UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS 2021/2022 ACADEMIC YEAR

3RD YEAR EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF

EDUCATION

COURSE CODE/ TITLE: EPS B301: EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS

AND MEASUREMENT

END OF SEMESTER: II DURATION: 2 HOURS

DAY/TIME: THURSDAY 12.00 – 2.00 PM DATE: 24/03/22 (LIBRARY)

Instructions:
 Answer Question one plus any other Two –
 Relevant formulae and standard normal distribution are to be found at the back
of this Question paper.
 Scientific Calculators may be used in this examination.

QUESTION ONE (30 marks)

a. Colleges and Universities are requiring an increasing amount of information about
applicants before making acceptance decisions. Classify each of the following types
of data required on the application as quantitative or qualitative and also specify the
scale of measurement.
i. KCPE mean score
ii. KSCE mean grade
iii. Gender of the applicant
iv. Parents’ income in KSh,
v. Age of the applicant (5 marks)

b. Draw the following distributions and locate the measures of central tendency
(Mean, mode and Median) on them
i. Positively skewed distribution (1 mk)
ii. Normal distribution (1 m)
iii. Leptokurtic distribution (1 mk)
c. Explain any three (3) reasons why learner assessment is important to a teacher (3 mk)
d. A Table of Test specification is very important in educational testing. Justify (6 mks)
e. Explain why the proponents of CBC consider it unfair to make Pass/Fail judgment
solely on students’ summative evaluation (5 mks)
f. Differentiate between Oral tests and performance tests (4 mks)
g. Given the following scores: 8, 7, 9, 6, 8, 10, 9, 9, 5, 7
Find the
i. Mean (1 mk)
ii. Median (1 mk)
iii. Variance (2 mks)

1
QUESTION TWO (20 marks)

a. Describe the following three qualities of a good test using relevant examples
i. Objectivity (2 mks)
ii. Reliability (2 mks)
iii. Fairness (2 mks)
b. Define the term “Content Validity” as used in testing (2 mks)
c. Explain how a teacher can enhance content validity of a classroom achievement test.
(3 mks)
d. The following table illustrates the student enrollment by sex in 6 primary schools in
one of the counties in Kenya:

ENROLLMENT BY SEX
SCHOOL MALE FEMALE
A 300 120
B 170 150
C 60 160
D 70 59
E 310 250
F 386 146

Represent this information on a clustered bar chart (4 marks)

e. Given the following data:
36 – 40 6
31 – 35 7
26 – 30 8
21 – 25 12
16 – 20 9
11 – 15 7
6 – 10 6
1–5 5
i. Find the mode of the distribution (1 mk)
ii. Find the percentile rank of the score 27 (2 mks)
iii. Find the score value at P75 (2 mks)

QUESTION THREE (20 marks)

a. Given the following test scores:

61, 60, 50, 52, 58, 60, 51, 55, 68, 65, 62, 47, 39, 58, 42, 47, 42, 48, 48, 46, 55, 51, 58,
65, 45, 35, 43, 54, 52, 56, 46, 53, 34, 48, 50, 39, 59, 53, 52, 70.

i. Use 70 – 74 as the highest class interval to make a fully grouped frequency

distribution for the data (4 mks)
ii. Draw a histogram and super–impose a frequency polygon for the frequency
distribution made in (i). (5 mks)
iii. Draw a cumulative frequency (cf) curve and use it to find the median (4 mks)
b. Explain the concept of reliability in testing (2 mks)
c. Explain any two methods of estimating reliability (3 mks)
d. Describe any three factors that affect reliability of the test (2 mks)

2
QUESTION FOUR (20 marks)

(a) The mean score for 100 Form 1 students was 550, with a standard deviation of 70.
Calculate:
i) The number of candidates who scored between 400 and 500 (2 mks)
ii) The number of candidates who were awarded distinction if a score of 500 was
required to earn a distinction (2 mks)
iii) The pass-mark if 15% of the candidates failed (2 mks)
iv) Calculate the percentile rank of the student with a score of 600 on this distribution
(2 mks)
v) What was the score of a student at the 40th percentile rank (P40) (2 mks)
c. Differentiate between objective tests and essay tests using clear illustrations (3 mks)
d. Describe two (2) advantages each for using objective and essay tests in classroom
achievement tests (4 marks)
e. Explain any three (3) ways of improving objectivity in scoring essay questions. (3 mks)

QUESTION FIVE (20 marks)

a. Discuss the preference of criterion referenced mode of evaluation in CBC over the norm
referenced mode of evaluation (10 mks)

b. Given the following two sets of scores:

X Y
10 12
8 7
14 13
6 8
4 7
8 6
7 6
3 4
7 9
10 11

i. Draw and Describe the scatter diagram for this data. (3 mks)
ii. Find the Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (rxy) (4mks)
iii. Interpret the correlation obtained in b. (1 mk)
iv. Find r2 and interpret what it means from the above test scores (2 mks)