PR1 It must work on a topic that is fresh, new,

and interesting to the present society.

It is a process of carrying out different
*
mental acts for discovering and examining
facts and data to prove the accuracy of your Accuracy
Relevance
claims. Timely
* Clarity

Research It must deal with facts, not with mere

Inquiry
Investigation
opinions arising from assumptions,
Questioning generalizations, predictions, or conclusions.
*
A process of executing various mental acts
for discovering and examining facts and Accuracy
Objectiveness
information. Timeless
* Clarity

Objective It must succeed in expressing its central

Inquiry
Synthesizing
point or discoveries by using the simple,
Research direct, concise, and correct language.
*
It is a mental strategy involving inferring,
evaluating, synthesizing, appreciating, Accuracy
Objectiveness
applying, and creating. Timeless
* Clarity

SQ3R It must take place in an organized or orderly

Skimming
LOTS
manner.
HOTS *

It must give correct or accurate data, and the Systematic

Objectiveness
footsteps, notes, and bibliographical entries Timeless
should be honestly and appropriately Clarity
documented or acknowledged. The topic must be instrumental in improving
* society or in solving problems affecting the
Accuracy lives of people in a community.
Relevance
*
Timeless
Objectiveness Systematic
Objectiveness
Relevance
Clarity Explanatory
Exploratory
It proves the accuracy or truthfulness of Applied
your claims or conclusions about the topic.
According to a study, “The more time you
*
spend in the bath, the more wrinkly your
Research skin becomes”. The type of correlation the
Inquiry
Investigation situation shown is:
Questioning *

Danah would like to study the reasons why Zero Correlation

Positive Correlation
some people suffer from migraines. The Negative Correlation
type of research that is based on application Correlational
she should use is:
John’s group would like to work on the
*
research title,  “Improving Mathematics
Qualitative Performance among Grade 9 Students
Quantitative
Basic/Pure through Gamification Technique”. The type
Applied of research according to purpose they should
Jacquelyn is a researcher who would like to use is:
*
help her community solve the recurring
flooding issue in their area. The type of Action Research
Correlational
research that is based on application she Exploratory
should use is: Explanatory
*
Grade 12 ABM Students would like to
Quantitative propose a study to resolve the frequent
Basic/Pure
Applied absences of their low-performing classmates
Qualitative in their sections. The type of research that is
A group of students would like to work on according to purpose they should use is :
*
the research title, “A Qualitative Exploration
of the Workplace Culture and Career Correlational
Explanatory
Advancement of Women in the Information Descriptive
and Technology Sector”. The type of Action Research
research according to purpose they should
According to a study, “As one exercises
use is:
more, their body weight decreases.” The
*
type of correlation the situation shows is:
Descriptive *
Positive Correlation It is a QUALITATIVE RESEARCH when
Negative Correlation
Zero Correlation data are collected through statistical
Correlational analysis.
Based on APPLICATION, this research *
intends to address your chosen study to QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
societal problems or issues.
Quantitative Data relates to NUMBERS and
*
language.
TRUE *
ETHNOGRAPHY is the study of the TRUE
culture, beliefs, practices, and lifestyles of a
CASE STUDY is the type of Qualitative
certain tribe or group of people.
research that should be used for the title,
*
“The Origins of Dementia through the Prism
TRUE of Head Injuries”.
The explanatory research elaborates or *
explains not just the MEANINGS behind the HISTORICAL ANALYSIS
relationships of two factors.
BIG BANG THEORY aims at developing
*
and discovering a new theory.
REASONS *
"Wedding Practices of Igorot Tribe” is an GEOGRAPHICAL THEORY
example title for an ETHNOGRAPHY.
HISTORICAL ANALYSIS is the type of
*
Qualitative Research that should be used for
TRUE the title, “The 1937 Women’s Suffrage:
A connection of two variables is called Women’s Changed Stature in Society.
EXPLORATORY RESEARCH. *
* TRUE

CORRELATIONAL RESEARCH “The Experiences of War Survivors and

QUALITATIVE RESEARCH requires the Veterans” is an example title for a study like
collection of non-numerical data to express PHENOMENOLOGY.
the results of the study. *
* TRUE

TRUE
“American Colonization: Influences on the Broad

21st Century Education” is an example title Critical Film Viewing

for a CASE STUDY. Broad
*
Early pregnancy among Senior High School
TRUE Students
Narrow
Promoting respect for people’s
individualities is a WEAKNESS of Causes, Prevention, and Treatment of Brain
Cancer
Qualitative Research.
* Narrow
Students’ Preferred Learning Styles
STRENGTH
Broad
Being subjective and letting emotions affect
Preferred Learning Styles of Quezon National
your study is a WEAKNESS of Qualitative
High School HUMSS Students
Research.
Narrow
*
Parenting Styles and Its Impact
TRUE
Broad
Phenomenology is the study of people’s
Reducing Weight is Difficult
EXPERIENCES.
Broad
*
Obesity among Toddlers in Rural Areas of
TRUE
Region 10
The study of the culture, beliefs, practices, Narrow
and lifestyles of a group of people is called Study Habits of Working Students
PHENOMENOLOGY.
Broad
*
ETHNOGRAPHY

TOPIC: NARROW or BROAD?* PEH

BROAD It is a positive form of stress having a

NARROW beneficial effect on health, motivation,
performance, and emotional well-being? *
Social Networking distress
general stress Stage of calamity
stress Stage of adaptation
eustress Stage of exhaustions

It is a state of worry or mental tension David has suffered from post-traumatic

caused by a difficult situation? * stress disorder. What is the best way for
distress David to deal with his stress? *
stress Buy a pet
eustress Ignore what he feels
general stress Out of country travel
Seek for medical assistant
It is also known as negative stress? *
eustress Which is not short-term physical stress
stress symptoms? *
distress Dry mouth
general stress Diarrhea
Aches and pain
What will Peter do to relieve stress from his Tense muscles
schoolwork? *
Avoiding junk foods It is an intense and unpleasant reaction that
Balance diet develops in the weeks following a traumatic
Exercise event.? *
Take vitamins Cumulative stress
Acute traumatic stress
Which of the following kinds of stress does Post traumatic stress
everyone have? * General stress
General stress
Cumulative stress What type of sports, where one athlete
Post-traumatic stress competes on his or her own merits? *
Acute traumatic stress Team sports
Dance sports
Which is not long-term physical stress Individual sports
symptoms? * Dual sports
Cool skin
Insomia What is an athletic activity requiring skill or
Change in Appetite physical prowess? *
Prone to illness exercise
play
Which of the following is the 3rd stage of sports
general adaptation syndrome of stress? * hobby
Alarm reaction
Philip and Jen want to play beach volleyball, New shoes
but Jen has bad eyesight. How would you Body pain
describe Jen's bad eyesight? *
Individual sport pros Which of the following best describes the
Individual sport cons difference of individual and dual sports to
Dual sport cons team sports? *
Dual sport pros Coaches and players
Rules and regulations
What is an example of cons for individual uniform or jersey
sports? * Number of players, rule and regulations
The performance rests on your shoulders
if you lose, all of the blame falls on you Which of the following activities can
as an individual athlete. maintain your weight? *
You receive all of the credit for your victory reading
You can focus on the game. sports
writing
Which sports is an example of dual sports? * computer game
Boxing
Baseball Player Ron serves from the right side of the
basketball court, and the shuttlecock lands on the
Beach volleyball opponent's left side of the court. What is his
service called? *
What is being exceptionally skilled in let
physical? * Wrong court
physical prowess Service violation
professional Service Ace
expert
Competitive Which of the following is the highest total
score in an official badminton match? *
Manuel is a professional boxer, but he is 25
already 40 years old and wants to fight. 15
What should Manuel consider? * 30
Individual sport pros 21
Individual sport cons
Dual sport cons In badminton, if the server strikes the
Dual sport pros shuttlecock above his waist, what is
When you always play sports, what benefit considered to be a fault? *
do you get? * Yellow card
Prolonged life Red card
Injuries let
Service too high
 In India, what is the name of the sport
Nikko scored 4 points in a match; which side badminton? *
of the court should he serve from? * Battledore
Right Poon/ Poona
Left Mintonette
Either left or right Racquet and shuttlecock
Where he wants
What is the official net height in badminton?
If Grace and Jay want to participate in a *
badminton match, which match they may 5.1ft
both play legally? 5ft
Male doubles 4.1ft
Mixed doubles 4ft
Female doubles
Female Singles Ren first serves the ball. How high must the
ball be thrown from the flat on his hand? *
If Peter wins the 1st set and his opponent 5 inches
Karl wins the 2nd sets, what is the score they 6 inches
need to complete in the 3rd set of the 4 inches
match? 3 inches
21
15 A standard ping-pong table is usually green,
30 but what color can it also be? *
25 gray
white
What is the purpose of two different types blue
of shuttlecocks? * yellow
For the variation of price (expensive and
cheap) Tony requests to choose a ball before the
For local and international game match begins. Does Tony have the right to
For official and practice game choose the balls in a tournament? *
For indoor and outdoor games Yes, if he wants
No, only the officials
In badminton when the server takes too Yes, if he win the toss coin
much time to serve or delay in service it is No, only the umpire
considered what kind of fault? *
Yellow card In what year did table tennis become an
Red card Olympic sport? *
Foul 1987
Undue delay of serve 1988
1986
1989

RW
John wants to read an article and get its
general overview. What BEST reading
strategy should he use?*
Extensive Reading
Scanning
Skimming
SQ3R
Maria searches on the internet for the
origin of the word 'claims'. What BEST
reading strategy should she use?*
Intensive Reading
Scanning
Skimming
SQ3R
Alley was heading to the library to look
for answers on her research. Upon
reading the book that she borrowed, she
checked if there are pictures on the book
to help her find the main idea of text.
The strategy she used is:
* that it is a:*
Intensive Reading
Scanning
Skimming
SQ3R
To recall some important details from the
novel he read, Daniel asks questions to
his friend who happened to have read the
same book. The strategy he used is:*
Intensive Reading
Scanning
Skimming
SQ3R
Sabrina was asked to submit an essay
about “How  people survive amidst
pandemic.” After thoroughly checking it,
her teacher realized that the ideas she
presented had no connections at all and
were not properly arranged. This only
means that Sabrina's essay is an example
of:*
Critical writing
text
Discourse
well-written
As an aspiring writer, Maria has engaged
herself in lots of seminars to develop her
writing skills. In  a seminar she attended
recently, the speaker pointed out that the
whole passage or writings should be
connected with one main idea supported
by all other ideas which are arranged
properly. Maria therefore, understand
Critical writing
text
Discourse
well-written
Teacher Jean asked you to create a
graphic organizer that shows the
similarities and differences of explicit
and implicit claims. The BEST graphic
organizer that you should use is: *
Sequence chart
Main Idea Web
Venn diagram
T-chart
Your English teacher asks you to identify
the main idea and its supporting details
from the story you are assigned to read.
The graphic organizer you should use
is:*
Cause and effect map
Sequence Chart
Main Idea Web
Story Map
In Home Economics subjects, Jennica is
assigned to teach her classmates the steps
on making their own crocheted sweater.
The graphic organizer that she should
use is:
* Therefore, obesity has various effects
Concept Map
Main Idea Web
Sequence Chart
Timeline
Which among the following statements
uses the comparison and contrast
pattern?*
"To sum it up, Artificial Intelligence looks
all set to be the future of the World. With
Artificial Intelligence, the future seems
intriguing and exciting."
"Obesity is due to lack of exercise and
lack of education and awareness.
Therefore, obesity has various effects
including the risk of suffering from a
range of health conditions"
“Euthanasia is defined as the painless
killing of a patient suffering from an
incurable and painful disease or in an
irreversible coma."
Abraham Lincoln was another notable
leader. However, he was a man of
massive self-confidence."
Of the following statements, which one
uses the persuasion pattern? *
"To sum it up, Artificial Intelligence
looks all set to be the future of the
World. With Artificial Intelligence, the
future seems intriguing and exciting."
Abraham Lincoln was another notable
leader. However, he was a man of
massive self-confidence.
"Obesity is due to lack of exercise and
lack of education and awareness.
including the risk of suffering from a
range of health conditions"
“Euthanasia is defined as the painless
killing of a patient suffering from an
incurable and painful disease or in an
irreversible coma. The practice is illegal
in most countries.”
Which among the following  statements
follows the definition pattern? *
“Not yet, Rizal, not yet”.
“It is a tall evergreen tree with hard
wood that turns reddish brown at
maturity."
The main reason for this is that there
are too many private cars on the roads
these days and a viable solution is to
introduce more park-and-ride schemes.
“Euthanasia is defined as the painless
killing of a patient suffering from an
incurable and painful disease or in an
irreversible coma.
Which of the following statements
follows comparison and contrast?*
“One of the most serious issues facing
the majority of large urban areas is
traffic jams.”
“Dogs and cats have similarities, but
even more distinctions. Both animals
are easily loved by mankind and will
display love and affection in return for
good treatment."
"To sum it up, Artificial Intelligence looks
all set to be the future of the World. With
Artificial Intelligence, the future seems
intriguing and exciting."
“It was my second day on the job. I was
sitting in my seemingly gilded cubicle,
overlooking Manhattan, and pinching my
right arm to make sure it was real.”
Of the following statements, which
shows the classification pattern?*
“The idiosyncrasy of this town is smoke.
It rolls sullenly in slow folds from the
great chimneys of the iron-foundries,
and settles down in black, slimy pools
on the muddy streets.”
“I was soaking wet, so I changed my
clothes immediately.”
“A computer language used for creating
web documents can be classified
according to its purpose: HTML,
JavaScript, and CCS.”
“My mother had hair so dark that it
looked like a waterfall of ink.”
Of the following statements, which
shows the problem-solution pattern?
* school when I turned onto the busiest
“The idiosyncrasy of this town is
smoke. It rolls sullenly in slow folds
from the great chimneys of the iron-
foundries, and settles down in black,
slimy pools on the muddy streets.”
“I was soaking wet, so I changed my
clothes immediately.”
“A computer language used for creating
web documents can be classified
according to its purpose: HTML,
JavaScript, and CCS.”
“My mother had hair so dark that it
looked like a waterfall of ink.”
Which of the following statements uses
the narration pattern?*
“The most embarrassing moment of my
sophomore year was how I earned my
nickname, Crash. It all started right
after school when I turned onto the
busiest street by the school.”
“Video game players often hide in their
homes or in Internet cafés. The effect of
this isolation can lead to a breakdown of
communication skills.”
“I believe that everyone should eat
breakfast before going to their
activities.”
“Few might consider the terrors of an
amphibious puppet and a lonely ogre.
While these two strange creatures might
not have much in common.“
Which of the following statements uses
the persuasion pattern?*
“The most embarrassing moment of my
sophomore year was how I earned my
nickname, Crash. It all started right after
street by the school.”
”Wi-Fi is wireless local network between
nearby devices, such as wireless
routers, smartphones, tablets, or drive.”
“Fruity desserts can be classified into
three types: those that use orchard
fruits, those that use berries, and those
that use citrus fruits.”
Screen time is a very subjective topic,
and I believe it shouldn’t be calculated
for everything involving the screen.
Which of the following statements uses
the cause and effect pattern?*
Ethics can be grouped into three main
categories including deontological
ethics, virtue ethics, and
consequentialist ethics.
The sky is blue, I see it's hue.
“A tornado blew the roof off the house,
and as a result, the family had to find
another place to live.”
Screen time is a very subjective topic,
and I believe it shouldn’t be calculated
for everything involving the screen.
Which of the following statements uses
the cause and effect pattern?*
Ethics can be grouped into three main
categories including deontological
ethics, virtue ethics, and
consequentialist ethics.
The sky is blue, I see it's hue.
“The effects of homelessness are
equally complex and can be mirror
images of the root causes.”
Screen time is a very subjective topic,
and I believe it shouldn’t be calculated
for everything involving the screen.
Which of the following statements uses
the classification pattern?
* reported it to the police station.”
An "example sentence" is a sentence
written to demonstrate usage of a
particular word in context.
Three of the most popular movie
genres include action, romance, and
sci-fi.
“Home is where the heart is, but not
everyone has the same heart.”
"To be or not to be"
Which of the following statements uses
the narration pattern?*
An "example sentence" is a sentence
written to demonstrate usage of a
particular word in context.
“I remember when I first arrived in the
United States. Even before the plane
landed, the little windows in the
airplane revealed snow and ice-covered
houses and buildings.”
Library is a place of home, there are tall
shelves and are full of books and quiet.
There are three kinds of parenting:
Authoritarian, Authoritative, and
Permissive.
Which of the following statements uses
the problem-solution pattern?
*
An "example sentence" is a sentence
written to demonstrate usage of a
particular word in context.
“I remember when I first arrived in the
United States. Even before the plane
landed, the little windows in the airplane
revealed snow and ice-covered houses
and buildings.”
"Someone robbed our house, so I
Screen time is a very subjective topic,
and I believe it shouldn’t be calculated
for everything involving the screen.
Which of the following statements
follows the description pattern?*
An "example sentence" is a sentence
written to demonstrate usage of a
particular word in context.
Starfish have a unique but pretty look.
Oddly they have a mouth at the center of
the lower surface. But they are so
appealing that many people consider
them as beauty.
"Someone robbed our house, so I
reported it to the police station.”
Screen time is a very subjective topic,
and I believe it shouldn’t be calculated
for everything involving the screen.
Which of the following is the BEST
example of claim of value?*
Believing in God is far better than
believing in your own capabilities.
Believing in God is a must for us to do.
If you believe in God, you are already
victorious.
If you do not believe in God, you should
because He can change your life.
Which of the following is the BEST
example of claim of policy?*
Samsung technology is way better than
other gadgets to buy.
Samsung technology is a brand that is in
the list of very reliable gadgets.
Samsung technology is a brand that
must always be on your list when
buying appliances or gadgets.
Samsung technology is out of this world
that is why a lot of people buy it.
Which of the following is the BEST
example of a claim of fact?*
The cartoon “Dora the explorer” is more
entertaining than “Go, Diego, go!”
The cartoon “Dora the explorer” has
played a big part in children’s
memories.
The cartoon “Dora the explorer” should
be watched by children.
The cartoon “Dora the explorer” imparts
knowledge unlike other cartoons.
Which of the following is the BEST
example of a claim of fact?*
Believe that the first to exist is the
chicken.
The was first to exist than chicken.
The chicken was first to exist than the
egg.
The first to exist was the chicken.
Which of the following is the BEST
example of a claim of policy?*
We must have the right discipline if we
want a better life.
Having the right discipline is the best
policy.
Right discipline can make you
successful as a person
A better life is about having the right
discipline.
Which of the following is the BEST
example of a claim of value?*
Expensive shoes are a must buy for
wealthy personalities.
Expensive shoes should be bought every
once in a while, to reward yourself.
Expensive shoes are sturdier than
cheap ones.
Expensive shoes are always classy and
catwalk-worthy.
Which of the following is the BEST
example of a claim of value?*
The Philippines has a lot of tourist spots
that can captivate your heart.
It is more fun in the Philippines.
The Philippines is a country that should
be on your bucket list to travel.
The Philippines is a fun place to go to.
Which of the following is the BEST
example of a claim of value?*
It is better to have loved and lost, than
never to have love at all.
It is better to give than to receive.
It is more relaxing to see the views from
afar.
It is important to respect elders.
The climate will get better in the next
few months because of global warming.
The climate will get warmer in the next
few weeks because of the greenhouse
effect.
The climate will get cozy in the next few
days because of global warming.
The climate will get warmer in the next
few years because of global warming.
Which of the following is the BEST
example of a claim of policy?*
An individual must be at least 18 years
old in order to apply for a driver's
license.
An individual must be at least 15 yrs old
in order to apply for a driver’s license.
An individual must be an adult to apply
for a driver’s license.
An individual must need
accompaniment to apply for a driver’s
license.

Which of the following is the BEST

example of a claim of policy?*
A dress code should be a form of
routine to all students.
A dress code must be applied to all
students.
A dress code should be introduced to all
students.
A dress code is ought to be worn by
students.

Which of the following is the BEST

example of a claim of fact?*
 • digitalized voice, image, sound & data

• Literacy: The ability to identify, understand,

interpret, create, communicate and compute,
using printed and written materials associated
with varying contexts

• Media: The physical objects used to

communicate with, or the mass communication
through physical objects such as radio,
television, computers, film, etc. It also refers to
any physical object used to communicate
messages.

• Media Literacy: The ability to access, analyze,

evaluate, and create media in a variety of forms.
It aims to empower citizens by providing them
with the competencies (knowledge and skills)
necessary to engage with traditional media and
new technologies.
MIL • Information: A broad term that covers
processed data, knowledge derived from study,
Pre-Industrial Age
experience, instruction, signals or symbols.
• discovered fire
• developed paper from plants
• Information Literacy: The ability to recognize
• forged weapons & tools with stone, bronze,
when information is needed, and to locate,
copper and iron
evaluate, and effectively communicate
information in its various formats.
Industrial Age
• used the power of steam
• Technology Literacy: The ability of an
• developed machine tools
individual, either working independently or with
• established iron production, and the
others, to responsibly, appropriately, and
manufacturing of various products including
effectively use technological tools. Using these
books through the printing press
tools an individual can access, manage,
integrate, evaluate, create and communicate
Electronic Age
information.
• invention of the transistor
• harnessed the power of transistors led to the
• Media and Information Literacy: The essential
transistor radio, electronic circuits, and the early
skills and competencies that allow individuals to
computers
engage with media and other information
providers effectively, as well as develop critical
Information Age
thinking and life-long learning skills to socialize
• Internet
and become active citizens. communicate
• Microelectronics: personal computers, mobile
devices, & wearable tech
including mass media (radio, television,
computers, film, etc.).
Plagiarism: Using other people’s words and
ideas without clearly acknowledging the source
of the information
• Common Knowledge: Facts that can be found
in numerous places and are likely to be widely
known.
• Paraphrase: Using someone’s ideas, but
rephrasing them in your own words. Although
you will use your own words to paraphrase, you
must still acknowledge and cite the source of
the information
Camera Shots and Angles
 Abbreviation/ meaning/ description/ effect:
ECU – extreme close up of eyes/face:
aggression, discomfort
CU – close up of head/reaction: intimacy
CU head and shoulders – 2–3 people
MS – medium shot: to waist, 2–3 people
MLS – medium-long shot: full-body normal view
LS – long shot: room, normal view
ELS – extreme long shot: house, establishing the
setting
ES – establishing shot: city, establishing the
venue
Copyright - a legal device that gives the creator
of a literary, artistic, musical, or other creative
work the sole right to publish and sell that work
Plagiarism - an act or instance of using or closely
imitating the language and thoughts of another
author without authorization; the
representation of that author's work as one's
own, as by not crediting the original author.
Cyber Bullying - bullying that takes place online,
or using electronic technology such as cell
phones, computers, and tablets over
communication tools including social media
sites, text messages, chat, and websites
Computer addiction - the excessive use of
computers to the extent that it interferes with
daily life E) Digital divide - an economic
inequality between groups in terms of access to,
use of, or knowledge of ICT

Low angle: camera looks up – subject looks

large – creates an impression of power

Normal or straight angle: camera looks at the

subject from eye-level – subject looks equal to
viewer, who feels equal to, and may even
identify with, subject

High angle: camera looks down – subject

appears small – creates an impression of
weakness

READING AND WRITING
LESSON 1 DISCOURSE
Skimming -getting the main idea of the
text, reading a journal to identify which
detail you would like to read. Reading
text to get the general information
Scanning-Looking for specific details in
your contact lists. An Interest search,
checking your daily schedule or
checking the timetable
SQ3R – Survey- Preview, Question – ask
guiding questions, Read – Read for
meaning, Recall - test yourself, Review –
review after you read.
PATTERN OF DEVELOPMENT
Narration – tell a story
Description – Details about a specific
object, person, or location in order to
firmly set its appearance
Definition – Explain not just what
something means or is but also what
something does.
Classification – Divides things into group
Comparison and contrast – similar and
different from each other
Cause and effect – Explains why
something happens or what results
Problem-Solution – Discussion of a
problem or solution in a particular area
Persuasion – Convinces readers to agree
Coherence – arranged logically manner
Cohesion – Connection of ideas at
sentence level
Unity – one focus idea, all supporting
ideas are relevant to the main thought
Organization – is a clear statement,
purpose position, facts. Text are logically
and accurately arranged
Implicit – not directly
Explicit – fully and clearly express
something
Claim of fact – based on fact or data
Claim of Value – Prove somethings
comparing to one another
Claim of Policy – Something that should
or not should be done
Intertext - interconnectedness between
different texts

Appropriation – adapting or borrowing a

whole text and making it new

Allusion – The audience/reader has to make

a connection

Parody – it pokes fun

Hypertext – a new way to read online text

that differs from reading the standard linear
text.