A

Micro project report On

“Information About TCP/IP”

SUBMITTED TO M.S.B.T.E., Mumbai

For the Award of

DIPLOMA IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY BY

Roll no Name of Student Enrollment no

53 Vivek More 2010740330
07 Digvijay Wadekar 2010740281
38 Shubham Deokar 2010740310
51 Tushar Mutkule 2010740328

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

Ms. Malgonde.R.K
DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
NBA ACCREDIATED

SVERI’s College of Engineering (Polytechnic), Pandharpur

Gopalpur Pandharpur-413304
2021-22
AFFILIATED TO

M.S.B.T.E.
Evolution sheet for Micro Project

Academic Year:- 2021-22 Name of Faculty:- Ms.Malgonde.R.K

Course:- Information Technology Course code:- IF4I
Subject:- Computer Networking Subject Code:- 22322
Semester:- 4 Scheme:- I

Title of Project:-

COs addressed by the Micro Project:

CO 1 Information about Pl/Sql in computer networking

Comments/Suggestions about team work/leadership/inter-personal communication (if any)

Marks out of 4
Marks out of 6 Total
for
for mars
Roll No Name of students performance
performance in out
in oral/
group activity of 10
Presentation

53 Vivek More
07 Digvijay Wadekar
38 Shubham Deokar
51 Tushar Mutkule

Name and
Signature of Ms.Malgonde.R.K
faculty
 SVERI’s COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING (POLYTECHNIC), PANDHARPUR.

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the Project report entitled

“Text Editor (Notepad)”
Submitted by

Roll no Name of Student

53 Vivek More
07 Digvijay Wadekar
38 Shubham Deokar
51 Tushar Mutkule
is a bonafide work carried out by above students, under the guidance of Ms. Malgonde. R. K and it is
submitted towards the fulfillment of requirement of MSBTE, Mumbai for the award of Diploma in
Information Technology at SVERI’s COE (Polytechnic), Pandharpur during the academic year 2021-2022

Ms. Malgonde. R. K.)

Guide
(Ms. Malgonde. R. K) (Dr. Misal N. D.)
HOD Principal

Place: Pandharpur

Date: / /
 Acknowledgement

“Information about TCP/IP” has been developed successfully with a great contribution of two
students in a period of two months. We like to appreciate their guidance, encouragement and willingness
since without their support the project would not have been a success. We would like to give our heartfelt
gratitude to Principal Dr. N. D. Misal , Guide Ms. Malgonde. R. K & HOD Ms.Malgonde.R.K, who is
the supervisor of our project for helping and encouraging us in many ways to make our project a success.
We would never been able to finish our work without great support and enthusiasm from friends and
support from our family. We would like to thank the department of Information Technology, for giving
us permission to initiate this project and successfully finish it.
Introduction

TCP/IP means Transmission Control Protocol and Internet Protocol. It is the

network model used in the current Internet architecture as well. Protocols are
set of rules which govern every possible communication over a network. These
protocols describe the movement of data between the source and destination
or the internet. They also offer simple naming and addressing schemes.
Resources Used
Sr. No. Specification Remark
1 Intel Core i3/ i5, RAM 4GB As per requirement
2 Operating System – Windows 10 As per requirement
3 Application – Microsoft Word 2016 As per requirement
Advantages

1. It helps us a lot to establish network connections in different types of computers.

2. It works independently of the operating system (OS).
3. It supports many network routing protocols.
4. It is a very scalable client-server architecture.
5. It works independently.
6. It is an open protocol suite.

COs addressed by the Micro Project:

CO 1 Got Information About TCP/IP.

 Information

TCP/IP means Transmission Control Protocol and Internet Protocol. It is the

network model used in the current Internet architecture as well. Protocols are
set of rules which govern every possible communication over a network. These
protocols describe the movement of data between the source and destination or
the internet. They also offer simple naming and addressing schemes.

Overview of TCP/IP reference model

TCP/IP that is Transmission Control Protocol and Internet Protocol was
developed by Department of Defence's Project Research Agency (ARPA, later
DARPA) as a part of a research project of network interconnection to connect
remote machines.

The features that stood out during the research, which led to making the TCP/IP
reference model were:

 Support for a flexible architecture. Adding more machines to a network

was easy.

 The network was robust, and connections remained intact untill the source
and destination machines were functioning.

The overall idea was to allow one application on one computer to talk to(send
data packets) another application running on different computer.

Different Layers of TCP/IP Reference Model

Below we have discussed the 4 layers that form the TCP/IP reference model:

Layer 1: Host-to-network Layer

1. Lowest layer of the all.

2. Protocol is used to connect to the host, so that the packets can be sent
over it.

3. Varies from host to host and network to network.

Layer 2: Internet layer

1. Selection of a packet switching network which is based on a connectionless

internetwork layer is called a internet layer.

2. It is the layer which holds the whole architecture together.

 3. It helps the packet to travel independently to the destination.

4. Order in which packets are received is different from the way they are sent.

5. IP (Internet Protocol) is used in this layer.

6. The various functions performed by the Internet Layer are:

o Delivering IP packets

o Performing routing

o Avoiding congestion

Layer 3: Transport Layer

1. It decides if data transmission should be on parallel path or single path.

2. Functions such as multiplexing, segmenting or splitting on the data is done

by transport layer.

3. The applications can read and write to the transport layer.

4. Transport layer adds header information to the data.

5. Transport layer breaks the message (data) into small units so that they are
handled more efficiently by the network layer.

6. Transport layer also arrange the packets to be sent, in sequence.

Layer 4: Application Layer

The TCP/IP specifications described a lot of applications that were at the top of
the protocol stack. Some of them were TELNET, FTP, SMTP, DNS etc.

1. TELNET is a two-way communication protocol which allows connecting to

a remote machine and run applications on it.
 2. FTP(File Transfer Protocol) is a protocol, that allows File transfer amongst
computer users connected over a network. It is reliable, simple and
efficient.

3. SMTP(Simple Mail Transport Protocol) is a protocol, which is used to

transport electronic mail between a source and destination, directed via a
route.

4. DNS(Domain Name Server) resolves an IP address into a textual address

for Hosts connected over a network.

5. It allows peer entities to carry conversation.

6. It defines two end-to-end protocols: TCP and UDP

o TCP(Transmission Control Protocol): It is a reliable connection-

oriented protocol which handles byte-stream from source to
destination without error and flow control.

o UDP(User-Datagram Protocol): It is an unreliable connection-less

protocol that do not want TCPs, sequencing and flow control. Eg:
One-shot request-reply kind of service.

Merits of TCP/IP model

1. It operated independently.

2. It is scalable.

3. Client/server architecture.

4. Supports a number of routing protocols.

5. Can be used to establish a connection between two computers.

Demerits of TCP/IP
 1. In this, the transport layer does not guarantee delivery of packets.

2. The model cannot be used in any other application.

3. Replacing protocol is not easy.

4. It has not clearly separated its services, interfaces and protocols.

Comparison of OSI and TCP/IP Reference Model

Now it's time to compare both the reference model that we have learned till
now. Let's start by addressing the similarities that both of these models have.

Following are some similarities between OSI Reference Model and TCP/IP

Reference Model.

 Both have layered architecture.

 Layers provide similar functionalities.

 Both are protocol stack.

 Both are reference models.

Difference between OSI and TCP/IP Reference Model

Following are some major differences between OSI Reference Model and TCP/IP
Reference Model, with diagrammatic comparison below.
Conclusion

TCP/IP protocols are based on four layered framework like the seven-layer
OSI reference model. These layers are the Application layer, Transport layer,
Network layer and Network interface layer.

References

https://www.ukessays.com/essays/it-research/tcp-
ip.php#:~:text=CONCLUSION,class%20B%20and%20class%20C.

Reference books for tcp/ip