Componentes

ortogonales =
componentes normales

< 𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧 >.
 𝑧 = 15
−1
15
𝑣 =7 5 𝛾 = cos
𝛾 =? 7 5

𝑧 𝛾 = 16,601549
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛾 = →𝐴
𝑣

15
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛾 =
7 5
 𝑦=4
−1
4
𝑣 =7 5 𝛽 = cos
𝛽 =? 7 5

𝑧 𝛽 = 75,1937 → 𝐵
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛽 =
𝑣

4
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛽 =
7 5
 𝑥=2 −1
2
𝑣 =7 5 𝛼 = cos
7 5
𝛼 =?
𝛼 = 82,65 → 𝐶
𝑥
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 =
𝑣

2
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 =
7 5
Para el vecto |F|=100N
𝐹𝑥 𝐹𝑥
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 = 𝐹𝑥 = 𝐹 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼
|𝐹| |𝐹|

𝐹𝑌 𝐹 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 = 𝐹𝑥 𝐹𝑦 = |𝐹|𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛽
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛽 =
|𝐹|
𝐹𝑧 = |𝐹|𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛾
𝐹𝑍
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛾 =
|𝐹|
 𝐹 = 100𝑁
𝛼 = 82,65
𝛽 = 75,1937
𝛾 = 16,601549

𝐹𝑥 = 𝐹 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 𝐹𝑦 = |𝐹|𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛽 𝐹𝑧 = |𝐹|𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛾

𝐹𝑥 = 100 cos(82,65) 𝐹𝑦 = 100𝑁 cos 75,1937 𝐹𝑧

= |100𝑁|cos(16,601549
𝐹𝑥 = −12,79𝑁 𝐹𝑦 = −25,5555
𝐹𝑧 = −95,831
Comprobar.
𝐹 = 12,79 2 + 25,5555 2 + 95,831 2

𝐹 = 100.001
Cosenos directores de la fuerza F=100N
𝐹𝑥 −12,79𝑁
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 = = = −0,1279
|𝐹| 100

𝐹𝑦 −25,5555
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛽 = = = −0,2555
|𝐹| 100

𝐹𝑍 −95,831
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛾 = = = −0,95831
|𝐹| 100
2do. Punto. Vector unitario.

𝒂
𝒖=
|𝒂|

𝒖 = 𝒗𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒐𝒓 𝒖𝒏𝒊𝒕𝒂𝒓𝒊𝒐.
𝒂 = 𝒗𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒐𝒓 < 𝒙, 𝒚, 𝒛 >
𝒂 = 𝒎𝒐𝒅𝒖𝒍𝒐 𝒐 𝒍𝒐𝒏𝒈𝒊𝒕𝒖𝒅

DATOS.
𝒂 = 𝟐𝟏𝒍𝒃
¿El vector unitario del amarillo es el
mismo vector unitario del azul?
 𝒖|𝒂| = 𝒂

|𝑭| = 𝟐𝟏𝑳𝒃
𝟐 𝟔 𝟑
Ԧ
𝐹 =< − , , − > (𝟐𝟏)
𝟐 𝟔 𝟑 𝟕 𝟕 𝟕
𝒖 =< − , , − >
𝟕 𝟕 𝟕
2 21 6 21 3 21
𝐹Ԧ = − , ,−
7 7 7

𝐹Ԧ = −6,18, −9
 𝒂
𝒖=
|𝒂|

𝒖 =?
𝒂 =< −𝟐, 𝟔, −𝟑 >

𝒂 = −𝟐 𝟐 + 𝟔 𝟐 + −𝟑 𝟐

𝑎 = 4 + 36 + 9

𝒂 =𝟕
 𝒂
𝒖=
|𝒂|

𝒂 =< −𝟐, 𝟔, −𝟑 >

𝒂 =𝟕

< −𝟐, 𝟔, −𝟑 >

𝒖=
𝟕

𝟐 𝟔 𝟑
𝒖 =< − , , − >
𝟕 𝟕 𝟕
3Punto

𝑎 ∙ 𝑏 = |𝑎||𝑏|𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃

Datos. 𝑎 ∙ 𝑏 = 250𝑁 𝑃𝑅 cos 25

𝑎 = 250𝑁 𝑎 ∙ 𝑏 = 226,577|𝑃𝑅|
𝑏 = 𝑃𝑅
𝜃 = 25°
3Punto

𝑎 ∙ 𝑏 = |𝑎||𝑏|𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃

Datos. 𝑎 ∙ 𝑏 = 250𝑁 𝑅𝑄 cos 20

𝑎 = 250𝑁 𝑎 ∙ 𝑏 = 234,923|𝑅𝑄|
𝑏 = 𝑅𝑄
𝜃 = 20°
4Pto 𝐹𝑦 = 100𝑁
F𝑧 = −30𝑁
|𝐹| = 115,47
𝛼 =?
𝛽 = 30°
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛽 = cos 30°
𝛾 =?
𝐹𝑦
𝐹𝑦 |𝐹| =
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛽 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛽
𝐹𝑥 |𝐹|
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 =
|𝐹| 100𝑁
𝐹𝑦 |𝐹|𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛽 = 𝐹𝑦 |𝐹| =
cos(30°)
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛽 =
|𝐹|
𝐹𝑦
𝐹𝑍 |𝐹| = |𝐹| = 115,47
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛾 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛽
|𝐹|
 𝐹𝑦 = 100𝑁
4Pto F𝑧 = −30𝑁
𝐹𝑥 = 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥
|𝐹| = 115,47
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 =?
𝛽 = 30°
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛽 = cos 30° =
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛾 = 105,058
𝐹𝑥
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 = 𝐹𝑍 −30𝑁
|𝐹| 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛾 = = =
𝐹𝑦 |𝐹| 115,47
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛽 =
|𝐹|
𝐹𝑍
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛾 =
|𝐹|