Kushaan Sethi

Meghna Bhadauria

Academic Writing

6th April ,2023

Chapter 3 - FROM TOPIC TO QUESTIONS

Formulating researching questions -:

 The chapter discusses how to formulate research questions by asking "what" and
"how" questions, determining the main topic of the study, and progressing from
broad to more precise inquiries.
 Emphasizes the significance of formulating focused, pertinent questions that can
effectively direct the research process.
 The topic should be separate from the subject.
 A topic is something that you find useful and is included in the subject whereas a
subject is a much broader term.
 When you decide to choose a topic, narrow down what you think is relevant, what
excites you about the topic and finally what you might think the readers would
appreciate.

Converting Questions into Problems -:

 It covers how to recognize a problem from research questions.

 Investigate various viewpoints on the problem.
 Limit the problem's scope.
 This method helps in making sure that the research problem is clearly defined and
manageable.

Cementing the research problem -:

 Creating a problem statement

 Assessing the problem statement
 By following this procedure, the research problem is more likely to be stated clearly,
specifically, and relevantly.

More details focused on the question -:

 Try to ask questions which will give you an answer. Preferably an answer you want.
 Create questions like "who," "what," "when," "where," "how," and "why" to help
you find the data you require.
 Questions such as "What If," "The History of Your Topic," "Its Structure and
Composition," and "How Your Topic Is Categorized." and Other Uncertain Questions,
as Suggestions by Your Sources.
  Combine and compress the questions which seem the most important.
 Do not forget to think about your “So What” question.
 List down your topic, ask a question and answer So what?

Chapter 4: FROM A PROBLEM TO A RESEARCH PROPOSAL

Writing a research proposal -:

 This section discusses the significance of getting ready by comprehending the

purpose of the proposal, outlining its format, and creating a timeline for the study.
 It emphasizes how crucial it is to plan and organize the research project to
guarantee its success.

Introduction -:

 By defining the research problem, highlighting its importance, and going over the
research context, this section focuses on how to write the introduction of a research
proposal.
 It helps in grasping the interest of the readers.
 It will give them clear idea of how relevant the topic is and what the purpose of the
topic is.

Literature -:

 Review literature for pertinent material.

 Identifying the gaps if there are any.
 Making sure that this literature adds value.

Dividing Conceptual and Practical Problems -:

 Practical problem is caused by certain factors in the world can called a practical
problem.
 Conceptual problem is caused by certain costs and consequences.
 Practical Problem is solved by mitigating that factor/condition.
 Conceptual Problem is solved by answering a question.
 Condition for practical problem is that a condition which imposes costs is a bigger
problem than the condition.
 Condition for conceptual problem is that the condition is always not knowing or
understanding something.

Pure and Applied Research -:

 Pure - Only refers to understanding and has no bearing whatsoever on any real-
world circumstances.
  Applied - This term refers to knowledge and action that has real-world implications.

Conclusion -:

 This section explains how to write a research proposal conclusion by summarizing

the proposal, outlining potential implications of the research, and going over its
limitations.
 The research project, its potential contributions to the field are better because of a
conclusion.