Alrefak University

Petrol Engineering
Drilling Engineer

Title: MUD Weighting

Experiment:1
Group (A)
Name: mohammed salah zendah
The Goal Of The Experiment:
The Main Goal Of The Experiment Is To Construct A Model Clay With A Given
Density And Then Alter Its Physical Characteristics (Density) By Adding A Small
Quantity Of Barite And Bentonite.

Introduction:
A Weight Of Mud Per Unit Volume Is Referred To As Drilling Mud Or Mud Density.
It's One Of The Vital Drilling Fluids Since It Regulates Formation Pressure And
Keeps It Stable, Which Also Aids In Well Stability. The Theory Behind It Is That It
Functions By Keeping The Excised Region As A Trap To Prevent The Hydrocarbon
From Washing Out.

Other Than Those Already Mentioned, The Drilling Mud Has Various Benefits,
Including:

1. Take Cuttings Out Of The Well.

2. Regulate The Formation Pressures.
3. Reduce Environmental Impact.
4. Minimize Rusting.
5. Sealable Materials
6. Let The Drilling Bit Cool And Lube It.

Pounds Per Gallon (PPG), Pounds Per Cubic Foot (Lb / Ft3), Or Grams Per Milliliter
(B / Ml) Are Used To Determine The Density Of Mud.

A Common Tool Called A Mud Balance Is Used To Assess Mud Density; Nevertheless,
The Mud Density Shouldn't Be Too High Or Low To Avoid Extremely Invasive
Organisms From Entering The Formation Or Causing It To Lose Circulation. Bentonite
Clay Is The Suggested Material For Drilling Mud And Has Several Uses.

Tools To Experiment:

Materials :
Bentonite Clay ( 25 Lb / Bbl ) , Water ( 8.33 Lb / Gal ), Barite (60 Ib/Ibb ).

1
Apparatus:
• Mud balance

• Sensitive balance

• Lab Spatula

2
• Paper Nomination

• Soil Dispersion Mixer

3
• marsh hunisi

Calibration:
Before using clay for measurement, the clay balance must be calibrated in order to
determine whether or not it is working properly.
The following stages are some techniques to calibrate the slurry balance:
1. Remove the cover, clean the cup thoroughly and dry it, make sure there are no
contaminants inside, and then pour distilled water into it.
2. Then put the cover back on and clean it to dry.
3. Adjust the balance arm into position and check to ensure that the knife edge is
positioned correctly on the fulcrum.
4. Now, when the rider puts 8,33, the level inside the glass should be in the
center. If it does not, the instrument must be serviced because it is inaccurate.

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this form is A balance is a tool for assessing density, and it has the seven
components listed above.

Procedure:
1. Measure the water density using the 4 units , tabulated results.

2. Measure the mud density of the pre-mix mud using the 4 units, tabulated and
compare results. (the pre-mix mud is prepared using 25lb/bbl bentonite only).

3. Add 15 grams /350cc barite to sample of the pre-mix mud, measure its density
using the 4 units, tabulate and compare results with the results of step 1 and 2

4. Add 20 grams/350cc barite to sample of the pre-mix mud, measure its density
the 4 units, tabulate and compare results with the results of step1 and 2

5. Add 25 grams/350cc barite to sample of the pre-mix mud, measure its density
the 4 units, tabulate and compare results with the results of step1 and 2

5
Calculate:

Calculate the mud hydrostatic pressure at 10,000 ft (TVD) using the mud density

Measured from step 1 to 5. And calculate the pressure gradient

𝑃 = 0.052 × 𝑃𝑀𝑈𝐷 × 𝑇𝑉𝐷

𝑃 = 0.052 × 9.18 × 10000

𝑃 = 4773.6 𝑝𝑠𝑖

Result:

Conclusion:

One of the most crucial applications employed at drilling sites, mud weight balance has
many benefits as we already explained. The purpose of this event was to balance clay
weights in order to keep configuration pressure constant. Engineers must be able to
balance the weight of clay by doing some calculations and activities, calibrating and
using all tools necessary to do so, and becoming more proficient when mixing and
preparing ingredients to avoid any mistakes that can affect the outcome.

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Calculate the sacks of barite required to increase the
density of 1000 bbls mud From 9.0 ppg to 12.0 ppg if each
sack contains 100 pounds?

𝑣1 𝑝1 + 𝑣𝑠 𝑝𝑠 + 𝑣𝑓 𝑝𝑓 , 𝑣𝑓 = (𝑣1 +𝑣𝑠 )

(1000 × 9) + (𝑣𝑠 × 34.9) = (1000 + 𝑣𝑠 )12

900 + 34.9𝑣𝑠 = 12000 + 12𝑣𝑠

22.9𝑣𝑠 = 3000

𝑣𝑠 = 131 𝑏𝑏𝑙𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑒

131 × 14.7 = 1925.76 𝑠𝑎𝑐𝑘𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑡

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It is planned to drilling formation having
4000 psi pressure at9000ft.with250 psi overbalance.
Determine:
a.The required mud density.
b.The equivalent mud density of the
250 psi overbalance.

𝑝 = 0.052 × 𝑝𝑚𝑢𝑑 × 𝑡𝑣𝑑

(4000 + 250) = 0.052 × 𝑝𝑚𝑢𝑑 × 9000

4250
𝑎) 𝑝𝑚𝑢𝑑 = = 9.081 𝑝𝑝𝑔
0.052 × 9001

250 × 9.081
𝑏) 𝑝𝑚𝑢𝑑 (250𝑝𝑠𝑖 ) = = 0.534 𝑝𝑝𝑔
4250

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What is the purpose of adding ?
Barite :

It is a mineral composed of barium sulfate. Barite is often white or colorless, and is

mixed with anglesite and celestine. Baritene or barium sulfate is a high density,
colorless or white mineral that can have slight tinges to yellow, brown, green, red,
tan, or gray.
With increased baret concentration becomes more viscous. So the results showed
that the barite concentration affects the density of drilling clay as well as on the riot
characteristics .

Bentonite :
It is used to raise the viscosity and contribute to the formation of mud cake, which
is a thin layer formed by the drilling fluid on the inner wall of the well, protecting
it from precipitation. This material works in fresh water, and in the case of salt
water, we use Attapulgite .

What is the chemical formula of ?

Barite.
BaSO4

Calcium carbonate .
CaCO3