MAPEH

LESSON 3.1 : VOLLEYBALL

LESSON 3.1: VOLLEYBALL

HISTORY OF VOLLEYBALL

William G. Morgan

● Created volleyball in 1985

● He was the physical education director of the YMCA in Holyoke, Massachusetts,
U.S.A.
● He thought that there was a need for a less strenuous game for the much older
population since basketball was known to be a physically demanding sport.

Volleyball, which was then called mintonette, used the bladder (interior) of the basketball
as the ball.

Professor Alfred Halstead

● Took notice after sometime of how the game was played and suggested to change
the name of volley ball

In 1952, the US volley ball association decided to spell the name volley ball with just one
word - volleyball

FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT

THE VOLLEYBALL COURT

● The length of the volleyball court is 18 meters with a width of 9 meters.

● The height of the net should be 2.43 meters for men and 2.24 meter for women
● The antenna is required in a high-level competitive volleyball game

1
THE BALL

● The ball is made out of leather or any similar synthetic material.

● The circumference of the ball may range from 63 to 67cm and weight of 262-280
grams.

BASIC STANCE OR READY POSITION

The basic stance or ready position is to prepare the player for the necessary movement
which one is anticipating to hit the ball.

A. The legs on the feet - The player should stand with feet slightly wider than
shoulder-width (one foot slightly forward, usually the foot opposite the dominant
arm) and knees bent at about a 30-to-40- degree angle. The majority of the body
weight should be directed towards the front of the feet.
B. The arms and hands - Both of your arms should be positioned in front of your body
with the back of one hand over the palm of the other where your thumb stay is
side-by-side. The elbows have to be always kept straight especially when hitting the
ball with the underhand pass. While holding the above-mentioned position (lower
and upper body), you may shadow train by pretending to hit a ball. Remember that
effort must come from the lower body, as one attempts to hit the ball, the legs

2
 extend, coming from the event position at the point of contact with the ball while
keeping the arm together and straight all the time.

SKILLS

A. Service - The service is done to put the ball in play. The following rules are always to
be remembered when executing an underhand serve.
- The server must serve within his or her designated service area over the net
and into the opponent’s court
- Only one arm is allowed to hit the ball when serving.
- The ball must be released before serving
- The server must wait for the first referee's whistle before serving and must
execute the service within 8 seconds.

The underhand serve is commonly used by beginners. The server hits the ball with the
radial side (thumb side) of his/her forearm over the net into the opponent’s court.

B. THE UNDERHAND OR FOREHEAD PASS

When waiting to receive a ball, the player must be in his/her position described earlier in
this lesson. One must keep an eye on the ball and anticipate its path as soon as it has been
hit by the other players.

The most efficient and effective way to deliver an underhand pass is to face the ball
squarely and hit it from under with the forearms. Remember to keep the arm straight.
Timing when hitting the ball must also be considered. It is a matter of anticipating the path
of the ball and then positioning the body in time to make an effective hit.

LESSON 3.2: VOLLEYBALL

BASIC SKILLS IN VOLLEYBALL

● Overhead serve
● Overhead pass
● Spike
● locking

3
OVERHEAD SERVE

- The ball was tossed way above the head of the server with the non-dominant hand.
It is then struck with the palm of the dominant hand at the highest point that the
server could possibly reach to hit the ball with an outstretched arm.
- The server should aim the ball over the net and into ‘s opponent’s court.
- This type of service would require more power in the effect which makes the ball
travel at a faster speed, downward into the opponent’s court which makes it more
difficult for the opponent to serve.

OVERHEAD PASS

(Also known as the toss) This is usually done to prepare for an attack hit. Since a team is
allowed to hit the ball three times (not consecutively by the same player), the order of
hitting the ball by a team is first to receive, second to set-up the ball with an overhead pass,
then third is to attack.

A block is not counted as hit.

An overhead pass is done by tossing the ball using the fingers without committing a double
contact (the ball staying too long on the finger) since it is the second hit, (a double contact
is allowed during the first hit/ receive).

The proper way to execute the skill is by:

● placing both hands (facing up) close to the forehead ready to catch the ball and
quickly tossing it towards the chosen direction.

As the toss is being executed, both legs and arms extend with the wrist executing a follow
through. It takes longer to master the overhead toss than the underhand pass. Players may
opt to execute an underhand pass when setting up the ball.

SPIKE

The spike is usually an attack made on the ball. This occurs when the team conducts a set
play (3 touches) and the spike is executed on the final touch/hit.

4
The spike is usually accompanied with a jump to acquire better leverage with the purpose
of hitting the ball harder downward, making it more difficult for the opponent to receive
the ball.

BLOCKING

The block is a defensive move attempting to counter an attack by the opposing team.

The block is done by one or two players of the defending team jumping with outstretched
arms, facing the net, and directly in front of the attacker or spiker of the opposing team.

Proper timing is crucial here as the jump has to be synchronized with the execution of the
attack hit.

LESSON 3.3: VOLLEYBALL

TERMS THAT ARE FREQUENTLY USED DURING AN ACTUAL GAME

1. Ball in play - the moment when the ball has been served after being given the signal
to serve by the referee.
2. Referee - the official of the game who blows the whistle when necessary and judges
the outcome of a rally with corresponding hand signals. In higher level tournaments,
2 referees are designated either 1st or 2nd referee to keep a closer watch on the
game, in which the 1st referee has the overall control of the game.
3. Libero - the designated defense specialist of a team.
4. Positional fault - occurs during the execution of service. When a player in either of
both teams is not in their proper places when the referee blows his whistle to signal
for a team to serve.
5. Rotational fault - occurs when the server did not follow the order of rotation and
service should have been by one of his/her teammates.
6. Interval - the duration in between sets which lasts for three (3) minutes. This is also
the time wherein the line-up for the next set is submitted to the officials.

VOLLEYBALL RULES

Starting a game

5
The match starts with a toss of a coin and the winner having the benefit to choose either to
serve first or which side of the court to play in. If the winner chooses to serve first, the
other team shall choose which court to play first and vice versa. A toss of coin is also done
if ever there is a need for a deciding set.

During a volleyball game

Service

When a team gets a turn to serve, the members should rotate clockwise and the player
coming from the front-right moving to the back-right position shall be the server. Service
must be done within the serving area using the hand or any part of the arm after the ball
has been tossed. It must be executed within eight seconds after the referee's signal. Failure
to serve within the time allotted shall warrant a turnover. If the ball is served before the
referee's signal the team shall be warned and given one more chance to serve.

How to earn a point

A team earns a point when the opposing team fails to successfully return the ball.
Unsuccessfully returning the ball in accordance with the rules and regulations would be
either but not limited to the following:

1. failing to serve;
2. the ball is caught and thrown:
3. going beyond three touches (hits, excluding the block
4. hitting the net with any part of the player's body:
5. A double contact (hitting the ball twice in succession)
6. a positional and/or rotational fault;
7. an assisted hit
8. penetrating into the opponent's court and interfering with their play; and
9. non-compliance with the restrictions of an attack hit.

Change of court and service order

At the end of each set (except for the deciding set) both teams must change courts and the
team to serve first after every set shall be the non-serving team prior to the current set.

6
During a deciding set, a toss of coins should again take place just like at the beginning of
the match. A change of court during a deciding game shall occur when any of the team
reaches eight points.

Substitution

A player may be replaced by a teammate during the game with the permission of the
referee and upon being recorded by the officials A player of the starting lineup who has
been substituted may leave and re-enter the court only once per set. A substitute may
replace a player of the starting lineup only once per set and must be replaced by the same
player. A substitution must take place within the substitution zone. These conditions do not
apply for the libero.

Misconduct

For players who show unsportsmanlike conduct during the game may be sanctioned by the
referee according to the gravity of misconduct with the following: verbal warning, a yellow,
and a red card.

In May 2015, the Larong Volleyball sa Pilipinas, Inc. (LVP) has been recognized by the
Federation Internationale de Volleyball (FIVB) as the governing body of Volleyball and Beach
Volleyball in the country.

To sum up:

● A libero, interval, positional fault and rotational fault, are some of the terms that
may be encountered during a volleyball game.
● Volleyball rules and regulations are based on the 2017-2020 FIVB Official Volley ball
Rules as approved by the 35th PIVB congress. For updates on the rules you may visit
the official FIVB web page.