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Lec2 Hardware in Embedded System Compatibility Mode
Lec2 Hardware in Embedded System Compatibility Mode
Lecture 2: Hardware
LEARNING OUTCOMES
• Understand the hardware in embedded system:
output analog
input analog
CPU
mem
embedded
computer
Embedded System based on
Application View
4
Embedded System based on Layers
Embedded OS Application
Hardware Hardware
Embedded System Architecture
of 2-layered Devices
Application
Operating
System Graphics
Kernel Subsystems Scheduler I/O Manager
Hardware
Embedded System Architecture
of 3-layered Devices
Processes Applications Applications
Operating Graphics
System Subsystems Scheduler I/O Manager
Kernel
Network Device Graphics
Drivers Drivers Drivers
Hardware
ES based on Hardware Architecture
Von-Neumann
8 Harvard
ES based on Processor types
total = 0 total = 0
for i =1 to … for i =1 to …
– Program memory
Program Data
– General datapath with large register memory memory
Assembly code
file and general ALU for:
• Features IR PC
– Program memory
– Optimized datapath Program
memory
Data
memory
Assembly code
– Special functional units for:
• Benefits total = 0
for i =1 to …
– Some flexibility, good performance, size
and power Application-specific
• Examples
– DSPs, Video Signal Processors, Network
Processors,..
15
Embedded System with
Application-Specific ICs (ASICs)
• Digital circuit designed to execute
exactly one program Controller Datapath
Control index
– coprocessor, hardware accelerator logic
total
State
+
• Features register
• Benefits
– Fast
– Low power
– Small size
16
Embedded System based on
Processor technology
General-purpose Single-
processor ASIP purpose
General, processor Customized,
providing improved: providing improved:
Flexibility
Power efficiency
Maintainability
Performance
NRE cost
Size
Time- to-prototype
Cost (high volume)
Time-to-market
Cost (low volume)
17
Memory mapping in ES
Data
I/O data
bus
Address
I/O address
bus
Control
I/O control
bus
OS I/O modules
I-IRS
Memory O-IRS
APPs
I/O devices
18
Memory mapping in ES
FFFF
I/O
Memory
0000
19
Memory mapping in ES
FFFF
I/O
Memory
0000
20
EXECUTION IN ES
EXECUTION IN ES
I/O EXECUTION in ES
Instruction register
23
I/O EXECUTION in ES
24
Examples:
Video & Audio Signal Processing
Examples:
ES for Video Signal Processing
Examples: Mobile ES
Examples: PMP ES
Examples: VOIP ES
Examples: ES for Machine Learning
Examples:
ES for High Computing
Thank you