DP2 BIO - HL Name: _____________________________________________

Topic 4 & 9 – Paper 1

1. The diagram shows interactions between food chains in an ecosystem in the African savannah.

Which arrows indicate the flow of chemical energy? [1]

a) I and II only c) II and III only

b) I and III only d) I, II and III

2. In addition to carbon dioxide, which of these greenhouse gases is the most significant? [1]

a) Methane c) Nitrogen oxides

b) Ozone d) Water vapour

3. What is lost between trophic levels in ecosystems and cannot be recycled? [1]

a) Heat c) Carbon compounds

b) Nitrogen d) Biomass

4. What favours the production of peat? [1]

I. Presence of organic matter

II. Anaerobic conditions
III. Acidic conditions

a) I and II only c) II and III only

b) I and III only d) I, II and III

5. Global warming threatens the survival of Arctic foxes. Which of the following factors could be
involved? [1]

I. Competition with other fox species spreading north

II. Reduction in numbers of prey species of Arctic foxes
III. Decrease in oxygen availability to Arctic foxes
a) I only c) II and III only

b) I and II only d) I, II and III

6. The following diagram shows part of a food web from Yellowstone Park. [1]

What would be the short-term effects on the populations of the other species if the gray wolf were
exterminated?

Beaver Moose Elk Aspen

a) Increase Decrease Increase Increase

b) Decrease Decrease Decrease Decrease

c) Increase Increase Decrease Increase

d) Decrease Increase Increase Decrease

7. Two populations of the same fish species were fed different diets to investigate the effect of
differing nutrition on their growth. What is an appropriate method to determine the significance of
a resulting difference? [1]

a) Calculate the mean for each population

b) Calculate the standard deviation for each population

c) Graph the results

d) Perform a t-test
8. This graph shows variation in the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere as measured at Mauna
Loa in Hawai’i. The small inset graph shows the variations in CO2 during a one-year period.

What is the main cause of the increase in CO2 levels from 1960 to 2000? [1]

a) Burning fossil fuels

b) Destruction of the ozone layer

c) Increases in ultraviolet light penetrating the Earth’s atmosphere

d) Reforestation

9. Which statement describes the term species? [1]

a) Members of the same ecological community

b) Organisms that reproduce together to produce fertile offspring

c) Organisms of the same type in a population

d) The first word in the binomial name of an organism

10. What is a population? [1]

a) Organisms of the same genus living in an ecosystem

b) Organisms living together and interacting in the same habitat

c) Organisms of a species living together in the same area

d) Organisms that can breed together

11. At each trophic level energy is lost. How is this energy regained by the ecosystem? [1]

a) Heat c) Photosynthesis

b) Nutrients d) Recycling

12. Which represents a correct food chain from this web? [1]

a) stickleback → midge larva → unicellular algae

b) ciliates → Daphnia → stickleback → dragonfly nymph

c) diatom → midge larva → caddisfly larva → stickleback

d) filamentous algae → mayfly nymph → leech → stickleback

13. What do records from the twentieth and twenty-first century show about the concentration of
carbon dioxide in the atmosphere? [1]

a) An upward trend with annual fluctuations

b) An upward trend with no annual fluctuations

c) Annual fluctuations but no overall trend

d) Random fluctuations and no overall trend

14. Which of the following ecological units includes abiotic factors? [1]

a) A community c) A population

b) An ecosystem d) A trophic level

15. What is a difference between pollination and fertilization in flowering plants? [1]

a) Pollination is movement of pollen from one flower to another whereas fertilization occurs after
self-pollination.

b) Pollination is movement of seeds away from the parent plant whereas fertilization is union of
two seeds.

c) Pollination is movement of pollen from anther to stigma whereas fertilization depends on the
growth of a pollen tube from the stigma to the ovule.

d) Pollination is movement of pollen whereas fertilization is movement of gametes from flower to

flower.
16. What will happen to the food web below if the sea otter disappears? [1]

a) Large fish increase and sea urchins decrease

b) Abalones increase and sharks increase

c) Sea urchins increase and kelps decrease

d) Sea stars decrease and sharks increase

17. Which process and cause are responsible for water uptake by the roots? [1]

Process Cause

a) Simple diffusion Solute concentration in the root lower than in the soil

b) Osmosis Solute concentration in the root greater than in the soil

c) Osmosis Solute concentration in the root lower than in the soil

d) Cohesion Solute concentration in the root greater than in the soil

18. The micrograph shows the cross-section of the vascular tissue in a dicotyledonous root. Which
letter identifies phloem sieve tubes? [1]

a)

b)
c)

d)

19. Which is the most efficient way for some desert plants to conserve water? [1]

a) By having no leaves, so water evaporates from the green stem with less surface

b) By loading organic compounds in the phloem of the roots

c) By accumulating salt within their tissues, so water is retained by osmosis

d) By growing long hair on their surface, so air moisture is absorbed at night

20. Which abiotic factors affect transpiration in plants? [1]

a) temperature, humidity and wind c) light, pH and humidity

b) pH, temperature and salinity d) humidity, temperature and salinity

21. In a plant, what tissue(s) is/are specially adapted to transport sucrose? [1]

Cortex Phloem Xylem

a) ✓

b) ✓ ✓

c) ✓

d) ✓
22. What is a role of xylem? [1]

a) It absorbs minerals from the soil by active transport.

b) It translocates amino acids from source to sink.

c) It carries glucose to the leaves.

d) It contributes to the plant support with lignified walls.

23. The diagram below shows part of the vascular system of a dicotyledonous plant. Which process is
indicated by the arrows? [1]

a) Passive translocation of sucrose from the sink to the source in the phloem

b) Active translocation of sucrose from the source to the sink in the phloem

c) Passive translocation of sucrose from the sink to the source in the xylem

d) Active translocation of sucrose from the source to the sink in the xylem

24. How do mineral ions in the soil move into the root? [1]

a) Osmosis c) Translocation

b) Mass flow of water d) Through phloem

25. A fungicide dissolved in water was applied to the soil in which a rose plant was growing. It later
appeared in the leaves. How did the fungicide reach the leaves? [1]

a) Movement up a water potential gradient c) Translocation in phloem

b) Transpiration pull in xylem d) Facilitated diffusion

26. Which letter identifies phloem? [1]

a)

b)

c)

d)

27. Excessive irrigation can cause increased salinity in the soil. What effect does this have on water
transport in the plant roots? [1]

a) Decreases movement of water from soil into the root

b) Absorption of water with a higher solute concentration

c) Increases movement of water from soil into the root

d) Absorption of water with a lower solute concentration

28. Which process happens first during germination of a starchy seed? [1]

a) Formation of gibberellin

b) Production of amylase

c) Absorption of water

d) Conversion of starch into monosaccharides

29. Which flower structures are indicated by the letters Y and Z? [1]

Y Z

a) Ovule Filament

b) Ovule Style

c) Ovary Style

d) Ovary Filament

30. When a plant stem bends towards sunlight, what change does auxin promote in the cells on the side
of the stem away from the light? [1]

a) Translocation c) Cell elongation

b) Cell differentiation d) Transcription