MODUL BIMBINGAN EMaS 2007

Module 5

JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANU

BIMBINGAN EMaS TAHUN 2007

CHEMISTRY
FORM 4

MODULE 5
ELECTROCHEMISTRY ACID AND BASES SALTS MANUFACTURED SUBSTANCES IN INDUSTRY
PANEL
EN. CHE MALEK HJ. MAMAT TN. HJ. JAAFAR BAJURI TN. HJ. WAN RUSLI WAN SULAIMAN EN. ZULKIFLI ABDULLAH PN. HJH. NOR PAIZAH HASSAN SBPI BATU RAKIT, KUALA TERENGGANU SM SAINS SULTAN MAHMUD, K. TRG SMKA SHEIKH ABD. MALEK, K. TRG SMKA TOK JIRING, KUALA TERENGGANU SM TEKNIK BESUT, BESUT

MODUL BIMBINGAN EMaS 2007

Module 5

Figure 1 shows the flow chart for the industrial manufacture of sulphuric acid.
Process I Process II Process III Process IV

SO3

H2S2 O7

H2SO4

FIGURE 1 (a) Name the process of manufacturing sulphuric acid. .. [1 mark] (b) Name the substance W .. [1 mark] (c) State the temperature, pressure and catalyst for the reaction in process II Temperature : Pressure : ... Catalyst : [3 marks] (d) Write the chemical equation for the reaction in process III .. [1 mark] Give two uses of sulphuric acid. .. [2 marks] (f) Fibreglass is used in the making of helmets (i) What element does fibreglass consist of? . What property makes it suitable for the above purpose? . [2 marks]

(e)

(ii)

MODUL BIMBINGAN EMaS 2007

Module 5

Table 2 shows Experiments I and II in the preparation of a salt. Experiment Method

10 cm of 0.2 mol dm le ad(II) nitrate

-3

20 cm of 0.2 mol dm sodium(II) chloride

-3

II

Zinc in excess
10 cm of 0.2 mol dm hydrochloric acid
3 -3

TABLE 2 (a) (i) State one observation in experiment I. . [1 mark] Name the product that you have mentioned in (a)(i) . [1 mark] Write the ionic equation for the reaction that takes place in Experiment I . [1 mark] State the type of reaction in the preparation of salt in Experiment I

(i)

(iii)

(iv)

. [1 mark] (b) Based on Experiment II: (i) State the reason why zinc powder is added in excess. . [1 mark]

MODUL BIMBINGAN EMaS 2007

Module 5

(ii)

State how the excess zinc powder can be separated from the products. . [1 mark] Write the chemical equation for the reaction that takes place in Experiment II. . [2 marks] Calculate the maximum mass of the salt formed. Relative atomic mass of Zn = 65, Cl = 35.5, H = 1

(iii)

(iv)

[3 marks]

Figure 3 shows the set-up of apparatus to investigate the electrolysis of a dilute aqueous copper(II) sulphate solution.

copper

carbon

copper(II) sulphate solution

FIGIRE 3 (a) Write the formulae of all the ions present in the copper(II) sulphate solution ................................................................................................................................. [1 mark] (b) Identify the anode and the cathode. The anode : ............................................................................................................. The cathode : ............................................................................................................ [1 mark]

MODUL BIMBINGAN EMaS 2007

Module 5

(c)

Write the half equation for the reaction at : (i) electrode copper : ................................................................................................ (ii) electrode carbon : ................................................................................................ [2 marks]

(d) State two differences that can be observed if the copper electrode is replaced with carbon electrode, explain your answer ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... [4 marks] (e) A student wants to electroplate a metal spoon with copper, draw a diagram of the apparatus that the student should use.

[2 marks]

MODUL BIMBINGAN EMaS 2007

Module 5

A student set up a daniell cell as shown in Figure 4

V Cu Zn

Zinc Sulphate solution

Zinc Sulphate solution

FIGURE 4 (a) (i) (ii) State two mistakes that the student has made and how would you correct the students mistakes. You are provided with a porous pot. Draw a diagram to show how you would modify the students Daniell cell. [6 marks] (b) Table 4 shows the results of two experiments. Experiment I II Procedure Metal X is added to copper(II) sulphate solution Metal Y is added to copper(II) sulphate solution TABLE 4 Observation Brown deposited is formed. The blue solution turns colourless. No Change

(i) (ii)

Explain why there is a difference in observations in Experiment I and II. Arrange in descending order, metals X, Y and copper based on the electropositivity of the metals [6 marks]

(c)

Dilute Sodium nitrate is electrolysed using carbon electrode. Describe the reactions occur in the electrolytic cell. Your explanation should include the half equations take place at the electrodes [8 marks]

MODUL BIMBINGAN EMaS 2007

Module 5

(a)

What is meant by salt. [2 marks]

(b)

Figure 5 shows an incomplete flow chart of cation and anion tests for salt Y. Salt Y

Cation test

Anion test

Fe3 + FIGURE 5

CO32-

Complete the flow chart to confirm that salt Y contains Fe3 ions and CO3 2ions. Your unswer should include observations. [8 marks] (c) You are required to prepare dry Aluminium chloride salt. The chemicals supplied are Aluminium sulphate solution Dilute hydrochloric acid Sodium carbonate solution Describe a laboratory experiment to prepare that salt. In your description, include the chemical equations involved. [10 marks]

MODUL BIMBINGAN EMaS 2007

Module 5

A student has carried out an experiment to compare the hardness of copper and bronze. The experiment was carried out according to the following steps:

Metre ruler

Thread Weight

Retort stand Steel ball bearing

Cellophane tape Copper block FIGURE 6 Step 1: A steel ball bearing is taped onto a copper block. Step 2: A 1 kg weight is hung at a height of 50 cm above the copper block as shown in Figure 2.1. Step 3: The weight is allowed to drop onto the ball bearing. Step 4: The diameter of the dent made on the copper block was measured. Step 5: Steps 1 to 4 are repeated on two other parts of the copper block in order to obtain an average value for the diameter of dents formed. Step 6: Steps 1 to 5 are repeated by replacing the copper block with bronze block. Table 6.1 shows the recorded diameter of dents formed on the blocks. Type of block Copper Bronze Diameter of dents / mm II 3.50 2.45 TABLE 6.1 Average diameter of dent / mm 3.50 2.50

I 3.60 2.50

III 3.70 2.55

MODUL BIMBINGAN EMaS 2007

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Module 5

(a)

State the hypothesis for this experiment. [3 marks]

(b)

Complete Table 6.2 based on the experiment. Name of variables Action to be taken (i) Method to manipulate variable:

(i)

Manipulated variable: . .

(ii)

Responding variable:

(ii) What to observe in the responding variable:

. . (iii) Controlled variable: . .

(iii) Method to maintain the controlled variable: TABLE 6.2 [6 marks]

(c)

Based on the data in Table 2.2, compare the hardness of copper and bronze. Explain why there is a difference in hardness. [3 marks]

(d)

Based on the experiment, what is your conclusion about alloy? [3 marks]