Types of Bus Bar arrangements

 Single Bus Bar arrangements :

This system has only one bus bar and all the substat ion equipment like
transformer,circuit breaker, isolator, feeder are connects to only this bus bar.

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sectionalized single bus bar arrangement :
In this bus bar arrangement a circuit breaker and isolator is used to divide the bus bar
in two sections. The advantage of using sectionalized bus bar system is that faulty
section can be removed without effect ing the continuity of the supply.

 Main and transfer bus bar arrangement :

In this type of bus bar arrangement two types of bus bar mainly, auxiliary bus bar and
main bus bar used. Additional equipment known as a bus bar coupler is used as well.
Bus coupler is just a breaker which is used t o couple two bus bars in order to provide
maintenance for the devices connected to one bus bar while the other bus bar will be
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functional. The continuity of the supply remains the same even in the case of fault.
When the faults occurs in any one of the buses the entire load is shifted to another bus.

 Sectionalized double bus bar arrangement :

In this type of a bus bar arrangement, a sectionalized main bus bar is used alongwith
can the auxiliary bus bar. Any section of the main bus bar can be removed and its load
be transferred to the auxiliary bus bar. One can sectionalize the auxiliary bus bar as

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but it would increase the cost because of an additional bus coupler.

 One and a Half Breaker Arrangement :

I will discuss this bus bar arrangement in great det ail considering its importance as
this type of arrangement is frequently used as specially in high voltage i.e 400kV
switchyard .

In the figure above, CB stands for Circuit Breaker, LA for Lightening Arrestor, ES
for Earth Switch and DS for Disconnect Switch also called Isolator .

In One and Half Breaker Scheme, three breakers are connected between the two
buses. Each Breaker is provided with two Isolators and two Earth Switches. These
Isolators are provided to physically isolate the Circuit Breaker for maintenance. Earth
Switch ES is provided to ensure that isolated portion is effectively earthed. Earth
Switch shall be closed after the opening of Isolator .

One bay of three breakers is called Diagonal in One and Half Breaker Scheme. In
the figure, thus two Diagonals are shown. A feeder is connected in between the two
C. Notice that three Breakers are used in -B and CB-C & CB-A and CB- Breakers CB
this scheme to protect two Feeders and therefore it is called 3/2 i.e. One and Half
Breaker scheme .
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some interesting aspects of One and Half Breaker Scheme. Let us Let us consider
In this case protection shall open the .1- assume a fault in any one feeder say in Feeder
C & send Direct Trip signal to the Remote station through PLCC to -A and CB-CB
is still in 2-C are open, Feeder-A and CB-that even though CB isolate the fault. Mind
Thus One and Half Breaker scheme increases the reliability .2- service and fed by Bus
of Power System .

 Ring Main Bus bar arrangement :

In this type of bus bar arrangement the end of one bus bar is connected with the
starting of other bus bar in order to form a ring. Such type of arrangement will
provide two path for the supply thus the fault will not affect their working

 Mesh Arrangment :
are installed in form of the In this type of arrangement, circuit breaker are installed
mesh formed by the buses. Such arrangement is controlled by four circuit breakers
When fault occurs on any section, two circuit breakers have to be open resulting in the
opening of the mesh. Such type of arrangement provide security against bus bar
faults.

Eng Ahmed Osman

Eng Ahmed Osman