Organic Reactions

SUBSTITUTION(SET 1)
Nucleophiliv It

018_K =Co-
②
+
H

* xo DH

H
o I CH
is
H
Reactant
PRODUCT

Nucleophilic Substitution
⑬
-
.--c]
post
a.... When electron-rich species
as in (nucleolphile) provides an electron pair
for bonding with the compound being
transformed, it is called nucleophilic ,
substitution

SET 2
I4
R-01 R-CI
Reactant Product

Electrophilic

R-Ol
At
DR-8A2 R8 Cls R-Cl
ELIMINATION (SET 1)

letis-1+
⑰
C13C
(CH3), 2016 + HC (CH3), (C1
= 6 1z0
.0:+
.e
:

DEAYDRATION
Reactant Product

It
+-butyl alcohol

EIMINATION
②
③
(213)32
(213) C"+ ici.
- (CH)s( : - H (C13), C"+H20
It dehydration method, there is the elimination of a
water molecule mostly from compounds such as
alcohol. Sometimes, this method is also called a
Beta elimination reaction where the leaving group
and H are placed at neighbouring carbon atoms.

SET 2

its elect als as (see

CHGC=
Product

C13
3 CI
8
↑ OH
I CH-C16
=

C1322 -

cits CACH-C-C

d
0 Itz
d
*
Fretrophilic
Electrophilic
Intermediate
ADDITION (SET1)
1 1 14 It
c- 16 1,2-dibromoethane
-
=
Br
+
-
Br H - - -

I
-A
1 Reactant Product Br Br

I ③

is--gr
⑪
17
14
Y= Br r= - 1 -

c -

2
-

ELECTROPHILIC
BrElectrophilic ir ir

ADDITION
SET 2 An electrophilic addition reaction can be described as an addition
reaction in which a reactant with multiple bonds as in a double or

chloride
triple bond undergoes its π bond broken and two new σ bonds are
Br

Cl6yCH
CH formed.
C3CH:CH2
tert-butyl
-

Reactant Product

216, CI*-
Intermediate
CH2
CH3CH= CH3
electrophilic
2163
-
④
CH -

CH3 Br*D CH3 -CH -

213
Electrophiliv Br
REARRANGEMENT
Br OA
Product

+ HBr
Reactant

Electrophilic
I ⑪
A

1620:
)
Nucleophilic Of

BrO
⑪ - D HBr
↓

BECkmann
Rearrangement
Beckmann rearrangement , an oxime is
converted to an amide . An oxime is

SET
easily obtained by treatment of

2 aldehyde or ketone with hydroxylamine.

The OH group of ketoximes can become
a leaving group. The Beckmann
rearrangement of cyclic oximes results

Hy
in lactams.

CH3

CHz -
- -

Be I/120p CH -

C -clb2 -Clb3
Reactant dis Product

I C13 Electrophilic CH3 C13

↑ b- cs-c-ce
p
Cit3 ⑪ 2

CH
DCHge
-

-
Be -

CH methyl ⑪
-

d
-

Shift
die Electrophilic
REFERENCES

Stephen Gibbings. (2018, January 10). Organic Lesson 8 Substitution, Addition, and Elimination Reactions [Video]. YouTube.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WAb0fCrO2Tc

Bhuyan, S. (2022, July 5). Elimination Reaction: Definition, Examples, Mechanism, and Applications. Chemistry Learner. https://www.chemistrylearner.com/
elimination-reaction.html

D. (2021, April 20). Write mechanism of the following reaction: CH3Cl+OH^- rarrCH3OH+Cl^- [Video]. Doubtnut. https://www.doubtnut.com/question-
answer-chemistry/write-mechanism-of-the-following-reaction-ch3cl-oh-rarrch3oh-cl--643852485

A. (2022, July 18). Elimination Reaction - E1 & E2 Reaction Mechanisms. BYJUS. https://byjus.com/chemistry/elimination-reaction/
#:~:text=Normally%2C%20elimination%20reactions%20are%20distinguished,Dehydrohalogenation