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Monash University Foundation Year (Marker use only)

MUF0091 MATHEMATICS UNIT 1 2/2015

Reading time: 15 minutes | Writing time: 2 hours

Question & Answer Booklet

Structure of Examinations
Number of
Number of questions to Number of
Section Type of question questions be answered marks
n/a Problem based 10 10 89
Total Marks 89

Instructions
Answer each question in the spaces provided in the Question and Answer Booklet.
Unless specifically instructed to obtain answers directly from your graphics calculator, show
all working in your answers, including using calculus methods to find derivatives and integrals.
A decimal approximation will not be accepted if an exact answer is required to a question.
A formula sheet is provided at the end of the Question and Answer Booklet.

Materials Allowed:
Approved graphics calculators with the memory cleared are required and, if desired, one scientific
calculator is also permitted.

Candidates are to fill in the following

Family Name:

Given Name(s):

Student ID Number:

Desk Number:

Campus Location:

For Marker Use Only

Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6 Q7 Q8 Q9 Q10 Total

Marker
/6 /9 /6 /9 /12 /7 /9 /12 /10 /9 /89
Moderator

Examiner
Question 1

For each of the graphs of f ( x) shown below, sketch the following on the same set of axes. Clearly label all
endpoints and intercepts:
(a) f (− x) + 2

(b) f −1 ( x)

(3 + 3 = 6 marks)

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Question 2

The graph of function f ( x) = log e x undergoes some transformations to produce the graph of

g ( x) =
−2log e ( x + 3) .

(a) Describe in words, using the correct terms, the transformations required on the graph of f ( x) to
obtain the graph of g ( x) .

(b) State the maximal domain and the range of the function g ( x) .

(c) What property of g ( x) ensures that it has an inverse function?

(Question 2 continues on the next page)

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(Question 2 continues from the previous page)

(d) Find the rule for g −1 ( x) , and state its domain and range.

(3 + 2 + 1 + 3 = 9 marks)

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Question 3
a
(a) =
Find the equation of the graph of y + k , given that it has the following properties:
( x − h)
2

• its horizontal asymptote is y = 4 ,

• its vertical asymptote is x = −2 ,

 21 
• its y-intercept is  0, .
 4

(b) Sketch a possible curve for the function f ( x) in the space provided below, given that f has the following
properties:
f ′(−1) = f ′ ( 3=
= f ′(1) ) 0;
f (−1) =f (3) =0; f (1) =−16; f (0) =−9
f ′( x) > 0 for x < −1 and 1 < x < 3 ;
f ′( x) < 0 for − 1 < x < 1 and x > 3 .

(3 + 3 = 6 marks)

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Question 4

(a) Find the value(s) of p, where: 3 p +1 × 9 p −5 − 27 =

0.

(b) Find the exact value of x, where : log e ( x + 1) − log e ( x − 2 ) =

3.

cos 3 x
(c) Find the exact solution(s) of the equation = sin 3 x ; 0 ≤ x ≤ π .
3

(3 + 3 + 3 = 9 marks)

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Question 5

(a)
3
(i) Find f ′( x) if f ( x) =
−5 x3 + +4.
x

(ii) Hence, find f ′(1) .

e2 x−4 dy
(b) Given that y = , find .
3cos x dx

(Question 5 continues on the next page)

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(Question 5 continues from the previous page)

(c) Find f ′( x)=

if f ( x) ( 4sin ( 2 x + 1) ) log ( x ) .
e
3

dy
(d) Given that =
−2e 2 x + 3 and
= that y 4=
when x 0 , find y in terms of x.
dx

((2 + 1) + 3 + 3 + 3 = 12 marks)

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Question 6

An endangered species of lizard is introduced onto an island as part of a breeding program. The number of
1
t
lizards, L, at a time t years after they were introduced, is given by the equation L = 50 e 8 . Assume that the
conditions on the island allow the number of lizards to grow according to this model for 20 years.

(a) How many lizards were introduced onto the island at the start of this program?

(b) Find how long it takes for the number of lizards to reach 200. Give your answer in years, correct to
2 decimal places.

(c) Find the rate of growth in the number of lizards exactly two years after they were introduced.

(Question 6 continues on the next page)

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(Question 6 continues from the previous page)

(d) Find the average rate of change in the number of lizards during the first two years after they were
introduced onto the island.

(1 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 7 marks)

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Question 7

At Sunshine Bay beach, Jason owns a house which is built close to the water.

The distance, y (metres), from the water to the front of Jason’s house is dependent on the tide.
πt
This distance, y (metres), can be modelled by the equation =
y 20 + 10sin , where t is the number of
6
hours after 6 am on a particular Saturday.

(a) How far is the water from the front of Jason’s house at 6 pm on that particular Saturday?

(b) At what time on that particular Saturday is the first high tide?
(A high tide is when the water is at its highest level and comes furthest up the beach.)

(Question 7 continues on the next page)

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(Question 7 continues from the previous page)

(c) Sketch the graph of y against t for 0 ≤ t ≤ 18 in the space provided below.

(d) Use your graphics calculator to determine the rate at which the distance y is increasing at 6 am and
at 4 pm. At which time is the distance y increasing at a faster rate?

(1 + 3 + 2 + 3 = 9 marks)

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Question 8
The graph of y = ax 3 + 3 x 2 + b has a stationary point at (1, 2 ) .
(a) Prove that a = −2 and b = 1 .

(b) Hence, calculate the coordinates of the other stationary point on this graph.

(Question 8 continues on the next page)

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(Question 8 continues from the previous page)
(c)
(i) Calculate the x-coordinate(s) of the point(s) of intersection of the curve and the line y = 1 .

(ii) Hence, find the exact area bounded by the curve and the line y = 1 . Include a sketch of the required
area in your working.

(3 + 3 + (2 + 4) = 12 marks)

Page 13 of 20
Question 9

Sydney Harbour Bridge has two parabolic arches within its construction, as shown in the diagram below.

Consider the lower (yellow) parabola: Let y be the vertical height (in metres) above the water and let x be the
distance (in metres) from point O as shown on the diagram.
This parabolic arch can be approximately modelled by this equation:
6
y= − ( x − 250) 2 + 120 .
3125

Point A on the diagram is at the same vertical height as point O.

(a) How high above the water is the highest point of this parabola?

(b) What is the horizontal distance from point O to the point A ?

(Question 9 continues on the next page)

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(Question 9 continues from the previous page)

(c) The road level of the bridge (shown as the yellow horizontal line in the diagram) is 50 m above the
water. Use your graphics calculator to answer parts (i) and (ii) of this question:

(i) Find the coordinates of points P and Q indicated on the diagram, where the parabolic arch meets the
road level. Give the x-coordinate values in your answers correct to 4 decimal places.

(ii) Hence, find the equation of the tangent line to the parabola at the point Q.

(d) Find the gradient function of this parabolic arch.

(e)
(i) Use your results from parts (c)(i) and (d) above to find the gradient of the curve at point Q, giving
your answer correct to 4 decimal places.

(ii) Hence, find the equation of the tangent line to the parabola at the point Q.

(iii) Comment on a possible reason for any difference between your answers in parts (c)(ii) and (e)(ii).

(1 + 1 + (2 + 1) + 1 + (1 + 2 + 1) = 10 marks)

Page 15 of 20
Question 10

A cylinder of radius r and height h is open on top. The cylinder is to be constructed so that its volume is
always 1000 m3.

The material used to construct the sides of the cylinder costs $5 per square metre, and the material used for
the bottom of the cylinder costs $8 per square metre.

(a) Show that the cost, $ C, of constructing this cylinder, in terms of the radius r, is given by:
10000
=C + 8π r 2 .
r

(Question 10 continues on the next page)

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(Question 10 continues from the previous page)

(b) Hence, calculate the dimensions (radius, height) of the cylinder so that the cost of construction is as
low as possible. Verify your results using the First Derivative Test.

(3 + 6 = 9 marks)

End of Examination

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Extra Working Space

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Extra Working Space

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 MONASH UNIVERSITY FOUNDATION YEAR
MATHEMATICS FUNCTIONS AND CALCULUS UNIT
REFERENCE FORMULAS
CALCULUS
d n 1
( x ) = nx n −1 , ∫x dx = x n +1 + c, n ≠ −1 ,
n

dx n +1
where n is a rational number where n is a rational number
d ax 1 ax
(e ) = ae ax ∫ e dx = a e + c
ax

dx
d 1 1
(log e x) = , where x > 0 ∫ x dx = log e | x | +c , where x ≠ 0
dx x

d 1
dx
(sin ax) = a cos ax ∫ sin ax dx = − a cos ax + c
d 1
dx
(cos ax) = − a sin ax ∫ cos ax dx = a sin ax + c
d a
(tan ax) = = a sec 2 ax
dx cos 2 ax
d dv du
Product rule (uv) = u +v
dx dx dx

du dv
Quotient rule −u v
d u dx dx
 =
dx  v  v2
dy dy du
Chain rule = ×
dx du dx

• Each horizontal straight line is perpendicular to each vertical straight line

• Otherwise, two straight lines are perpendicular to each other if the product of their slopes is –1.

MEASUREMENT
1
Area of triangle
2
ab sin C Area of circle π r2
1 Curved surface area of a
Area of trapezium ( a + b) h 2 π rh
2 cylinder
Volume of right 1 2
Volume of right circular cone,
circular cylinder, π r 2h height h
πr h
height h 3

4 3 Volume of right pyramid, base 1

Volume of sphere πr Ah
3 area A, height h 3

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