I.

Introduc on
Atmanirbhar Bharat, also known as "Self-Reliant India," is an economic
campaign launched by the Indian government in 2020. The campaign aims to
promote domes c manufacturing and reduce import dependency in various
sectors, such as agriculture, healthcare, and electronics. Atmanirbhar Bharat is
part of the government's larger goal of making India a $5 trillion economy by
2025. This project aims to analyse the concept and evolu on of Atmanirbhar
Bharat, examine the key policies and schemes under it, evaluate its impact on
various sectors, and explore its interna onal repercussions.

II. Atmanirbhar Bharat: The Concept and its Evolu on

The concept of self-reliance has been an important aspect of India's economic
policy since independence. The Atmanirbhar Bharat campaign was launched in
May 2020 by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, in response to the COVID-19
pandemic and its impact on the Indian economy. The campaign aims to make
India self-reliant in various sectors, such as agriculture, manufacturing,
healthcare, and electronics. Atmanirbhar Bharat is based on five pillars:
economy, infrastructure, system, demography, and demand. The campaign
seeks to create a conducive environment for domes c manufacturers to thrive
and reduce India's dependence on imports.

III. Key Policies and Schemes Under Atmanirbhar Bharat

Make in India is a flagship program launched in 2014 to promote domes c
manufacturing and a ract foreign investment. The program aims to boost
India's manufacturing sector and create employment opportuni es. The
Produc on Linked Incen ve (PLI) Scheme was launched in April 2020 to boost
domes c manufacturing in various sectors, such as electronics,
pharmaceu cals, and automobiles. The Na onal Infrastructure Pipeline is a
government ini a ve to boost infrastructure development in India, with an
investment of INR 111 lakh crore (USD 1.5 trillion) over the next five years. Skill
India is a government ini a ve to enhance the skills of Indian youth and make
them employable. Digital India is a program launched in 2015 to transform
India into a digitally empowered society and knowledge economy. Start-up
India is a government ini a ve to promote entrepreneurship and create a
conducive environment for start-ups to grow.

IV. Impact of Atmanirbhar Bharat on Various Sectors of the

Economy
Agriculture and allied sectors have been the backbone of the Indian economy
for a long me. The Atmanirbhar Bharat campaign seeks to make India self-
sufficient in agriculture and allied sectors, such as fisheries and dairy. The
manufacturing sector is a key driver of India's economic growth. Atmanirbhar
Bharat aims to reduce India's dependence on imports and promote domes c
manufacturing. The healthcare sector is another important sector where self-
reliance is crucial. Atmanirbhar Bharat seeks to enhance India's healthcare
infrastructure and reduce the dependence on imports for essen al medical
equipment and supplies. The MSME sector is a vital source of employment and
economic growth in India. Atmanirbhar Bharat seeks to provide a conducive
environment for MSMEs to thrive and grow. The Electronic System Design and
Manufacturing (ESDM) sector is a key focus area under Atmanirbhar Bharat.
The government has announced several measures to promote self-reliance in
this sector, such as the PLI scheme for electronics manufacturing.

V. Interna onal Repercussions of Atmanirbhar Bharat

Atmanirbhar Bharat has had significant implica ons for India's interna onal
rela ons and diplomacy. The campaign has led to a reduc on in imports from
other countries, which has impacted global trade and investment flows. The
government has also announced restric ons on foreign investment in certain
sectors, which has led to concerns among foreign investors. The campaign has
also been cri cized by some as protec onist and inward-looking. However, the
Indian government has maintained that Atmanirbhar Bharat is not meant to be
protec onist, but rather a means to promote domes c manufacturing and
reduce import dependency. The government has also emphasized that it
remains commi ed to promo ng interna onal trade and investment.
VI. Challenges and Cri cisms of Atmanirbhar Bharat
Despite the government's efforts, Atmanirbhar Bharat faces several challenges
and cri cisms. One of the main challenges is the lack of adequate
infrastructure and technology to support domes c manufacturing. India also
faces a shortage of skilled labor, which is a key requirement for promo ng
domes c manufacturing. The campaign has also been cri cized for its lack of
clarity and implementa on challenges. Some have argued that the
government's focus on self-reliance may come at the cost of global
compe veness and innova on.

VII. Future Prospects of Atmanirbhar Bharat

Atmanirbhar Bharat has the poten al to transform the Indian economy and
make it more self-reliant. The government's focus on boos ng domes c
manufacturing and reducing import dependency can help create new job
opportuni es and spur economic growth. The success of the campaign will
depend on the government's ability to provide adequate infrastructure and
technology support to domes c manufacturers, promote skill development,
and ensure a conducive policy environment. Atmanirbhar Bharat also presents
an opportunity for India to become a global manufacturing hub and a ract
foreign investment. The government's emphasis on digital infrastructure and
technology can help create new opportuni es in the IT and services sectors.

VIII. Conclusion
Atmanirbhar Bharat is a significant campaign that seeks to promote self-
reliance and reduce import dependency in various sectors of the Indian
economy. The campaign is based on five pillars and includes several key policies
and schemes aimed at boos ng domes c manufacturing and infrastructure
development. Atmanirbhar Bharat has the poten al to transform the Indian
economy and make it more self-sufficient. However, the campaign faces several
challenges and cri cisms, including the lack of adequate infrastructure and
technology support, implementa on challenges, and concerns about global
compe veness. The success of Atmanirbhar Bharat will depend on the
government's ability to address these challenges and ensure a conducive policy
environment. Overall, Atmanirbhar Bharat presents an opportunity for India to
become a global manufacturing hub and promote economic growth and
development.

IX. References

"Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan: India’s Roadmap to Self-Reliance," Invest India,

h ps://www.inves ndia.gov.in/sector/manufacturing/atmanirbhar-bharat-
abhiyan-indias-roadmap-self-reliance
"Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan: What Does It Mean for India?" Observer
Research Founda on, h ps://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/atmanirbhar-
bharat-abhiyan-what-does-it-mean-for-india-66724/
"Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyaan," Ministry of Finance,
h ps://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1625446
"Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan: Can It Be a Game Changer for India?" World
Economic Forum, h ps://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/05/atmanirbhar-
bharat-abhiyan-can-it-be-a-game-changer-for-india/
"Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan: Will It Help India Achieve Self-Reliance?" The
Diplomat, h ps://thediplomat.com/2020/07/atmanirbhar-bharat-abhiyan-will-
it-help-india-achieve-self-reliance/

X. Addi onal Resources

"Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan: A Comprehensive Guide," MyGov India,

h ps://www.mygov.in/hi/campaigns/atmanirbhar-bharat-abhiyan/
"Atmanirbhar Bharat: Self-Reliant India," Ministry of Informa on and
Broadcas ng, h ps://atmanirbharbharat.mygov.in/
"Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan: Key Components and Challenges," India Briefing,
h ps://www.india-briefing.com/news/atmanirbhar-bharat-abhiyan-key-
components-challenges-19751.html/