Phys Chem CHGV 101 Tutorials

Chapter 2: THERMOCHEMISTRY

1. Suppose we confine 1 g of butane and sufficient oxygen to completely combust it in a

cylinder. The cylinder is perfectly insulating, so no heat can escape to the surroundings.
A spark initiates combustion of the butane, which forms carbon dioxide and water vapor.
If we used this apparatus to measure the enthalpy change in the reaction, would the piston
rise, fall, or stay the same?

2. (a) How much heat is needed to warm 250 g of water (about 1 cup) from 22°C (about room
temperature) to near its boiling point, 98°C? The specific heat of water is 4.184 J/g.°C.

(b) What is the molar heat capacity of water?

3. A mass of 50.0 g of iron at 225 ºC was brought into contact with 50.0 g of gold at room
temperature (25.0 ºC). Assuming no heat is lost to the surroundings, what will be the
temperature when the two metals reach thermal equilibrium? (Specific heat capacity of
iron = 0.449 J/g. ºC and gold = 0.128 J/g. ºC)

4. When a student mixes 50 mL of 1.0 M HCl and 50 mL of 1.0 M NaOH in a coffee-cup

calorimeter, the temperature of the resultant solution increases from 21.0°C to 27.5°C.
Calculate the enthalpy change for the reaction in kJ/mol HCl, assuming that the
calorimeter loses only a negligible quantity of heat, that the total volume of the solution
is 100 mL, that its density is 1.0 g/mL, and that its specific heat is 4.18 J/g K.

5. The standard enthalpy change for the reaction:

CaCO3(s) → CaO(s) + CO2(g)

is 178.1 kJ. From the values for the standard enthalpies of formation of CaO(s) and CO2(g)
given in Table of Standard enthalpies of formation in textbook, calculate the standard
enthalpy of formation of CaCO3(s).

6. Calculate ∆H for the reaction:

2C (s) + H2 (g) → C2H2 (g)

given the following chemical equations and their respective enthalpy changes:

(1) C2H2(g) + 5/2 O2(g) → 2 CO2(g) + H2O(l) ∆H°rxn = -1299.6 kJ

(2) C(g) + O2(g) → CO2(g) ∆H°rxn = -393.5 kJ

(3) H2(g) + ½ O2(g) → H2O(l) ∆H°rxn = -285.8 kJ

8. The decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) into oxygen and water is shown in the
equation below. How much heat is released when 5.0 g of H2O2 decomposes at constant
pressure?

H2O2(l) → 2H2O(l) + O2(g) ∆H reaction = -196 kJ

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