Made by: Cuña, Celine Diantha Z.
Lesson 6a: Fishes ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
I. True or False: Write T for True and F for False.
____1. Fishes form a monophyletic group.
____2. Fish can adjust to salt & water balance of the environment.
____3. Cartilaginous fishes are currently the most dominant fishes.
____4. “Fishes” refers to one or more individuals of one species;
“Fish” refer to more than one species.
____5. Earliest fish-like vertebrates were a paraphyletic group of
agnathan fishes.
____6. Mesozoic is called the Age of Fishes.
____7. Chondrichthyes have extensive calcification and true bones.
____8. Sharks have lidless eyes.
____9. Sharks have tough, leathery skin with ctenoid scales that
reduce water turbulence.
____10. Some sharks have external fertilization.
____11. Sharks are oviparous, viviparous and ovoviviparous.
____12. Animals from class Sarcopterygii lack teeth but have large
flat plates for crushing food.
____13. To keep from sinking, sharks must continually move forward.
____14. Most fish do not chew food since it would block water flow
across the gills. Instead, they swallow food whole.
____15. Some active fishes use ram ventilation because forward
movement isn’t sufficient enough to force water across gills.
____16. Most fish stop growing when they reach maturity.
____17. Growth in fishes is temperature dependent.
II. Identification: Write your answer on the blanks provided below.
1. A lateral line system detects water currents and vibrations, a
sense of ___________ ___________.
2. Agnathans do not have a vertebrae but have a _______________.
3. Acanthodians resemble bony fish but have __________ __________
on all fins except the caudal fin.
4. The body fluids of a hagfish are in ____________ _________________
with seawater.
5. Lamprey eggs hatch in two weeks into unique larvae called
____________________. The larva is a suspension-feeder until it
metamorphoses into an adult.
6. Cartilaginous fishes lost the heavy dermal armor and adopted
_______________ as the skeleton.
7. __________________ ________________ of ____________ offered a prize
over a century ago for information on hagfish breeding habits.
8. _______________ ____________ attach to a fish by a sucker-like mouth
and inject anticoagulants into a wound to promote flow of blood.
9. More than 1/2 of elasmobranchs are rays which are most
specialized for ____________ _________.
10. Sharks are among the most gracefully streamlined of fishes,
having bodies with a _______________ shape.
11. The front of a shark’s ventral mouth is the pointed ______________.
12. Shark tails have a longer upper lobe with a _____________ pattern
 Made by: Cuña, Celine Diantha Z.
13. Behind each shark eye is a _________________, a remnant of the IV. Fill the Tables: Fill in the following table with the correct answer.
first gill slit.
1-4. anadromous fishes catadromous fishes
14. Also called _____________________________, electroreceptors are
Lives in 1. 2.
located on the shark’s head and are used to detect electric fields.
saltwater/freshwater
15. Some oviparous sharks and rays lay a capsule or _______________
Spawns in 3. 4.
_____________ that catches onto kelp with tendrils. saltwater/freshwater
16. Bony fishes have ____________________ bones that replaces
cartilage developmentally.
5-6. saltwater fishes freshwater fishes
17, During the Paleozoic, the tail of lobe-finned fishes became
symmetrical with a continuous fin known as ________________________. hyperosmotic/ 5. 6.
hypoosmotic
Their skin was covered with heavy scales consisting of regulator
________________ overlaid by thin enamel.
18. The lateral force makes the fish’s head __________.
7-8. warmer fishes colder fishes
19. Euryhaline fishes live in _______________ where salinity fluctuates
Grow more/less 7. 8.
throughout the day. rapidly
20. Many of the plankton feeders swim in large schools and use
the _________ ___________ to strain food.
9-10. hagfishes lampreys

have/lack vertebrae 9. 10.

III. Enumeration: Enumerate what is asked of.
A. 5 Types of Animals according to their diet
1. __________________________________
11-13. lungfishes eels bowfins
2. __________________________________
3. __________________________________ Respiration via 11. 12. 13.
lungs/gills/swim
4. __________________________________ bladder
5. __________________________________
 Made by: Cuña, Celine Diantha Z.
V. Matching Type: Choices may be repeated. ____7. These fishes lack jaws, internal ossification, scales and
paired fins.
A. ray-finned fishes N. Osteichthyes
____8. Lampreys belong to this class.
B. lobe-finned fishes O. Actinopterygii
C. hagfishes P. Sarcopterygii ____9. This class has the 2nd largest living vertebrates.
D. lampreys Q. Holocephali ____10. This means “metal plate”.
E. gills R. Elasmobranch
____11. Although a smaller and more ancient group, this class has
F. operculum S. Squaliformes well-developed sense organs, powerful jaws and predaceous
G. enamel T. Carcharhinidae habits for their survival.
H. squaline U. Coelacanth ____12. Animals under this subclass (such as sharks, skates and
I. swim bladder V. teleosts rays) have 5-7 lateral to ventral gill openings on each side.
J. myomeres W. elasmos ____13. This means “dirty or filthy”.
K. Myxini X. branchus
____14. This means “gill”.
L. Cephalaspidomorphi Y. lamna
M. Chondrichthyes ____15. A large cosmopolitan family of sharks with no spines in the
Z. squalus dorsal fin.

____16. This means “fish of prey”.

____1. Hagfishes belong to this class.
____17. Chimeras belong to this class.
____2. These fishes have pore-like gill openings and an eel-like
body. ____18. This increases respiratory efficiency.

____3. These fishes radiated to form modern bony fishes.
____4. Cartilaginous fishes belong to this class.
____5. These fishes are a relict group with few species today, but
include the sister group of the tetrapods
____6. Fishes under this class are scavengers and predators of
annelids, molluscs, dead or dying fishes. They are nearly blind but
can locate food by an acute sense of smell and touch.
____19. Animals under this order have dorsoventrally flattened
bodies, 2 spiny dorsal fins, a sharp head, 5-7 gill slits but no anal
fin or nictitating membrane.
____20. Bony fishes belong to this class.
____21. These animals live in seas or swamps and constitute 96% of
all living fishes and half of all vertebrates.
____22. Ray-finned fishes belong to this class.
 Made by: Cuña, Celine Diantha Z.
____23. Lobe-finned fishes belong to this class. 3.

____24. These are zigzag bands that help arrange fish muscles.
They have the shape of a W on the side of the fish.

____25. This animal is a descendant of Devonian freshwater stock

with a diphycercal tail with a small lobe between the upper and
lower lobes.

____26. This is the most efficient flotation device.

____27. This is a fatty hydrocarbon that acts to keep sharks a little

buoyant. 4.

____28. These are filaments with thin epidermal membranes folded

into plate-like lamellae.

VI. Label the Diagrams: Fill in the blank boxes with the correct labels.
1.

2.