Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Voices Intermediate Wordlist
Voices Intermediate Wordlist
Voices Intermediate Wordlist
1 All about me
PAGE 11 get to know /gɛt tuː nəʊ/ phrasal verb
if you get to know someone, you learn about them
skim /skɪm/ verb by spending time with them
if you skim something, you read through it quickly Anton and Beatriz are trying to get to know their
and not in detail new neighbour.
It took Joe five minutes to skim through the whole
judge /ˈʤʌʤ/ verb
book.
if you judge something, you think about it carefully
habit /ˈhæbɪt/ noun and decide how you feel
a habit is something you do often without thinking Athena was asked to judge the singing competition
about it and choose a winner.
Exercising every day is a good habit.
tend /tɛnd/ verb
personality /ˌpɜː(r)səˈnæləti/ noun if you tend to do something, you usually do it
your personality is all of the qualities that make you Adam tends to fall asleep in front of the TV in the
different from other people evening.
Alva has a very positive personality.
usual /ˈjuːʒʊəl/ adjective
opinion /əˈpɪnjən/ noun something that is usual is normal or common
an opinion is what you think about something or It took Aleksi longer than usual to drive to work this
someone morning.
Ronaldo has a good opinion of Paula and thinks that
suggest /səˈʤɛst/ verb
she’s a nice person.
if you suggest something, you offer an idea for
strategy /ˈstrætɪʤi/ noun people to think about
a strategy is an organized plan to do something I suggest you take a taxi to the museum this
The football team won the game because they had a afternoon.
good strategy.
express /ɪkˈspres/ verb
profile /ˈprəʊfaɪl/ noun if you express something, you say what you think or
a profile is a short description of someone feel about it
Jihoon’s profile on Facebook says he loves playing Meredith’s wide smile expressed her happiness.
football.
aspect /ˈæspɛkt/ noun
curious /ˈkjʊərɪəs/ adjective an aspect of something is a part of it
someone who is curious asks many questions about The training programme covers every aspect of the
something job.
The children were curious during their science lesson.
blog post /blɒg pəʊst/ noun
a blog post is a story or a piece of writing that
PAGE 12 someone puts onto the internet for other people to
read
purpose /ˈpɜː(r)pəs/ noun
Bjorn tries to write a blog post every week about the
the purpose of something is the reason for it
places people should visit.
The main purpose of the company is to print
textbooks.
chat /ʧæt/ verb PAGE 16
if you chat, you have a friendly conversation with
someone characteristic /ˌkærɪktəˈrɪstɪk/ noun
Liani and Fernanda like to chat to each other after a characteristic is a common or special quality of a
work. person, group, action or thing
Being friendly is a good characteristic.
go for walks /ˈgəʊ fɔː wɔːks/ phrase
if you say you go for walks, you mean you spend option /ˈɒpʃən/ noun
time walking for exercise or to relax an option is something that you can choose
Katyrzyna and Ewa like to go for walks in the park. Travelling for a year after school is an option for
Gustavo.
occasionally /əˈkeɪʒnəli/ adverb
if something happens occasionally, it happens best self /ˈbɛst sɛlf/ phrase
sometimes if you say you are your best self, you mean you are
Kathy occasionally goes to the cinema alone. getting the most out of life
Melania feels she is her best self when she is with her
rarely /ˈreəli/ adverb
friends.
if something happens rarely, it does not happen
often situation /ˌsɪtjʊˈeɪʃən/ noun
Marek rarely eats dinner at restaurants. a situation is what is happening in a place at a
specific time
Elaine thought the situation was funny.
PAGE 15
interviewer /ˈɪntəvjuːə/ noun
gym /ʤɪm/ noun an interviewer is a person who asks questions to
a gym is a place where you can go to do exercise find out more about someone
Maja loves to use the running machines at the gym. The interviewer asked Aino many questions.
traffic /ˈtræfɪk/ noun expression /ɪksˈprɛʃən/ noun
traffic is the amount of vehicles on the road an expression is the act of telling or showing
There was so much traffic after work that it took thoughts or feelings
Leanne one hour to get home. Everyone gave an expression of agreement at the
cycle /ˈsaɪk(ə)l/ verb meeting.
if you cycle, you ride a bicycle introduce /ˌɪntrəˈdjuːs/ verb
Many people cycle rather than drive in Amsterdam. if you introduce someone to another person, you
tell that other person about the first person
yoga /ˈjəʊgə/ noun
yoga is a type of exercise that helps you stretch your Let me introduce you to Raj.
muscles and breathe phrase /ˈfreɪz/ noun
Ida goes to yoga classes every day to relax. a phrase is a group of words that are part of a
sentence but don’t have a subject and a verb
expect /ɪksˈpɛkt/ verb
if you expect something, you think it will happen Zhu learned a new phrase while reading the story.
I expect Jan to get home at 6 p.m. reason /ˈriːzn/ noun
a reason is a fact that explains why something is
regular /ˈrɛgjʊlə/ adjective
how it is
something that is regular happens often
Remember to give a reason for your answer.
The store has a lot of regular customers who shop
there every day. speaker /ˈspiːkə(r)/ noun
a speaker is a person who is talking
exercise /ˈɛksəsaɪz/ noun
exercise is when you move your body to keep it The speaker tonight is a well-known scientist.
healthy and strong
Playing football is good exercise.
PAGE 18 easygoing /ˈiːzɪˌgəʊɪŋ/ adjective
someone who is easygoing is relaxed and does not
mention /ˈmɛnʃən/ verb stress easily
if you mention something, you don’t give many Jia is a fun and easygoing person.
details about it
talented /ˈtæləntɪd/ adjective
I’ll mention your ideas to Jacinta.
someone who is talented is very good at something
stranger /ˈstreɪnʤə/ noun Olaf is talented at playing the piano.
a stranger is a person you do not know
graduate /ˈgrædjʊeɪt/ verb
Miya spoke to a stranger while waiting for her bus.
if you graduate, you finish a qualification, like a
show your interest /ʃəʊ jɔːr ˈɪntrɪst/ phrase diploma or a degree
if you show your interest, you say that something Ilan can’t wait to graduate from university.
is interesting to you
marketing /ˈmɑːkɪtɪŋ/ noun
Show your interest in people by listening to them.
marketing is a job that helps to promote and sell
products and services to people
PAGE 19 in marketing
free time /friː taɪm/ phrase Juhee has many friends who work in marketing.
if you say you have free time, you mean you are not advertising /ˈædvətaɪzɪŋ/ noun
busy with anything advertising is a job of designing notices to sell
spend (your) free time products and services to people
In his free time, Istvan likes to play computer games. in advertising
morning person /ˈmɔːnɪŋ ˈpɜːsn/ phrase Sumit works in advertising and is good at selling
if you say someone is a morning person, you mean things.
someone works better in the mornings than the currently /ˈkʌrəntli/ adverb
evenings currently means at this time
Sehee is a morning person. She wakes up at 5 a.m. The orchestra is currently performing in Austria.
generous /ˈʤɛnərəs/ adjective
PAGE 20 a person who is generous is kind and give things to
other people or does things for them
adapt /əˈdæpt/ verb
if you adapt to something, you change to fit it Granny was very generous with the amount of
money she gave me this year.
The writer is going to adapt her book into a movie.
karate /kəˈrɑːti/ noun
direct /daɪˈrɛkt/ adjective
karate is a sport or way of fighting
someone who is direct says what they mean
Ricardo enjoys learning karate as it’s good exercise.
Celia is very direct, but she’s not rude.
respond /rɪsˈpɒnd/ verb
PAGE 21
if you respond to something, you give an answer
with words or an action current /ˈkʌrənt/ adjective
Graciela offered Sven a drink, but he didn’t respond. something that is current is happening at this time
crazy /ˈkreɪzi/ adjective Siiri loves her current job.
something that is crazy is strange or silly match /ˈmæʧ/ verb
Feroz’s ideas can seem a bit crazy at times, but they if something matches something else, it fits well
usually end well. with that thing
description /dɪsˈkrɪpʃən/ noun Juho’s shirt matches Laurie’s shirt today.
a description is information or details about what a
person is like
Lin wrote a short description about himself.
2 Memory
PAGE 22 caving /ˈkeɪvɪŋ/ noun
caving is the activity of moving through caves under
transparency /trænsˈpærənsi/ noun the ground
a transparency is a piece of clear plastic that shows Akeno loves to go caving with his brother.
a photograph
campsite /ˈkæmpˌsaɪt/ noun
Maura printed the photograph on to a transparency.
a campsite is an area where people can sleep
outside
PAGE 23 Santiago found a great campsite to stay at for the
synonym /ˈsɪnənɪm/ noun week.
a synonym is a word that means the same as rock climbing /rɒk ˈklaɪmɪŋ/ noun
another word rock climbing is the activity of climbing the side of
‘Great’ is a synonym for ‘good’. a mountain or rock with your hands, feet and special
equipment
memory /ˈmem(ə)ri/ noun
The mountain had great places for Luciano to go
a memory is something that you remember from the
rock climbing.
past
Zhong has lots of happy memories from his raise /reɪz/ verb
childhood. if you raise money, you do things to collect money
for a special or important purpose
deal with /diːl wɪð/ phrasal verb
The boy washed cars to raise money to help buy new
if you deal with something, you give it your
books for the school.
attention and solve the problem
Maura needs to deal with her stress better. bandage /ˈbændɪdʒ/ noun
a bandage is a piece of cloth that you use to cover a
unfamiliar /ˌʌnfəˈmɪljə(r)/ adjective
part of your body that has been hurt
something that is unfamiliar is something that you
The nurse tied the bandage around Selina’s arm.
do not know about
The man in the film spoke an unfamiliar language.
PAGE 24
subject /ˈsʌbdʒɪkt/ noun
a subject is a topic or an area of knowledge that you relate /rɪˈleɪt/ verb
learn about at school if something relates to something else, there is a link
History is Gael’s favourite subject. between the two things
slide /slaɪd/ noun Juan relates 6 o’clock with dinner time.
a slide is a small photograph that is printed onto necessary /ˈnesəs(ə)ri/ adjective
clear plastic something that is necessary is needed in order to do
Byron showed the slide on the wall behind him for something
the class to see. Alek doesn’t have the necessary tools to fix his bike.
project /ˈprɒdʒekt/ noun reduce /rɪˈdjuːs/ verb
a project is an activity with many different parts if you reduce something, you make it smaller or less
We have a group project to do in this course. Guillermo takes the bus daily to help reduce the
number of cars on the road.
memorize /ˈmeməraɪz/ verb decrease /diːˈkriːs/ verb
if you memorize something, you learn it really well if you decrease something, you make it smaller or
so you can remember it make it less
Kara tries to memorize ten new Spanish words every Sales at the shop have decreased by nearly 30 per
day. cent.
strengthen /ˈstreŋθ(ə)n/ verb diet /ˈdaɪət/ noun
if you strengthen something, you make it stronger a diet is the type of food that you eat regularly
The repairs to the bridge will strengthen it. Abel eats a healthy diet with lots of vegetables.
affect /əˈfekt/ verb sugary /ˈʃʊɡəri/ adjective
if something affects something else, it makes it change something that is sugary is sweet and has a lot of
Getting too little sleep affects Mia’s concentration. sugar in it
research /rɪˈsɜː(r)tʃ/ noun Sugary foods like cake are some of Jessica’s favourite
research is the study of something in lots of detail food.
Horst is still doing research for his PhD. essential /ɪˈsenʃ(ə)l/ adjective
quality /ˈkwɒləti/ noun something that is essential is something that you
the quality of something is how good or well made it is need
The quality of the video was bad. It’s essential to book your tickets early for the show.
PAGE 36 attack /əˈtæk/ noun
an attack is when you begin working on something
dish /dɪʃ/ noun with lots of enthusiasm
a dish is food that has been prepared for a meal Ian attacked the maths problem with confidence.
I ate a dish in Russia that reminded me of my imagine /ɪˈmædʒɪn/ verb
grandmother’s soup.
if you imagine something, you pretend it is
organize /ˈɔː(r)ɡənaɪz/ verb happening and is real
if you organize something, you put the parts into Imagine being able to travel to every country in the
order world.
Jayne organizes her clothes by colour and season.
sequence /ˈsiːkwəns/ noun PAGE 37
a sequence is the order that things are put in
traditional /trəˈdɪʃ(ə)nəl/ adjective
Number the pages in sequence.
something that is traditional is prepared in the same
surprising /sə(r)ˈpraɪzɪŋ/ adjective way it has been prepared for a long time
something that is surprising is something that you Kimchi is a traditional side dish in Korean food.
did not think would happen
buttery /ˈbʌtəri/ adjective
It’s surprising how many people applied for the job.
something that is buttery contains a lot of butter
The toast was hot and buttery.
specific /spəˈsɪfɪk/ adjective takeaway /ˈteɪkəˌweɪ/ noun
something that is specific refers to one person or a takeaway is a meal that you buy from a restaurant
thing and take it to eat somewhere else
Try to be as specific as possible when you ask a Let’s order takeaway for dinner tonight.
question. homemade /ˈhəʊm(ə)meɪd/ adjective
something that is homemade has been made in
PAGE 41 someone’s kitchen and not in a factory or restaurant
Jin’s homemade noodles taste better than the
vegetarian /ˌvedʒəˈteəriən/ noun
restaurant’s ones.
a vegetarian is a person who does not eat meat
My aunt is a vegetarian and doesn’t eat meat at all.
PAGE 44
vegan /ˈviːɡən/ noun
a vegan is a person who does not eat anything from cover /ˈkʌvə(r)/ verb
animals if you cover something, you put something over it
As a vegan, Helga doesn’t even drink cow’s milk. Cover the pot and put it in the oven to stay warm.
sashimi /sæˈʃiːmi/ noun at least /æt ˈliːst/ phrase
sashimi is fish that has been prepared in a special if you say something happens for at least an amount
way and is served without being cooked of time, it happens for no less than that time
Eliana tasted sashimi for the first time when she Seiji plays online games for at least an hour every
visited Japan last year. night.
salmon /ˈsæmən/ noun cook /kʊk/ noun
salmon is a type of fish that is pink a cook is a person who prepares food for other
Salmon is the most delicious fish and healthy as well. people
The cook made a huge pot of pasta.
PAGE 42 tofu /ˈtəʊfuː/ noun
tofu is soft food made from a type of bean
take away /ˈteɪk əˈweɪ/ phrasal verb
Kane eats tofu instead of meat.
if you take away food, you buy it from a restaurant
and take it to eat somewhere else broccoli /ˈbrɒkəli/ noun
Let’s take away our food and eat in the park. broccoli is a vegetable that has green stalks and
leaves
Tim’s daughter thinks broccoli looks like baby trees.
PAGE 43
join /dʒɔɪn/ verb PAGE 45
if you join someone, you meet or come together
with them accurate /ˈækjʊrət/ adjective
Join us tonight for coffee and cake. something that is accurate is true and correct
The time on that clock is accurate.
allergic /əˈlɜː(r)dʒɪk/ adjective
someone who is allergic to something gets sick from common /ˈkɒmən/ adjective
that thing something that is common happens often or is in
Bertha is allergic to nuts so she can’t eat them. large numbers
Snow is common in Canada during the winter.
go bad /ɡəʊ ˈbæd/ phrasal verb
if food goes bad, it is not good to eat because it is stir /stɜː(r)/ verb
too old if you stir something, you move it around to mix it
If you leave food in the fridge for too long, it will go Stir the tea until the sugar is mixed in.
bad.
PAGE 48 PAGE 49
coach /kəʊtʃ/ noun reach for the sky /ˈriːtʃ fɔː(r) ðə ˈskaɪ/ phrase
a coach is a person who teaches people how to be if you say that you are going to reach for the sky,
better in a sport you mean you are trying to achieve a difficult goal
Kenji’s karate coach makes him practise for three Ruta is reaching for the sky with her goal to become
hours every day. an actress.
concentrate /ˈkɒns(ə)nˌtreɪt/ verb hardworking /hɑː(r)d ˈwɜː(r)kɪŋ/ adjective
if you concentrate on something, you give it all your someone who is hardworking puts a lot of effort in
attention and thought their work
Concentrate on hitting the ball when Jasper throws it Paolo got a raise at work because he is hardworking.
to you.
free time /ˈfriː taɪm/ noun
give up /ˈɡɪv ʌp/ phrasal verb your free time is the time when you do not have to
if you give up, you stop doing something work or study and can do what you want
Minhee wanted to give up when she came last in the Eduardo likes to watch sports in his free time.
race.
cost of living /ˈkɒst ɒv ˈlɪvɪŋ/ phrase
push /pʊʃ/ verb the cost of living is the amount of money you need
if you push someone, you encourage them to think to pay for basic things like food, clothes, transport
or do something and your home
Tsiory’s brother pushes him to get better when they The cost of living in Tokyo is very high. It’s not a
play tennis. cheap place to live.
train /treɪn/ verb find time /faɪnd ˈtaɪm/ phrase
if you train for something, especially sports, you if you say you find time for something, you mean
practise it until you do it well you need to plan time for it in your day
Sevcan is training for a 10km cycling race. find time to, find time for
advise /ədˈvaɪz/ verb Eliza tries to find time to play the piano for half an
if you advise someone, you tell them what you think hour every day.
they should do race /reɪs/ verb
The doctor advised Kangdae to get more sleep. if you race in a sport, you join a competition in it
force /fɔː(r)s/ verb Max wants to race in the competition next week.
if you force someone to do something, you make
them do it even if they don’t want to do it
The boy forced me to give him my ball.
tiring /ˈtaɪərɪŋ/ adjective executive /ɪɡˈzekjʊtɪv/ noun
something that is tiring uses all your energy an executive is a person who is a very important
It was so tiring running after the children all day. manager in a business
The executive went to a meeting with the owner of
confident /ˈkɒnfɪd(ə)nt/ adjective
the company.
someone who is confident can do something very
well expert /ˈekspɜː(r)t/ noun
Anaiis is confident that she will get an A in the an expert is someone who is very skilled in
vocabulary test. something or knows a lot about it
Rei is an expert in finance.
qualify /ˈkwɒlɪfaɪ/ verb
if you qualify for something in sport, you pass and challenge /ˈtʃælɪndʒ/ noun
go to the next level a challenge is something that is difficult and tests
Beatrys hopes to qualify for the Olympic team. your skills to do it
Today’s exam was a real challenge.
PAGE 51 praise /preɪz/ noun
praise is the words you say to show that you admire
intention /ɪnˈtenʃ(ə)n/ noun someone or something
an intention is something you want and plan to do Nadezhda deserved the praise she received today for
Ping went shopping with the intention to buy a new saving that boy.
camera.
punish /ˈpʌnɪʃ/ verb
arrangement /əˈreɪndʒmənt/ noun if you punish someone, you make them suffer for
an arrangement is a plan to do something doing something wrong or bad
Adriel made all the arrangements for the party. My parents used to punish me by taking away my
phone.
PAGE 52 purpose /ˈpɜːpəs/ noun
a purpose is a reason or plan that guides what you
motivate /ˈməʊtɪveɪt/ verb
do
if you motivate someone to do something, you
make them excited to do it What’s the purpose of your visit?
Being able to motivate others is a great skill to have. reward /rəˈwɔːd/ noun
a reward is something you give to someone for
scientist /ˈsaɪəntɪst/ noun
doing something well or something good
a scientist is a person who studies or works in
science He deserves a reward for his hard work.
Albert Einstein was a famous scientist. argue /ˈɑː(r)ɡju/ verb
if you argue with someone, you disagree with them
mathematician /ˌmæθ(ə)məˈtɪʃ(ə)n/ noun
angrily
a mathematician is a person who studies or works
with mathematics Mel didn’t want to argue with her sisters.
Sean is not a very good mathematician. offer /ˈɒfə(r)/ verb
when you offer someone something, you give it to
author /ˈɔːθə(r)/ noun
them
an author is a person who writes books
Dante offered me a ride to work this morning.
Burton wants to be an author and write novels.
external /ɪkˈstɜː(r)n(ə)l/ adjective
skier /ˈskiːə(r)/ noun
something that is external comes from outside
a skier is a person who skis either on water or snow
The house has one external door that leads outside.
The skier moved down the mountain smoothly on
their skis.
punishment /ˈpʌnɪʃmənt/ noun embarrassed /ɪmˈbærəst/ adjective
punishment is the act of punishing someone, with a if you feel embarrassed, you feel ashamed or shy
fine or a task, for doing something wrong from too much attention from other people
The punishment for the crime was very strict. Sameera feels embarrassed when she has to sing in
front of other people.
PAGE 53
PAGE 55
lawyer /ˈlɔːjə(r)/ noun
a lawyer is someone whose job is to advise people work with others /wɜː(r)k wɪð ˈʌðə(r)s/ phrase
about the law and speak for them in court if you work with others, you work together to
Sergei needed a lawyer when he went to court. achieve a goal
Shemar works very well with others, so people enjoy
competitive /kəmˈpetətɪv/ adjective
working with him.
if a person is competitive, they always want to win
and be the best out of focus /ˈaʊt ɒv ˈfəʊkəs/ adjective
Kyle is a very competitive person who doesn’t like to something that is out of focus is not clear or easy to
lose. see well
That photograph is very out of focus!
experiment /ɪkˈsperɪmənt/ noun
an experiment is a scientific test you do to learn if accidentally /ˌæksɪˈdent(ə)li/ adverb
something is true if you do something accidentally, you don’t plan to
The experiment showed everyone that my idea was do it
right. Petri accidentally knocked the cup off the table and
lock out /lɒk ˈaʊt/ phrasal verb broke it.
if you lock someone or something out of a place,
you lock the door to stop them from coming inside PAGE 56
again
reflect /rɪˈflekt/ verb
I didn’t mean to lock myself out of my car, but I lost
my keys. if you reflect on something, you think about it very
carefully and seriously
vibrate /vaɪˈbreɪt/ verb to reflect
if something vibrates, it moves in a steady but fast
She paused to reflect on what she had achieved.
back and forth movement
The floor started to vibrate when my music was too realistic /ˌrɪəˈlɪstɪk/ adjective
loud. if you are realistic, you see things as they really are
and are practical
Prakesh needs to set realistic deadlines for himself.
PAGE 54
suggestion /səˈdʒestʃ(ə)n/ noun PAGE 57
if you make a suggestion, you offer an idea for
someone to think about username /ˈjuːzə(r)ˌneɪm/ noun
make a suggestion a username is the special name you choose, or are
given, when you join a website or an app
Qiang made a great suggestion in the meeting
yesterday. Anwar couldn’t play the game last night because he
forgot his username.
flatmate /ˈflætˌmeɪt/ noun
a flatmate is someone who lives in the same flat as response /rɪˈspɒns/ noun
you a response is a reply or answer to a question
Albetza’s flatmate goes to the same university as her. The company did not give a response to my email.
PAGE 61 PAGE 63
develop /dɪˈveləp/ verb karaoke /ˌkæriˈəʊki/ noun
if you develop something, you create something karaoke is a type of entertainment with just music
new so you can sing the words of the songs
We are trying to develop a new way to sell this Let’s do some karaoke tonight after dinner.
product. air conditioning /ˈeə(r) kənˈdɪʃ(ə)nɪŋ/ noun
series /ˈsɪəriːz/ noun air conditioning is a system in cars and buildings
a series is a group of TV or radio shows that have that makes the air cooler
the same characters or story You have to have air conditioning in Daegu, South
The new series on TV is so funny. Korea, because it gets so hot in summer.
best-selling /ˈbest ˈselɪŋ/ adjective allow /əˈlaʊ/ verb
something that is best-selling has more people if you allow someone to do something, you let them
buying it than other things like it during a specific do it
time This hotel does not allow people to bring their pets.
Jake’s book is the best-selling one of the year!
life-changing /ˈlaɪf tʃeɪndʒɪŋ/ adjective PAGE 64
something that is life-changing makes a big change
to the way you think, do or feel about things around weird /wɪə(r)d/ adjective
you something that is weird is unexpected, unusual or
Jelena’s decision to become a teacher was life- strange
changing for her. Khairi thought it was weird when he couldn’t find his
keys on the table.
recommend /ˌrekəˈmend/ verb
if you recommend that someone does something, disgusting /dɪsˈɡʌstɪŋ/ adjective
you tell them you think it’s a good idea to do it something that is disgusting is extremely unpleasant
Can you recommend a good dictionary? The smell of rotten fish is disgusting.
emotional /ɪˈməʊʃ(ə)nəl/ adjective enormous /ɪˈnɔːməs/ adjective
when you do something for emotional reasons, you something that is enormous is very big in size or
do it because you have strong feelings about it number
Shevehenko made an emotional return to his first The Pacific Ocean contains an enormous amount of
football club. water.
filthy /ˈfɪlθi/ adjective
PAGE 62 something that is filthy is extremely dirty
Kara’s hands were filthy after working in the garden.
windsurfing /ˈwɪn(d)ˌsɜː(r)fɪŋ/ noun
freezing /ˈfriːzɪŋ/ adjective
windsurfing is a sport where you stand on a board
that has a sail and the wind blows into it to move something that is freezing is very, very cold
you along It’s freezing tonight. The temperature is below 0
Khairi wants to try windsurfing when he goes to degrees celsius.
Australia. spectacular /spekˈtækjələ(r)/ adjective
hiking /ˈhaɪkɪŋ/ noun something that is spectacular is very surprising,
if you go hiking, you go for a long walk, usually in exciting or good
the countryside or mountains This morning’s sunrise was spectacular.
go hiking tiny /ˈtaɪni/ adjective
We’re going to do some hiking this summer. something that is tiny is very, very small
The baby’s hands are tiny.
provide prəˈvaɪd/ verb
if you provide something, you give people
something they need at a specific time
We will provide lunch during the workshop.
check-in /ˈtʃek ɪn/ noun
check-in is the process you do when you arrive at a
hotel, rental, airport etc. where you give your details
and get the key for your room
Check-in can be done between 14:00 and 18:00.
let you in /ˈlet juː ɪn/ phrasal verb
if someone lets you in somewhere, they open a
gate/door and give you access
Raina will let you in when you arrive at the house.
help yourself /ˈhelp jə(r)ˈself/ phrase
if you tell someone help yourself, you mean you are
giving them permission to do or use something
Please help yourself to sugar and milk for your tea.
PAGE 69
arrange /əˈreɪndʒ/ verb
if you arrange something, you make a plan to do it
Let’s arrange a time to go and watch a film together.
availability /əˌveɪləˈbɪləti/ noun
availability is when something is able to be used or
done
The availability of flights is limited during the
summer.
nearby /ˌnɪə(r)ˈbaɪ/ adverb
if something is nearby, it is close and not far away
Is there a bus stop nearby?
essential /ɪˈsenʃ(ə)l/ adjective
something that is essential, is very important
Previous experience is essential for this job.
6 Journeys
PAGE 71 community /kəˈmjuːnəti/ noun
a community is a group of people who share a way
backpacking /ˈbækˌpækɪŋ/ noun of living, interests, jobs, etc.
backpacking is when you travel in a cheap way and The community is creating a shared garden where
usually camp or stay in hostels everyone can grow vegetables.
Voula and Gregori are going backpacking in Laos
way of life /weɪ əv ˈlaɪf/ phrase
next month.
a way of life is how you choose to live your life
stupidly /ˈstjuːpɪdli/ adverb either as an individual or in a group
if you do something stupidly, you do it in a silly way YeSeong adapted easily to the Finnish way of life.
We stupidly locked the keys in the car.
scenery /ˈsiːnəri/ noun
alternative /ɔːlˈtɜː(r)nətɪv/ adjective scenery is the natural world that you see around
something that is alternative is different to the first you, especially in the countryside
choice The village has beautiful scenery that you’ll love.
As some of the roads are blocked, drivers must use
an alternative route.
PAGE 72
trail /treɪl/ noun
a trail is a path through a forest or on a mountain or goggles /ˈɡɒɡ(ə)lz/ noun
similar place that people walk, hike or run on goggles are a special pair of glasses that you wear
This hiking trail goes through a forest and has some over your eyes to keep them safe from things like
hills in it. dust, wind, snow, water, etc.
You must wear goggles when you ski to protect your
rural /ˈrʊərəl/ adjective
eyes from the snow and wind.
somewhere that is rural, is not in a town or a city
Leila’s family moved from New Delhi to a rural town. helmet /ˈhelmɪt/ noun
a helmet is a hard hat you wear to protect your head
rough /rʌf/ adjective
My bike helmet is uncomfortable to wear, but I have
something that is rough is not smooth to touch to wear it when cycling.
The skin on her hands was hard and rough.
lifejacket /ˈlaɪfˌdʒækɪt/ noun
narrow /ˈnærəʊ/ adjective a lifejacket is a special vest you wear, usually over
something that is narrow is thin and doesn’t have clothes or a swimsuit, that helps you to float in water
much space on the sides When Paolo fell into the water, she was glad she was
The door was too narrow to carry the bed through it. wearing a lifejacket to help her float.
sack /sæk/ noun waterproof /ˈwɔːtə(r)ˌpruːf/ adjective
a sack is a large bag made of paper, plastic or cloth something that is waterproof stops water from
that is used to carry or keep things in going through or in to it
There’s a sack of potatoes on the floor next to the Kensu’s new watch is waterproof, so he can wear it
stove. while swimming.
destination /ˌdestɪˈneɪʃ(ə)n/ noun wetsuit /ˈwetˌsuːt/ noun
a destination is the place that you are going to a wetsuit is a special suit made of rubber that is
Phuket is a popular destination for people who want right on your body and keeps you warm in water
to go to the beach on holiday. Olivier always wears his wetsuit when he goes surfing
in the morning.
complicated /ˈkɒmplɪˌkeɪtɪd/ adjective manage /ˈmænɪdʒ/ verb
something that is complicated, has many parts to it if you manage to do something, you are successful
and is difficult to understand in doing it
This is a complicated maths problem, but I’m sure I How do you manage to keep your house so clean
can work out the right answer. with three small children?
border /ˈbɔː(r)də(r)/ noun
PAGE 73 a border is the line that says where one country ends
and another country starts
average /ˈæv(ə)rɪdʒ/ adjective
Oleg lives in Estonia but near the border of Latvia.
something that is average is usual or common
According to research, the average person watches nest /nest/ noun
nearly three hours of TV daily. a nest is like a house that birds build with straw,
feathers and other things they find on the ground
range /reɪndʒ/ verb
There are four eggs in the bird’s nest.
when two or more things range from each other,
they have a higher and a lower number to show the
difference between them PAGE 77
The time it takes to fly from Tel Aviv to Beijing ranges board /bɔːd/ verb
from seven and a half to 17 hours.
when you board a train, bus, boat or airplane, you
stressful /ˈstresf(ə)l/ adjective get inside it to travel on it
something that is stressful, makes you feel worried You can board the plane at 8:45 p.m.
so you can’t relax
land /lænd/ verb
Yannick deals with stressful situations very well.
when you land, you arrive at a place
snowboard /ˈsnəʊˌbɔː(r)d/ verb The plane will land in Copenhagen on time.
you snowboard by standing with both feet on a
long board that lets you move over snow queue /kjuː/ noun
a queue is a line of people or transport that are
Dorien likes to snowboard on weekends during the
waiting in a line to do something or go somewhere
winter when the snow is thick.
We got into the queue to buy our tickets for the
paddleboard /ˈpæd(ə)lˈbɔː(r)d/ verb show.
you paddleboard by standing on a long board and
using a special stick to move over water set off /set ˈɒf/ phrasal verb
if you set off somewhere, you start your journey to
Zoe lives next to a lake, so she paddleboards across
go there
the water every morning.
We’ll set off on our road trip at 3:00 a.m. on
safety /ˈseɪfti/ noun Thursday.
safety is the condition of being safe from danger
take off /teɪk ˈɒf/ phrasal verb
The children were led to a place of safety.
when you take off, the plane you are travelling on
leaves the ground and starts to fly
PAGE 76 Catalina’s ears always hurt from the extra pressure
when a plane takes off.
birdwatcher /ˈbɜː(r)d ˌwɒtʃə(r)/ noun
a birdwatcher is someone who enjoys looking at item /ˈaɪtəm/ noun
birds in a natural setting and identifying the type of an item is a single thing on a list or part of a set of
birds they see things
The birdwatcher saw many eagles yesterday and took You may pay for each item separately.
lots of photos. search /sɜː(r)tʃ/ verb
hatch /hætʃ/ verb if someone searches your bag, usually before
if a baby bird or animal hatches, it breaks open its travelling, they look in it to see if you have anything
eggshell and is born illegal or dangerous inside it
It was interesting to watch the baby birds hatch from When we arrived at the airport, we had to open our
their eggs. bags for the staff to search them.
coast /kəʊst/ noun rise /ˈraɪz/ adjective
the coast is the land that is next to or very close to something that rises, gets higher and moves upward
the sea When water boils, bubbles rise to the surface.
Ayoub drove along the coast, with beautiful views of genuine /ˈdʒenjuɪn/ adjective
the sea.
if someone’s behaviour is genuine, it seems very real
and true
PAGE 89 When Valentin speaks, you can hear the genuine joy
and happiness in her voice.
care about /keə(r) əˈbaʊt/ phrasal verb
if you care about something or someone, you are
very interested in it/them and feel that it is/they are PAGE 93
important
crisis /ˈkraɪsɪs/ noun
I care about you very much.
a crisis is an event that is very bad, difficult and
reuse /ˌriːˈjuːz/ verb dangerous
when you reuse something, you use it again or more The government handled the water crisis very well.
than once
delighted /dɪˈlaɪtɪd/ adjective
You can reuse plastic bags several times.
when you are delighted with something, you are
very happy and excited with it
PAGE 90 Meg was delighted to be invited to Maryam’s party.
values /ˈvæljuːz/ noun
your values are the things in life that you feel and
think are important
Maria and her family have many shared values.
support /səˈpɔː(r)t/ noun
support is the help and encouragement you give to
someone else when things are difficult for them
Many people showed their support for the sports
team despite their loss.
PAGE 91
kayaking /ˈkʌɪakɪŋ/ noun
kayaking is a sport you do along or with another
person in a long boat, with pointed ends
The company offers kayaking and river trips.
PAGE 92
role model /ˈrəʊl ˈmɒd(ə)l/ noun
a role model is a person whose behaviour you try to
copy because they admire them
Brando’s a good role model for everybody in the
company.
respect /rɪˈspekt/ verb
if you respect someone, you admire them because of
the things they know or how they behave
Henri has a lot of respect for how hard Andrej works.
hieroglyphs /ˌhaɪərəˈɡlɪfs/ noun weakness /ˈwiːknəs/ adjective
hieroglyphs are an ancient way of writing in Ancient a weakness is a quality you have that is not good or
Egypt, using picture-like characters for words effective
The hieroglyphs in the tomb told an interesting story The report shows the weaknesses in the industry.
about the family.
symbol /ˈsɪmb(ə)l/ noun PAGE 104
a symbol is an object or a picture that represents
something else education history /ˌedjʊˈkeɪʃ(ə)n ˈhɪst(ə)ri/ phrase
your education history is a list of the schools you’ve
A heart shape is often used as a symbol of love.
attended and what you studied
astronaut /ˈæstrəˌnɔːt/ noun List your full education history on your CV.
an astronaut is a person who is trained to work in
space freelance /ˈfriːlɑːns/ adjective
someone who works freelance does work, usually
The astronaut went to space for one year.
at home, for several different companies for a short
accountant /əˈkaʊntənt/ noun period of time
an accountant is a person who checks that finances Thilo left his full-time job at a company to work as a
are right for a person or a company freelance writer instead.
The accountant worked all night to finish the
enthusiastic /ɪnˌθjuːziˈæstɪk/ adjective
financial report.
someone who is enthusiastic, has or shows a lot of
biologist /baɪˈɒlədʒɪst/ noun interest in things
a biologist is a scientist who studies living things like Pepe is enthusiastic about photography.
plants and animals
outgoing /ˈaʊtɡəʊɪŋ/ adjective
As a biologist, Mohamed is mostly interested in
human genes. someone who is outgoing likes to talk to people and
is interested to learn more about them
Harriet is an outgoing person who enjoys meeting
PAGE 102 new people.
customer service /ˈkʌstəmə(r) ˈsɜː(r)vɪs/ noun curious /ˈkjʊəriəs/ adjective
customer service is the support and advice a someone who is curious wants to learn more about
company gives to the people who use its products or different things
services Karley is a very curious child who likes to try new things.
If you need help with your laptop, contact the
passion /ˈpæʃ(ə)n/ noun
company’s customer service department.
a passion is a strong feeling or liking of something
disrespectful /ˌdɪsrɪˈspektfʊl/ adjective Kiaan has a passion for languages and speaks five
someone who is disrespectful is rude and does not languages.
show any respect
exhibit /ɪɡˈzɪbɪt/ verb
In some countries, it’s disrespectful to keep your
shoes on when you visit someone’s home. if you exhibit your work somewhere, you show it by
putting it on display for other people to look at
Several of Picasso and Dali’s paintings will be
PAGE 103
exhibited next month at The Louvre.
sell oneself /ˈsel wʌnˈself/ phrase publish /ˈpʌblɪʃ/ verb
if you say you sell oneself, you mean to show if you publish work, you make it available for sale to
people all the great things you can do that make the public
them want to hire you The company mostly publishes textbooks.
When applying for a job, it’s important to sell oneself
and have a good CV. conference /ˈkɒnf(ə)rəns/ noun
a conference is a type of meeting that is held to
strength /streŋθ/ adjective discuss a specific topic
a strength is a skill or quality you have Aaron is attending an IT conference in Berlin.
Krishna is an excellent lawyer and has many strengths.
10 Entertainment
PAGE 119 after a while /ˈɑːftə(r) eɪ waɪl/ phrase
if you say after a while, you mean a length of time
public /ˈpʌb.lɪk/ adjective that can be a few minutes or a few hours
something that is public is for people in general and Ester went to the party but left after a while because
not only a small group of people she was bored.
Public speaking is a skill that many people have to
tiger /ˈtaɪɡə(r)/ noun
learn to do well.
a tiger is a large wild cat with yellow, orange or
white fur that has black lines on it
PAGE 120 I could see the tiger near the tree because it’s fur was
moral /ˈmɒrəl/ noun such a bright colour.
a moral is a lesson about right and wrong that we goat /ɡəʊt/ noun
learn from a story or event a goat is a small animal that is similar to a sheep, but
The moral of the story ‘The tortoise and the hare’ is with longer legs. It makes milk.
that slow and steady wins the race. The young goat was just starting to grow horns.
folk /fəʊk/ noun
a folk story is a traditional story in a culture PAGE 121
Every culture has its own folk stories that teach
tale /teɪl/ noun
valuable lessons.
a tale is a story with events that are not real
greedy /ˈgriː.di/ adjective A Tale of Two Cities’ is a famous novel by Charles
someone who is greedy wants more of something Dickens.
than they need
tie /taɪ/ verb
The boy was greedy and wanted to eat all the
biscuits on the plate. if you tie something, you attach it to something else
with a rope or a piece of string
jealous /ˈdʒel.əs/ adjective Tie the box to the roof of the car with these ropes.
if someone is jealous, they want something that
someone else has solution /səˈluːʃ(ə)n/ noun
Elias is jealous of the success Timothy has had at a solution is an answer to a problem
work. There’s no simple solution to this problem.
realize /ˈrɪə.laɪz/ verb
if you realize something, you understand something PAGE 122
you didn’t know before
comedy /ˈkɒmədi/ noun
Dario didn’t realize how much his grandmother comedy is a show or a performance that is funny
enjoyed his visits. and makes people laugh
decoration /ˌdek.əˈreɪ.ʃən/ noun My favourite type of show to watch is comedy
a decoration is something that you wear to make because I like jokes.
yourself look more beautiful or special
stare /steə(r)/ verb
Many women wear rings and necklaces as decoration if you stare at something or someone, you look at it/
to make themselves look more attractive. them for a long time without moving your eyes
In some cultures, it’s rude to stare at people.
11 Challenges
PAGE 130 tag /tæɡ/ verb
if you tag someone in something on social media,
balance /ˈbæləns/ verb you add their name in a post or a photo so they can
if you can balance,you are able to stay standing or see it
up without falling over Tag everyone in the photo when you put it on
Katia is still learning how to balance on skis. Instagram.
PAGE 138
background /ˈbækˌɡraʊnd/ noun
a person’s background is the type of family or social
situation that they come from
I don’t know much about Alaric’s background.
marathon /ˈmærəθ(ə)n/ noun
a marathon is a race you run that is longer
than 40km
Blair is training to run in a marathon next month.
PAGE 139
construction /kənˈstrʌkʃ(ə)n/ noun
construction is the process of building something,
like a building, road or a bridge
There has been a lot of construction in this city in the
last 10 years.
12 Technology
PAGE 143 PAGE 145
microscope /ˈmaɪkrəˌskəʊp/ noun trash /træʃ/ noun
a microscope is a tool with a lens that makes very trash is something that is not valuable or needed
small things bigger so that we can see them with our anymore
eyes Please remember to empty the trash before you go to
The scientist studied a drop of water under the work.
microscope. treasure /ˈtreʒ.ər/ noun
treasure is an object or objects, like gold, that can
PAGE 144 be valuable
We’re going to look for hidden treasure on the
get rid of (something) /get ˈrɪd əv
beach.
(ˈsʌmθɪŋ)/ phrasal verb
if you get rid of something, you throw it away or hidden /ˈhɪd(ə)n/ adjective
give it to someone because you no longer want it something that is hidden can’t be seen as it’s in a
Eitan wants to get rid of some old furniture in his secret place
house. The necklace was hidden in a box under
Elisavet’s bed.
device /dɪˈvaɪs/ noun
a device is a piece of equipment, like a phone or TV, trainers /ˈtreɪnə(r)z/ noun
that is used for a specific purpose trainers are shoes you wear to run or exercise in
The listening device was hidden inside a pen. Sichuang has a pair of trainers she only wears when
she goes running.
sculpture /ˈskʌlptʃə(r)/ noun
a sculpture is a piece of art that has a 3D shape and circuit board /ˈsɜː(r)kɪt bɔː(r)d/ noun
is made of stone, metal, clay or wood a circuit board is a board that connects different
Szymon’s sculpture of a horse won first prize in the electronic parts of a device safely
competition. The circuit board in my mobile phone got wet so my
phone doesn’t work anymore.
pleasure /ˈpleʒ.ər/ noun
pleasure is a feeling of joy or happiness microchip /ˈmaɪkrəʊˌtʃɪp/ noun
It was a pleasure working with Aksel during the a microchip is a tiny plate that holds many electronic
project. parts in a device and makes the device work
My laptop needs a new microchip to fix the screen.
junk /dʒʌŋk/ noun
junk is broken old, or damaged things you no longer
want to keep PAGE 150
There was so much junk in the garage that we had to effective /ɪˈfek.tɪv/ adjective
sort it and throw it away.
something that is effective achieves the results you
upcycle /ˈʌpsaɪk(ə)l/ verb want it to
if you upcycle something, you use it to create Advertising on the radio is very effective for this
something new that is valuable to people product.
The curtains were upcycled into really nice clothes.
PAGE 151
refund /ˈriː.fʌnd/ verb
if you refund somebody for something, you give
them back the money they paid for it
The store refused to refund Máté for the trousers
that were torn.
PAGE 152
frustrating /frʌsˈtreɪ.tɪŋ/ adjective
something that is frustrating makes you feel
annoyed because it stops you from achieving
your goals
It was frustrating to have to stand in the line for so
many hours to collect my new passport.
replacement /rɪˈpleɪsmənt/ adjective
a replacement is something that takes the place of
another thing, usually because the first one stopped
working
The replacement tablet broke two weeks after it
arrived.