30/10/2022, 14:51 Microwave Engineering - H-Plane Tee

Microwave Engineering - H-Plane Tee

An H-Plane Tee junction is formed by attaching a simple waveguide to a rectangular waveguide

which already has two ports. The arms of rectangular waveguides make two ports called
collinear ports i.e., Port1 and Port2, while the new one, Port3 is called as Side arm or H-arm.
This H-plane Tee is also called as Shunt Tee.

As the axis of the side arm is parallel to the magnetic field, this junction is called H-Plane Tee
junction. This is also called as Current junction, as the magnetic field divides itself into arms.
The cross-sectional details of H-plane tee can be understood by the following figure.

The following figure shows the connection made by the sidearm to the bi-directional waveguide to
form the serial port.

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30/10/2022, 14:51 Microwave Engineering - H-Plane Tee

Properties of H-Plane Tee

The properties of H-Plane Tee can be defined by its [S]3×3 matrix.

It is a 3×3 matrix as there are 3 possible inputs and 3 possible outputs.

S11
⎡ S12 S13 ⎤
⎢ ⎥
[S] = ⎢ S21 S22 S23 ⎥ ........ Equation 1
⎣ S S32 S33 ⎦
31

Scattering coefficients S13 and S23 are equal here as the junction is symmetrical in plane.

From the symmetric property,

Sij = Sji

S12 = S21 S23 = S32 = S13 S13 = S31

The port is perfectly matched

S33 = 0

Now, the [S] matrix can be written as,

S11
⎡ S12 S13 ⎤
⎢ ⎥
[S] = ⎢ S12 S22 S13 ⎥ ........ Equation 2
⎣ S S13 0 ⎦
13

We can say that we have four unknowns, considering the symmetry property.

From the Unitary property

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30/10/2022, 14:51 Microwave Engineering - H-Plane Tee

[S][S]∗ = [I]

⎡ ∗
S11 ∗
S12 ∗ ⎤
S13
⎡ S11 S12 S13 ⎤ ⎡1 0 0⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
∗
S12 ∗
S22 ∗ ⎥
S13 = ⎢0 1 0⎥
S
⎢ 12
S22 S13 ⎥ ⎢
⎢ ⎥
⎣ S
13 S13 0 ⎦ ⎣
∗
S13 ∗
S13 0 ⎦ ⎣0 0 1⎦

Multiplying we get,

NotingRasrowandCascolumn

∗ + S S∗ + S S∗ = 1
R1 C1 : S11 S11 12 12 13 13

| S11 |2 + |S12 |2 + |S13 |2 = 1 ........ Equation 3

R2 C2 : |S12 |2 + |S22 |2 + |S13 |2 = 1 ......... Equation 4

R3 C3 : |S13 |2 + |S13 |2 = 1 ......... Equation 5

∗ − S S∗ = 0
R3 C1 : S13 S11 ......... Equation 6
13 12

2|S13 |2 = 1 or S13 = 1
2
......... Equation 7
√

| S11 |2 = |S22 |2

S11 = S22 ......... Equation 8

∗ + S∗
S13 (S11
From the Equation 6, 12 ) = 0

Since, ∗ + S∗ = 0, or S∗ = −S∗
S13 ≠ 0, S11 12 11 12

Or S11 = −S12 or S12 = −S11 ......... Equation 9

Using these in equation 3,

Since, ∗ + S∗ = 0, or S∗ = −S∗
S13 ≠ 0, S11 12 11 12

| S11 |2 + |S11 |2 + 1
2
=1 or 2|S11 |2 = 1
2
or S11 = 1
2
..... Equation 10

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30/10/2022, 14:51 Microwave Engineering - H-Plane Tee

From equation 8 and 9,

S12 = − 12 ......... Equation 11

1
S22 = 2
......... Equation 12

Substituting for S13 , S11 , S12 and S22 from equation 7 and 10, 11 and 12 in equation
2,

We get,

1
⎡
2
− 12 1
2
⎤
⎢ √ ⎥

[S] = ⎢ − 12 1 1
⎢ ⎥
2 √2 ⎥
⎢ 1 1 ⎥
⎣ 0 ⎦
√2 √2

We know that [b] = [s][a]

1
⎡
2
− 12 1 ⎤
⎡b1 ⎢⎤ √2 a1 ⎤
⎥ ⎡
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ 1 1 1 ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
b = ⎢−2
⎢ 2 ⎥ 2 √2⎥ ⎢
a 2 ⎥
⎣b ⎦ ⎢ 1 ⎥ ⎣
0 ⎦ a3
1 ⎦
3
⎣
2
√ √2

This is the scattering matrix for H-Plane Tee, which explains its scattering properties.

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