty members of our department for their
valuable suggestions from time to time.
Dr. V. Valeeullah, M.Com., M.Phil.,PGDCA., P.h.D
Mr. S.MohammedNaseeruddeenM.Com., M.Phil., NET
Dr. G. Azad BashaM.Com., M.Phil., B.Ed., M.B.A., P.h.D.
Dr. D.S.A. MehaboobM.Com., M.Phil., P.h.D.
Dr. A. KhaleequzzamanM.Com., M.Phil., Ph.D., SLET
Mr. S. Aslam Basha M.Com., B.Ed., M.Phil, NET
Dr. S. Thameemul Ansari M.Com, M.B.A, M.Phil, P.h.D NET
Mr. N.Md.ThanveerM.Com., NET
Mr. N.MohammmedThowfeequeM.Com, M.Phil,
 I am also thankful to the all staff members of VANITECH Pvt. Ltd.who provided
me a golden opportunity to undergo internship in their esteemed organization.

PG & RESEARCH DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

ISLAMIAH COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS)
VANIYAMBADI

EVALUATION

Title: A Report on VANI TECH PVT LTD

Date of Viva-Voce Examination: 28 -04-2023

Internal Examiner External Examiner

Attached Colour Copy of Training Certificate
 PREFACE

VANITECH PVT LTD was selected for the Internship Programme. I am very
much pleased to place the report on internship undergone by me.

The report describes the history of the organization and working of various
departments.

Internship isapartofcurriculumfor Degree of Bachelor of Commerce, Islamiah

College (Autonomous), Vaniyambadi. It is a sort of on the job training programme
to bridge the gulf of between theory andpractice.
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER TITLE

I INTRODUCTION

II HISTORY OF THE ORGANIZATION

III AN OVERVIEW OF THE ORGANIZATION

IV DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

V SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION

 CONTENT PAGE
CHAPTER NO
INTRODUCTION

1.1 waste water of management

I 1.2 Chromium Removal Tannery wastewater Treatment
HISTORY OF THE ORGANIZATION
2.1 Wastewater Treatment

II 2.2 Wastewater Treatment Process

2.3 (Automatic) Treatment System
AN OVERVIEW OF THE ORGANIZATION

3.1 Water Recycling Plant

III 3.2 Tertiary Stage

3.3 Final Stage
DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
4.1 Data Analysis and interpretation
IV 4.2 The Analysis of Wastewater
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
5.1 Primary Treatment
V 5.2 Secondary Treatment
 CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
 INTRODUCTION

The tanning industry forms the backbone of the VANI TECH LTD industry. The total
numbers of tanneries in Egypt are more than 300, of which more than 85% adopt the
chromium tanning process because of its processing speed, low costs, and light color of
leather and greater stability of the resulting leather.

Tannery effluent containing chromium is one of the most recognized problems in leather
industry. Tanning process using chromium compounds is the most common methods for
processing of hides . In this process about 60% - 70% of chromium reacts with the hides. In
other words, about 30%- 40% of the chromium amount remains in the solid and liquid
wastes .

The wastewater of tanning process is usually discharged, without proper treatment, into
the sewerage system causing serious environmental impact. In nature, chromium occurs in
two major states . Even when the tanning wastewater has chromium only in trivalent form,
since the tanning CHROMIUM REMOVAL FROM TANNERY WASTEWATER 172
process does not generate chromium some countries fixed regulatory limits for the two
species.

This criterion appears from the assumption that the oxidation would be produced during
storage and sometimes through the tanning process. Although chromium(III) oxidation to
chromium(VI) occurs under specific environmental conditions , special attention is devoted to
this transformation because chromium(VI) causes adverse effects for the human health where
induced acute and chronic toxicity, neurotoxicity, dermatotoxicity, genotoxicity,
carcinogenicity, immunotoxicity, and general environmental toxicity and has been shown to
be mutagenic in a number of bacterial systems

Although Cr(III) has relatively low toxicity , when soluble Cr(III) is added to soil,
manganese oxides present in the soil may cause oxidation to Cr(VI) . When not oxidized to
Cr(VI) form, Cr(III) may remain immobilized in the soil. Due to the harmful effect of
chromium on human and living organisms, in addition to the cost of the chromium metal it is
suggested to be recovered from the tanning wastewater .There are several methods have been
used for removing of chromium from the tanning wastewater as Cr(III). These methods are
chemical precipitation, reverse osmosis membrane processes, and adsorption.

Of these, chemical precipitation is the common way for this purpose. Substances used
habitually to promote the precipitation are: calcium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, magnesium
oxide or calcium magnesium carbonate. Many factors affect the process of chemical
precipitation including the type of precipitation agent, pH, velocity of precipitation, sludge
volume, time of mixing and complexing agents .

On the other hand, advanced treatment techniques, such as reverse osmosis, ion exchange,
membrane filtration, and electro dialysis are effective for removing Cr(VI), but they are
expensive and generate concentrated wastes that require subsequent treatment and disposal .
Biological removal may provide a suitable means for Cr(VI) treatment from wastewater .
Various fungal and bacterial species were reported for chromium bioremoval. However, there
is no systematic study on chromate tolerance, toxicity/resistance or reduction by mycelium
forming actinomycetes except few sporadic reports (Basu and Paul, .

Although actinomycetes constitute a significant component of the microbial population in

most environments, their metabolic diversity and genomic characteristics indicate them as
well suited agents for bioremoval of metal and organic compounds . Recent studies showed
chromium bioremoval by Streptomyces rimosus generated from the antibiotic industry
(Sahmoune and Louhab, and biological reduction of chromate by Streptomyces griseus
(Poopal and Laxman, .

This study aims to study the characteristics of tannery wastewater, to design a laboratory
scale system to remove chromium(III) from tannery wastewater by chemical precipitation
method using low cost chemicals and some by products of other industries and to study the
efficiency of chromium resistant actinomycete isolates for the bioremoval of chromium from
pretreated tanning wastewater.
 CHAPTER II
HISTORY OF THE
ORGANIZATION
WASTEWATER TREATMENT

waste water Treatment also called as sewage treatment the removal of impurities from waste
water, or sewage before acquires or natural bodies of water such as river lakes estuaries and
ocean since water not found in natural outside chemical laboratory

Any distinction between clean water and polluted water depends on the type and
concentration of impurities found in the water depends on the type of as well as on its intended
use in broad terms water is said to be polluted when it Contain enough impurities to make it unit
for a particular use such as drinking swimming or fishing although water quality is affected by
natural conditions, the word pollution usually implies human activity as the sources of
contamination.

water pollution therefore is caused primarily by the drainage of contaminated waste water
treatment is major element of water pollution control the first evidence of waste water
treatment is Believed to have been created by the Indus civilization around 2500 BC

Water treatment starts in ancient times Ancient Greek and Sanskrit writing dating as per
back as 2000 BC recommended methods for water treatment even then people knew that water
could be purified with heat and they practice sand and gravel filtration boiling and straining

Wastewater treatment process

Preliminary treatment

Several stories undergone incoming wastewater called influent flows into the facility
from the into the facility from the sewer system as wastewater enters the facility it passes
through bar screens to remove leaves

Primary treatment
 Next wastewater enters primary settling tanks where the flows of water slow down we
skim off the lighter solids that float such as grease and small plastic material

Secondary treatment

During secondary treatment we add air to aeration tanks to foster a healthy environment for
oxygen-loving microorganisms that are naturally present in the sewage

Introduction of waste water

Wastewater is the polluted from of water generated from rainwater runoff and human activities
it is also called sewage it is typically categorized.

Wastewater treatment was based on a 2 Stage process comprising of a primary & secondary
treatment system in primary treatment coarse debris and suspend solids were removed from the
wastewater and the remaining dissolved organic were degraded in a biological treatment phase
that used a Consortia of Bacteria that brought about the wastewater to a condition that was
suitable for River discharge

Sewage is a liquid containing waste which is disposed by household industrial and agriculture
activities in water it is harmful to discharged untreated sewage to discharge into river or seas
because it can pollute the whole sources of water sewage contains harmful substances and
disease causing

In 1804 the first actual municipal water treatment plant designed by Robert Thom was built in
Scotland the water treatment based on slow treatment sand filtration and horses and cart
distributed the water some three years later the first water pipes were installed

Wastewater generated

Wastewater is water generated after the use of freshwater raw material drinking water of saline
water in a variety of deliberate application or process

The first wastewater treatment plant was introduced in the early 18th century Robert
Thom in Scotland

The plant used slow sand filter for water purification and distribute the water through an early
sewer system to everyone within the city limits of paisley

Wastewater summary

Wastewater is polluted from of water generated from rainwater runoff and human activities it is
also called sewage it is typically categorized manner – specially as domestic sewage industrial
sewage or storm sewage (stormwater)

Product of Watewater

Biogas and

Sludge

Lead Acid Waste water treatment system

(Automatic) treatment system

New combination technology

1. PH modulating control and then carried by the slope tube sedimentation process to
achieved discharge water standard

2.Sludge dried by box- type filter press drying time is short with high efficiency

3.It can remove odor chroma and the residual turbidity

4.Low level-level protection detection of sewage pump outlet flow

On-line deduction of PH value

In the regulating start the mixer

 CHAPTER III
AN OVERVIEW OF THE
ORGANIZATION
Registered in 2017 ,India VANITEC PRIVATE LTD. has gained
immense expertise in supplying & trading of Water recycling plant, ro
water plant, drinking water plant etc.The supplier company is located in
Vaniyambadi, Tamil Nadu and is one of the leading sellers of listed
products. ..Manufacturer

Vanitec Limited is a public limited company based in Vaniyambadi, India

and it was incorporated officially on 01/07/1986. The corporate
identification number (CIN) of this company as per the official records is
U19119TN1986PLC013155 The company registration number is 013155.
Its email address is vanitec@gmail.com and its registered office address
is 183, CUTCHERY ROAD EXTENTION,VALAYAMPET,Vaniyambadi,Tamil
Nadu,INDIA,635751.

Vanitec Limited is registered at Registrar of Companies, Chennai(RoC-

Chennai). The company has 11 directors on board

Vanitec Limited is a manufacturer company with the industrial and NIC /

SIC code of 19119 as per the official records. The company was
registered in the year 1986 its authorized share capital is INR
600,000,000 and paid up capital is INR 432,717,312. The company's
business is based in the city of Vaniyambadi. The company is duly
registered at Registrar of Companies, Chennai (RoC-Chennai) and is
classified as the Indian Non-Government

The major activities of this company as per the listed official records are
Leather nec, curing &finishing,Leathernec, embossing,Leathernec,
japanning,Leathernec, other tanning,#Other tanning, curing, finishing,
embossing and japanning of leather

Vanite
c Limited is an Indian public company incorporated on 01/07/1986 The
company's Annual General Meeting (AGM) was last held on 2015-09-02
and its balance sheet was last filed on 2015-03-31. The current age of
the company as per its registration date is 36 Years 9 Months 16 Days
and is classified as the Indian Non-Government Company.Vanitec
Limited is a manufacturer company with the National Industrial
Classification (NIC) code of 19119. Based on this activity code, the
company is involved in the business activities such as Leather nec, curing
&finishing,Leathernec, embossing,Leathernec, japanning,Leathernec,
other tanning,#Other tanning, curing, finishing, embossing and japaThe
Board oversees the day-to-day operation and maintenance of the
Common Effluent Treatment Plants throughA Plant Manager who has an
able team of qualified engineers and chemists supervising a dedicated
group of electrical, instrumentation, process and mechanical engineers
alongwith general workmen operating on a 24-7-365 schedule.
Administrative and accounting staff are available to take care of
documentation and billings and the total personnel strength is 100.nning

of leather -
Primary Stage
- For removal of coarse debris and suspended solids-Secondary Stage
- For the degradation of dissolved organics in the wastewater and thereby making it relatively
benign
- Based on Membrane Bio Reactor technology

- Final Stage
- Evaporation of 30% of the balance of �rejects� in a multiple-effect evaporator for
crystallization of the inorganic salts that would go for storage or for possible reuse

CHAPTER IV
DATA ANALYSIS
 AND
INTERPRETATION

Data Analysis and Interpretations

Introduction:Abstract
Once the field data have been collected for a specific project, attention turns to the methods for the
analysis of the data and the presentation of the results. Two very important points must be stressed
immediately:

1.The data should have been collected with the techniques of analysis and presentation in mind. This
emphasizes the importance of careful planning of the complete project. Data should not be gathered
without prior thought about suitable methods for tabulation and graphical and statistical analyses;

2. In many cases the objective of a study is to test a hypothesis (Section 1.3) on some wider data set.
Analysis of data collected for this purpose requires the use of inferential statistical methods and in this
case the data must be collected to be representative of this more general context.
Data Analysis and Interpretation

Data analysis and interpretation is the next stage after collecting data from empirical methods.
The dividing line between analysis of data and interpretation is difficult to draw as the two processes are
symbolical and merge imperceptibly. Interpretation is inextricably interwoven with analysis.
The analysis Is a critical examination of the assembled data. Analysis of data leads to generalization.
Interpretation refers to the analysis of generalization and results. A generalization involves concluding a
whole group or category based on information drawn from particular instances or examples.
Interpretation is a search for the broader meaning of research findings. Analysis of data is to be made
regarding the purpose of the study.

Data should be analyzed in light of hypothesis or research questions and organized to yield answers to
the research questions.
The Analysis of Wastewater

Wastewater is produced from various industrial processes such as mining, power generation, petroleum
refineries, breweries, dairy processing, chemical production, food production and many more.

Most industries are now required to treat their wastewater on site before it is discharged to river or
sewer (to meet a discharge consent limit), but this treatment will vary depending on the contaminants
present. Domestic wastewater will include both sewage and ‘grey’ water, such as outflow from baths and
washing machines, and underground pipes will collect the wastewater, which ends up at a centralised
urban wastewater treatment works (UWwTW).

Wastewater can be defined as water which is of no further immediate value to the purpose for which it
was used or in the pursuit of which it was produced, because of its quality. However, it is possible that
wastewater from one producer can be used as a potential supply to another organisation. Typical
methods of treatment include chemical immobilisation, neutralisation and precipitation. Three broad
types of treatment are distinguished: primary, secondary and tertiary.

Primary treatment
Treatment of wastewater by a physical and/or chemical process involving settlement of suspended solids,
or other process in which the Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) of the incoming wastewater is reduced by
at least 20% before discharge, and the total suspended solids content is reduced by at least 50%.

Secondary treatment
Post-primary treatment of wastewater by a process generally involving biological or other treatment with
a secondary settlement or other process, resulting in a BOD reduction of at least 70% and the Chemical
Oxygen Demand (COD) reduction of at least 75%.

Tertiary treatment of public wastewater

Treatment (additional to secondary treatment) of nitrogen and/or phosphorus, and/or any other
pollutant affecting the quality of a specific use of water, e.g. microbiological pollution, colour etc.

For organic pollution, the treatment efficiencies that define a tertiary treatment are the following: organic
pollution reduction of at least 95% for BOD, and 85% for COD, and at least one of the following:

Nitrogen reduction of at least 70%

Phosphorus reduction of at least 80%
Microbiological reduction achieving a faucal coliform density of < 1000 in 100 ml
Addition, specific industrial effluents may require additional treatment for specific determinants that may
not be common in most wastewaters.
In all cases, the treated wastewater will require testing to ensure it is suitable for discharge and meets the
requirements of the regulators. The Environment Agency produced an MCERTs standard entitled:
Performance Standard for Organizations Undertaking Sampling and Chemical Testing of Water (v.2 2013)
and organizations should comply with this standard. MCERTs stands for the Monitoring Certification
Scheme and several of these standards were published covering air monitoring, soil analysis, and one for
the monitoring equipment itself, which is also relevant to the wastewater industry.
 CHAPTER V
SUMMARY AND
CONCULSION

SUMMARY &CONCLUSION

Summary and Conclusion are two terms that are often used in academic writing. A summary is
a concise statement or account of the main points of a text. A conclusion is the end of a
chapter or text. The main difference between Summary and Conclusion lies in their purpose.
The main aim of a summary is to sum up the main points whereas the aim of a conclusion is to
conclude the text smoothly. Based on these different purposes, different fea tures can be seen in
these two components

CONCLUSION
A conclusion is an essential part of any document. A good conclusion Is both interesting and attractive;
it should give the reader a good impression of the whole document. A conclusion should contain a
summary of the main points, deductions made on the basis of the main points, solutions to the
problems discussed in the text, findings, and recommendations. It is also important to write whether
the purpose of the research has been achieved.

Wastewater can be defined as water which is of no further immediate value to the purpose for which it
was used or in the pursuit of which it was produced, because of its quality. However, it is possible that
wastewater from one producer can be used as a potential supply to another organisation. Typical
methods of treatment include chemical immobilisation, neutralisation and precipitation. Three broad
types of treatment are distinguished: primary, secondary and tertiary.

1. Primary treatment
Treatment of wastewater by a physical and/or chemical process involving settlement of
suspended solids, or other process in which the Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) of
the incoming wastewater is reduced by at least 20% before discharge, and the total
suspended solids content is reduced by at least 50%.

Post-primary treatment of wastewater by a process generally involving biological or

other treatment with a secondary settlement or other process, resulting in a BOD
reduction of at least 70% and the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) reduction of at
least 75%.

2. Secondary treatment
Tertiary treatment of public wastewater
Treatment (additional to secondary treatment) of nitrogen and/or phosphorus, and/or any
other pollutant affecting the quality of a specific use of water, e.g. microbiological pollution,
colour etc.

For organic pollution, the treatment efficiencies that define a tertiary treatment are the
following: organic pollution reduction of at least 95% for BOD, and 85% for COD, and at least
one of the following:

Nitrogen reduction of at least 70%

Phosphorus reduction of at least 80%
Microbiological reduction achieving a faecal coliform density of < 1000 in 100 ml
Addition, specific industrial effluents may require additional treatment for specific
determinant’s that may not be common in most wastewaters.

In all cases, the treated wastewater will require testing to ensure it is suitable for discharge and meets
the requirements of the regulators. The Environment Agency produced an MCERTs standard entitled:
Performance Standard for Organisations Undertaking Sampling and Chemical Testing of Water (v.2

2013) and organisations should comply with this standard. MCERTs stands for the Monitoring
Certification Scheme and several of these standards were published covering air monitoring, soil
analysis, and one for the monitoring equipment itself, which is also relevant to the wastewater
industry