SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

EARTH SCIENCE

SELF-LEARNING PACKAGE
Quarter 1 | Week 5

Quality and Availability of Water

for Human Use and Human Activities
that Affect Soil

SHS—Earth Science
Competencies: Suggest ways of conserving and protecting water resources (S11ES-
Ig-16 ); Identify human activities, such as farming, construction of structures, and
waste disposal, that affect the quality and quantity of soil.(S11/12ES-ih-17).
Earth Science – SHS
Self-Learning Package
Quality and Availability of Water for Human Use and
Human Activities that Affect Soil
First Edition, 2020

Published in the Philippines

By the Department of Education
Schools Division of Iloilo
SCIENCE
Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work
of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government
agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such
work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition
the payment of royalties. Quarter 1| Lesson 1

This Self-Learning Package is published to be utilized by the Schools Division of

Iloilo.

ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this learning resource may be reproduced or

transmitted in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical without written
permission from the Schools Division of Iloilo.

Development Team of Self-Learning Package

Writers: Rachelle Ann B. Amparo

Illustrator: Armand Glenn S. Lapor

Layout Artists: Lilibeth E. Larupay, Armand Glenn S. Lapor, Zaldy M. Tondo

Emmanuel S. Sasi

Reviewer: Zaldy M. Tondo

Division Quality Assurance Team: Lilibeth E. Larupay, Zaldy M. Tondo

Armand Glenn S. Lapor

Management Team: Dr. Roel F. Bermejo, Dr. Nordy D. Siason

Dr. Lilibeth T. Estoque, Dr. Azucena T. Falales
Ruben S. Libutaque, Lilibeth E. Larupay
Zaldy M. Tondo

SHS—Earth Science
Competencies: Suggest ways of conserving and protecting water resources (S11ES-
Ig-16 ); Identify human activities, such as farming, construction of structures, and
waste disposal, that affect the quality and quantity of soil.(S11/12ES-ih-17).
Introductory Message
Welcome!

The Self-Learning Package for Senior High School is developed to guide you
our dear learners to meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum.

The Self-Learning Package aims to guide our learners in accomplishing activi-

ties at their own pace and time. This also aims to assist learners in developing and
SCIENCE
achieving the lifelong learning skills while considering their needs and situations.

For learning facilitator: Quarter 1| Lesson 1

The Self-Learning Package is developed to address the current needs of the
learner to continue learning in the comforts of their homes or learning centers. As the
learning facilitator, make sure that you give them clear instructions on how to study
and accomplish the given activities in the material. Learner’s progress must be
monitored.

For the learner:

The Self-Learning Package is developed to help you, dear learner, in your needs
to continue learning even if you are not in school. This learning material aims to
primarily provide you with meaningful and engaging activities for independent
learning. Being an active learner, carefully read and understand to follow the
instructions given.

REMEMBER ….
To answer the given exercises, questions and assessment, USE your Activity
Notebook or Answer Sheet. When you are DONE, wait for the teacher/volunteer to
collect your activity notebook/ answer sheet.

Good luck and God bless.

SHS—Earth Science
Competencies: Suggest ways of conserving and protecting water resources (S11ES-
Ig-16 ); Identify human activities, such as farming, construction of structures, and
waste disposal, that affect the quality and quantity of soil.(S11/12ES-ih-17).
 SELF-LEARNING PACKAGE IN

EARTH SCIENCE
Quality and Availability of Water for Human Use

Learning Competency:
Suggest ways of conserving and protecting water re-
sources (S11ES-Ig-16 )
 Lesson 1 ( Competency 10)

Ready to Launch!
Learning from the previous module, water is an important natural re-
source. Most life processes use water. The earth’s surface itself is being shaped by
water. The earth’s climate and weather are influenced by water.
It is quite easy to think that water will always be abundant since the Earth is
thought to be covered with 70% of water. However, the one needed by all living or-
ganisms, the freshwater – the one we drink, bathe in, irrigate our farm fields
with is incredibly rare. This module will help give you real situations of water scar-
city and suggestions and ways to protect water resources.

Aim at the Target!

In this module, you will be to:

• Explain how different activities affect the quality and availability of water for hu-
man use. (S11ES-Ig-16 )

Try This!

Task 1: Directions: Read and analyze the following questions. Blacken the circle of
the letter that best answers each question.

1. The Earth is made up of ___ water.

A. 30 % C. 70 %
B. 60 % D. 80 %
2. How many of the world’s water is fresh water?
A. 10 % C. 5 %
B. 8 % D. 3 %
3. Which scenario can help conserve water sources?
A. Using sprayers rather than immersion methods to water crops
B. Using traditional methods of watering crops in agriculture
C. The government prioritizes policies on water conservation
D. Water metering, calculating and monitoring
 Try This!

4. Which statement situation can consume water lesser than usual?

A. Shut water off while brushing teeth.
B. Run full loads of dishes and laundry.
C. Check for leaky faucets and have them fixed.
D. Take hours of showers.
5. Diego is a water advocate. Which among the suggestions below can Diego give to
help protect our water?
A. Support landscaping and land transformation
B. Promote uncontrolled urban growth and Industrialization
C. Promote the use of fertilizer in agriculture
D. Choose non-toxic household products whenever possible.

Keep This in Mind!

Task 1: Awareness ALERT!
Directions: Read the infographic below on water crisis. Assess your awareness lev-
el by answering the “awareness check” section below. Do this on your answer sheet.

Source: https://venngage.com/templates/infographics/water-crisise
 Keep This in Mind!

Information from the in- Information from the in-

fographics that you are fographics that you are NOT
aware of already
aware of and surprises you!

__________________ _________________
__________________ _________________
__________________ _________________
__________________ _________________
__________________ _________________
__________________ _________________
__________________ _________________
_________________

The Documentation

The Luck and the Lacking of Safe Water:

A Story of Sanitation
by Sarah Jones

A Lack of Clean Water and Sanitation in the Philippines Kills 55 People

Every Day
Some 10 percent of Filipinos defecate in open places like rivers, fields, and
roadsides, leading to the spread of disease.
By Sarah Jones

Mar 28 2015, 2:40am

Last September, Suzette Flores knew something was wrong when her tod-
dler, Rob Ezequiel Garcia, vomited five times in a single day. It was the
first time her 19-month-old son had ever been so sick, she said. When he
developed a fever, she rushed him to the hospital.
Keep This in Mind!
The Luck and the Lacking of Safe Water:
A Story of Sanitation
by Sarah Jones

"Five hours later he died," the 31-year-old said of her only born child.
"In those last five hours he was having seizures."
Doctors told Suzette that her child most likely died of bacterial menin-
gitis, an infection that swells and inflames the membranes covering
the brain and spinal cord. Doctors said the boy likely contracted the
infection by coming into contact with fecal material in his environ-
ment.

The disposal and treatment of human waste is a serious issue in the

Philippines. The country's National Sewerage and Septage Manage-
ment Program (NSSMP) says around 55 people die every day in the
country of nearly 100 million because more than 90 percent of the
country's sewage is not collected or treated properly. Only 10 per-
cent of the country's population has access to piped sewage systems;
and the NSSMP says that many Filipinos who have toilets "do not
have septic tanks; many septic tanks have open bottoms; and most
septic tanks are not regularly dislodged and the septage removed is
not treated and disposed of properly."
"Over 30 million people in the Philippines do not have access to im-
proved sanitation facilities," says Katrina Arianne Ebora, who works
on UNICEF's Water, Sanitation and Hygiene program in the Philip-
pines.

"Out of this, 7.8 million people, or roughly 8 percent of the country's

population don't have access to sanitation facilities at all - [thus they]
resort to open defecation, meaning they have to defecate in the bush-
es, in the field, or at the seashore," she said.

Every day nearly 10 million (or 1 in 10) Filipinos defecate in open

places or use a plastic bag that is then thrown out with the
trash, according to the United Nations' Sustainable Development
Fund, which is lower than the international average of 1 in 7 people.
 Keep This in Mind!

Suzette is one of those who has no access to proper sanitation facilities. She
lives in Tondo, a Manila neighborhood that is one of the world's most
densely populated slums. On the walls of her home are framed pictures of
her son and a bicycle that's the perfect size for a young boy learning to ride
a bike.

Suzette is one of roughly 5 million Manila residents - around 37 percent of

the capital region's population of 12 million - who live in slums. Like many
families in Tondo, Suzette and her husband can't afford a toilet because it
costs around 8,000 pesos (about $180). In Tondo, families who can't afford
a toilets usually defecate in a plastic bag.

Suzette Flores says she would like to have access to a sanitary way to dis-
pose of her and her family's waste, like a toilet, because it would be more
comfortable and it would be healthier.

But it's a slightly different reality for toddlers like Zaldey Manlapaz, who are
not yet potty-trained and whose families can't afford diapers.

Zaldey is only two years old. He was eating rice on a table in front of his
house when he had to go to the bathroom. His mother, Issa, says that he
usually poops on paper or plastic because diapers are too expensive.

A CHILD ON THE STREET IN TONDO, MANILA. PHOTO BY SARAH

JONES.
 Keep This in Mind!

When walking around Tondo, a Manila slum, it is not uncommon to

see toddlers in shirts but without pants. Water costs about 3 pesos
per container and it would take a lot of water to clean a cloth diaper.
Zaldey pooped on the table where he was eating, bits of rice still on his
face. Issa said she will collect the waste and place it in a plastic bag
and add it the pile of plastic bags in her and her family's waste and
garbage. Garbage trucks come into the neighborhood every morning
around 9 or 10am and collect the bags of waste, according to resi-
dents. But the plastic bags are far from sanitary: bags break or
are torn open by animals, thus spilling their contents
and contaminating the area and leaving residents exposed to human
waste.

Issa says she and her family often get ill, and have diarrhea all the
time. Zaldey climbed off the table where he was eating and continued
to use the bathroom while he was standing. This was not unusual for
the community. When Zaldey was done pooping his mother put her
cell phone away and followed her son to a basin where he was waiting
to be washed. Issa said that if she would prefer to have a toilet, but
the government has not provided one and she cannot afford one.

Task 3: Answer the following questions based on the story you have read. Do this on
your answer sheet.

1. What situation or situations describes why Philippines lacks safe water and
sanitation?
2. Why a family like Suzette Flores cannot access to proper sanitation of dispos-
ing waste?
3. The story was written 5 years ago (March 8, 2015). Today is 2020. After 5
years, do you think the same situation in the story is still happening? Cite
examples or instances in your community. (TAKE TIME TO REFLECT)
 Keep This in Mind!
Task 4: Read the following scenarios and ENCIRCLE which can lead to conserving
and protecting water resources.

Scenario 1:

This is Diego’s routine everyday. He brushes his teeth using a glass and makes sure
that water is enough for him to properly do it. He takes short showers, and attends
immediately fixing leaks & turns off the water when not in use.

Scenario 2:

This is Rey’s routine everyday. He brushes his teeth with water coming out from the
faucet without using a glass. He sometimes, do other things neglecting the faucet is
not yet turned off. He takes showers for an hour and spends a tremendous amount
of water. When there are leaks in their water line, Rey is lazy enough to fix.

Scenario 3:

Agnes lives in a countryside where rivers and lakes are prominently situated. Her
family invested in hog raising business. Along with Agnes’ family, there were 180
backyard piggeries found in their community. People there thought of having this
livelihood of the convenience by simply flowing the waste of their hogs into the river
nearby.

Scenario 4:

Mariel lives in a similar place like Agnes. Mariel’s community has a hectare lots for
pig farms. People there process hog waste using biogas digesters. Wastes were not
allowed to freely flow into the water but were processed to be useful like biogas.

Scenario 5:

XYZ Manufacturing is an industry that uses a large amount of water, as part of their
vision, the manufacturing company invested in reuse and conservation techniques by
upgrading their technology, fixing leaks, and so forth.

Scenario 6:

ABC is a group with agricultural lands. On a larger scale, it uses a large amount of
water. It does not mind updating old technology and investing in new methods to
transport and hydrate crops. ABC group still uses immersion methods to water crops.
 Keep This in Mind!

Points for discussion:

Water covers 70% of our planet, given this percentage it seems that water is al-
ways plenty. However, freshwater—the stuff we drink, bathe in, irrigate our farm
fields with—is incredibly rare. Only 3% of the world’s water is fresh water, and two-
thirds of that is tucked away in frozen glaciers or otherwise una-
vailable for our use (World Wildlife, 2020).
Worldwide, 780 million people do not have access to an im-
proved water source. An estimated 2.5 billion people lack
access to improved sanitation which is more than 35% of
the world’s population (Centers for Disease Control and Pre-
vention, 2016).
To reach sustainability, water management is important. Water
conservation and protection of its sources can be done at home, at the community,
and in agriculture and industries.
At Home
What if you wanted a glass of water one morning and all of the water was gone?
What would you do? Home is where the basic for survival must be learned. The follow-
ing are tips that can help conserve water at home.
1. Check your toilet for leaks.
2. Take shorter showers
3. Install water-saving shower heads or flow restrictors
4. Turn off the water while brushing your teeth
5. Check faucets and pipes for leaks
6. Don't let the faucet run while you clean vegetables
7. If you wash dishes by hand, don't leave the water running for rinsing
8. Check faucets and pipes for leaks
9. Use a broom to clean driveways, sidewalks and steps
10. Water the plants during the cool parts of the day
Source: https://www.volusia.org/

At the community
Every community that you are in can be responsible enough to protect water
sources. Contaminated groundwater is very difficult and expensive to
clean up. One of the best things to do is adopt pollution prevention
and conservation practices in order to protect important groundwa-
ter supplies from being contaminated or depleted.
1. Dispose of chemicals properly.
 Keep This in Mind!
2. Limit the amount of fertilizer used on plants.
3. Do not throw garbage into the river that might pollute water tables.
4. Lessen the use of industrial chemical or do not use at all.
5. People engage in hog raising should process hog waste using biogas digesters.
Source: https://www.wdhopperwaterwells.com/protecting_our_water.php

In Agriculture and Industries

On a larger scale, agriculture uses a large amount of water. Thus, updating old tech-
nology and investing in new methods to transport and hydrate crops and pastures
could potentially conserve a large amount of water.
1. Using sprayers rather than immersion methods to water crops saves a great deal
of water.

Watering crops using immersion retrieved Using sprayers to water crops retrieved from http://
from http://www.globalspec.com/learnmore/ www.shutterstock.com/video/clip-6082322-stock-footage-
specialized_industrial_products/ village-of-bwe-democratic-republic-of-the-congo-july-
agricultural_farming_products_services_equipment unidentified-man-harvesting-in.html

2. Companies can invest in reuse and conservation techniques by upgrading their

technology, fixing leaks, and so forth.
3. Government uses policy to conserve water. For example, policies
limiting water use during droughts can be effective tools. Charg-
ing higher rates for water during times when it is scarce or
charging more money for water as a person uses more of it can
conserve water by encouraging users to manage with less.
 Keep This in Mind!
4. Water metering, when the amount of water used is actually calculated and can be
monitored, can save water. Metering can help detect leaks and can lead to
behavioral changes, if people are aware of how much water they use.
5. Education is another method that can conserve water. Teaching people about wa-
ter use and conservation can be effective. For example, rather than land-
scaping with plants that consume a great deal of water, choosing plants
that are native and better adapted to the natural environment can save a
great deal of water.
Source: https://socratic.org/questions/how-can-water-resources-be-conserved

Corona Virus Disease 2019 (CoVid-19) has put the World into a halt. A pandemic
that has caused death of millions of people around the world. During this time
“Quarantine” became a word “normal” to all, which mandated people
to stay home. Economy was affected so much since many establish-
ments were needed to be closed, except for the food sector. Many
people were temporarily jobless and became dependent on the help
of the government. Anxiety, depression, and fear have wrapped the
minds of every individual and the community as a whole. The pan-
demic that assumed to become part of history is up to this time, the
end is yet to be told.
All people in different walks of life and every living creature were affected.
At a minimum, everyone is reminded of:
1. Healthy lifestyle of Individual
2. Proper hygiene like hand washing, disinfection and sanitation
3. Physical distancing
4. Isolation of the sick

During the pandemic the role of handwashing has been a top empha-
sis to really be practiced all the time.
Recall the story written by Sarah Jones. Imagine the life of Suzette,
and Zaldey during this pandemic, were water is a scarcity. How could they
practice handwashing, sanitation, and healthy lifestyle?

Task 5: Write your Thoughts. Do this on your answer sheet.

A. At the moment, you are at home. Thinking of the situation of Suzette and Zaldey
in the story written by Sarah Jones. Since you learned that there are people in
other parts of the Philippines who do not enjoy the luxury of safe water, what
would you tell those who have a lot of water on ways in conserving water.
Write down your suggestions on how to conserve water at home.
 Keep This in Mind!
B. During this trying time (pandemic), the role and the actions done by the govern-
ment were witnessed by the Filipino people. Think of your self as one of the Gov-
ernment Officials who is crafting on a plan to help protect water resources. This
plan aims to promote sustainability of water in the future. Write your suggestion
that will be included in the PLAN.

Reflect

Directions: The pandemic has tested our faith and our fervent prayer has become
our powerful tool. Read the scripture reading below, and reflect on God’ message to
us and the importance of water in our life.

Hebrews 10:22

Let us draw near with true heart in full assurance of faith, having our hearts
sprinkled from an evil conscience, and our bodies washed with pure water.

Reinforcement & Enrichment

Direction: Create an infographic suggesting ways on how to conserve and protect

water resources. You may have your scope at home, at the community, or in indus-
tries, farming and agriculture. Do this on your answer sheet.

Rubrics: Design – 5 points Content – 10 points Clarity – 5 points

 Assess Your Learning
Task 1: Directions: Read and analyze the following questions. Blacken the circle of
the letter that best answers each question.

1. The Earth is made up of ___ water.

A. 30 % C. 70 %
B. 60 % D. 80 %
2. How many of the world’s water is fresh water?
A. 10 % C. 5 %
B. 8 % D. 3 %
3. Which scenario can help conserve water sources?
A. Using sprayers rather than immersion methods to water crops
B. Using traditional methods of watering crops in agriculture
C. The government prioritizes policies on water conservation
D. Water metering, calculating and monitoring

4. Which statement situation can consume water lesser than usual?

A. Shut water off while brushing teeth.
B. Run full loads of dishes and laundry.
C. Check for leaky faucets and have them fixed.
D. Take hours of showers.
5. Diego is a water advocate. Which among the suggestions below can Diego give to
help protect our water?
A. Support landscaping and land transformation
B. Promote uncontrolled urban growth and Industrialization
C. Promote the use of fertilizer in agriculture
D. Choose non-toxic household products whenever possible.
 SELF-LEARNING PACKAGE IN

EARTH SCIENCE
Human Activities that Affect Soil
Learning Competency:
Identify human activities, such as farming,
construction of structures, and waste dis-
posal, that affect the quality and quantity
of soil.(S11/12ES-ih-17)
 Lesson 2 ( Competency 11)

Ready to Launch!
Soil helps sustain life on Earth—including your life. You already know
that soil supports the growth of plants, which in turn supply food for animals and
humans. Therefore, soil provides you with nearly all the food you eat. But that’s not
all.
Are you ready? Let’s get started!

Aim at the Target!

In this module, you will be to:

• Explain how different activities affect the quality and availability of water for hu-
man use. (S11ES-Ig-16 )

Try This!

Task 1: Write the correct letter that best answers each question. Do this on your an-
swer sheet.
1. People often add nutrients to soil in the form of organic or artificial fertilizers to
make their crops grow better.
A. Construction and Development
B. Farming
C. Mining
D. Waste Disposal
2. People need to dig up the soil which causes it to wash or blow away because its
protective plant cover has been removed to make roads, houses, shopping malls,
and other buildings.
A. Construction and Development
B. Farming
C. Mining
D. Waste Disposal
3. People clear trees and other plants and plow up the soil to plant crops.
A. Construction and Development
B. Farming
C. Mining
D. Waste Disposal
 Try This!

4. People throw waste products which are full of chemicals which are not originally
found in nature and lead to soil pollution.
A. Construction and Development
B. Farming
C. Mining
D. Waste Disposal
5. People produce a certain amount of personal waste products by way of urine and
feces.
A. Construction and Development
B. Farming
C. Mining
D. Waste Disposal

Keep This in Mind!

Task 1: What affects soil?

Direction: Using the checklist below, put a check whether the given activity affects
the soil or not. Do this on your answer sheet.

Activity Affect the Does Not

Soil Affect the
Soil
1. People often sweep the ground.

2. People dump garbage on their backyard.

3. People clear trees and other plants to plant

crops.

4. People cultivate the soil in the garden.

5. People often add nutrients to soil in the form

of organic or artificial fertilizers to make crops grow bet-
ter.
 Keep This in Mind!

Analysis
• In what ways do human affect quality and quantity of soil?

• Why soil is necessary?

• What is the impact of human activities in soil?

Abstraction ang Generalization

Human activities that affect soil

1. Farming
The most important in the society because almost all of the
world’s food is grown on farms. Over the 10,000 years hu-
mans have been farming, people have continually improved
their farming methods. However, farming has some harmful
effects and can lead to soil loss. Farmers often add nutrients
to soil in the form of organic or artificial fertilizers to make
their crops grow better. However, some fertilizers can make it
difficult for microorganisms in the soil to produce nutrients
naturally. Fertilizers also add to water pollution when rain-
water draining from fields carries the excess nutrients to riv-
ers, lakes, and oceans. Over time, many farming practices Fig 1.1 Farming is an example of
lead to the loss of soil. All over the world, farmers clear how humans impact the ecosys-
tems as well as soil.
trees and other plants and plow up the soil to plant crops.
Without its natural plant cover, the soil is more exposed to rain and wind and is
therefore more likely to get washed or blown away.
2. Construction and Development

To make roads, houses, shopping malls, and other buildings, people need
to dig up the soil. Some of the soil at construction sites washes or blows
away because its protective plant cover has been removed. The soil that is
washed or blown away ends up in nearby low-lying areas, in rivers and
streams, or in downstream lakes or reservoirs. This soil can cause prob-
lems by making rivers and lakes muddy and harming the organisms that
live in them.

Fig 1.2 To make various buildings and sites people need

to dig up soil. A lot of this can cause the soil to wash or
to be blown away which can cause rivers and lakes to
 Keep This in Mind!
Mining
Some methods of mining cause soil loss. For
example, the digging of strip mines and open-pit
mines involves the removal of plants and soil from
the surface of the ground. By exposing rocks and
minerals to the air and to rainwater, these forms of
mining speed up the rate of chemical weather-
Fig 1.3 A nickel mine in Claver, Surigao del Norte as seen
during the aerial survey by Sec. Gina Lopez, of DENR
ing. In mining operations that expose sulfide
minerals, the increased chemical weathering
causes a type of pollution known as acid drainage. Abandoned mines can fill with
rainwater. Sulfide minerals react with the air and the water to produce sulfuric acid.
Then the acid water drains from the mines, polluting the soil in surrounding areas.

PROTECTION AND CONSERVATION OF SOIL

Soil can be protected and conserved. Soil conservation is very important, because
soil can be difficult or impossible to replace once it has been lost. Soil takes a very
long time to form. A soil with well-developed horizons may take hundreds of thou-
sands of years to form! Most soil conservation methods are designed to hold soil in
place and keep it fertile. Below are descriptions of a few of the many soil conservation
methods that are used by farmers around the world.

Crop rotation is the practice of planting different crops on the same field in different
years or growing seasons. Grain crops, such as wheat, use up a lot of the nitrogen—a
necessary plant nutrient—in the soil. The roots of bean crops, such as soybeans, con-
tain bacteria that restore nitrogen to the soil. By rotating these crops, farmers can
help maintain soil fertility.
Conservation tillage includes sev-
eral methods of reducing the num-
ber of times fields are tilled, or
plowed, in a year. The less soil is
disturbed by plowing, the less likely
it is to be washed or blown away. In
one method of conservation tillage,
fields are not plowed at all. The re-
mains of harvested crops are simply left on the fields to cover and protect the soil.
New seeds are planted in narrow bands of soil.
 Keep This in Mind!

Terraces are flat, step-like areas built on a hillside to hold

rainwater and prevent it from running downhill. Crops are
planted on the flat tops of the terraces.

The Banaue Rice Terraces (Filipino: Hagdan-hagdang Palayan

ng Banawe) are terraces that were carved into the mountains
of Banaue, Ifugao, in the Philippines, by the ancestors of the
indigenous people. The terraces are occasionally called the
"Eighth Wonder of the World".

Conservation tillage includes several methods of reducing

the number of times fields are tilled, or plowed, in a year. The
less soil is disturbed by plowing, the less likely it is to be
washed or blown away. In one method of conservation tillage,
fields are not plowed at all. The remains of harvested crops are
simply left on the fields to cover and protect the soil. New
seeds are planted in narrow bands of soil.

Answer the following questions. Do this on your answer

sheet.
1. How do land-use practices in farming, construction and development, mining and waste dis-
posal affect soil?

2. What human activities are dependent on the use of soil as a resource and how these activi-
ties affect soil quality?

Reflect
My Pera sa Basura
Money can be made from discarded materials by doing the following:
1. Research on which discarded material can be sold and what price (glass, plastic
bottles, old newspaper, tin cans, discarded metals, etc.)
2. Ask around the community if there are facilities or people who buy these materials
and make the necessary arrangements for pick up (since we are stay at home).
3. Segregate your solid waste accordingly by separating waste that can be sold to the
local junkshop or materials recovery facility (MRF).
4. Use the income generated to help the people in need in this challenging times-
COVID-19 Pandemic

• From the income generated, in what way(s) will you use the money in order to
help the people who have been affected by COVID 19?
What have you learned?
 Reinforcement & Enrichment

Procedure:

Look outside for evidence of ways that people have affected the soil. Make a list of all
the things that you can see or think of. Use your list to make a two-column table with
the headings “Activity” and “Effects.” Do this on your answer sheet.

Assess Your Learning

Direction: Write True if the statement is correct and False if not. Do this on your
answer sheet.
_____1. In farming, people often add nutrients to soil in the form of organic or artifi-
cial fertilizers to make their crops grow better.

_____2. Construction and development occurs when people dig up the soil which
causes it to wash or blow away because its protective plant cover has been
removed to make roads, houses, shopping malls, and other buildings.
____3. Clearing trees and other plants and plowing up the soil to plant crops in-
creases the quantity and quality of the soil.

_____4. Throwing waste products which are full of chemicals which are not originally
found in nature can lead to soil pollution.

_____5. People produce a certain amount of personal waste products by way of urine
and feces.
 References & Photo Credits
Olivar, J II., Rodolfo, R., Cabria, H. Exploring life through science- Earth Science. Phoe-
nix Publishing House Inc. (2016).
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2016). Global wash fast facts. Retrieved
from https://www.cdc.gov/healthywater/global/wash_statistics.html
Hamers, L. (2018). Science news for students. Retrieved from https://
www.sciencenewsforstudents.org/
Volusia Organization. (2020). Ways to save water. Retrieved from https://
www.volusia.org/
World Wildlife Organization. (2020). Water scarcity. Retrieved from https://
www.worldwildlife.org
https://socratic.org/questions/how-can-water-resources-be-conserved
WD Hopper Water Wells. (n.d.) Protecting Our Water - Top 10 ways to protect and con-
serve groundwater . retrieved from https://www.wdhopperwaterwells.com/
protecting_our_water.php
Classzone. (2008). Human activities affect soil. Retrived from https://
www.classzone.com/science_book
Prezi. (2020). Human activities that affects the quality and quantity of soil. Retrieved
from https://prezi.com/0jzytkrmousm/human-activities-that-affects-the-
quality-and-quantity-of-so/
WATER CLIPART. https://greenliving.lovetoknow.com/environmental-issues/save-
water-slogans

WATER. http://clipart-library.com/water-splash-clipart.html

HANDWASHING. https://fr.vecteezy.com/art-vectoriel/
REMINDER. https://webstockreview.net/image/reminder-clipart/225822.html

CORONA VIRUS. https://www.shutterstock.com/search/corona+virus:

HOME. http://clipart-library.com/clipart/home-clip-art-48.htm

COMMUNITY. https://www.clipartkey.com/view/wmbwx_community-png-pic-logo-
self-help-group/
WATERING CROPS. http://www.globalspec.com/learnmore/