WELCOME, GRADE 9!

2nd Quarter
 8
LESSON 3:
JOINT AND
COMBINED
VARIATION
 8
In this lesson, you will be able to:

OBJECTIVES
1. Illustrate situations that involve joint
and combined variations

2. Translate into joint or combined

variation statements a relationship
between quantities using (a) table of
values, (b) mathematical equation, and
(c) graph, and vice versa.
 V A R I A T I O N S

Types of Variations:

Direct Variation

Inverse Variation

Joint Variation

Combined Variation
 VARIATIONS IN MATHEMATICS

JOINT VARIATION
It occurs when one quantity varies directly as the product of
two or more other quantities.

THE STATEMENT: TRANSLATED AS:

“y varies jointly as x and z” 𝒚 = 𝒌𝒙𝒛

Where 𝑘 is the constant of variation

E X A M P L E S
 JOINT VARIATION

Suppose 𝒚 varies jointly as 𝑥 and 𝑧. If 𝑦 = 90 when 𝑥 = 30 and

𝑧 = 28, find 𝒚 when 𝑥 = 42 and 𝑧 = 16.

Get the variation constant: Get the equation of variation: Find 𝒚 when 𝒙 = 𝟒𝟐 and 𝒛 = 𝟏𝟔

𝒚 = 𝒌𝒙𝒛 𝒚 = 𝒌𝒙𝒛 𝟑
𝒚= 𝒙𝒛
90 = 𝑘 30 28 𝟐𝟖
90 = 840𝑘 You will just substitute the value
90 840𝑘 of 𝑘. 3
= 𝑦= 42 16
840 840 28
3 Therefore, the equation of
=𝑘 𝒚 = 𝟕𝟐
28 variation is:

Variation constant:
𝟑
𝒐𝒓 𝟎. 𝟏𝟎𝟕 𝟑 The value of y is equal to 72.
𝟐𝟖 𝒚= 𝒙𝒛 or 𝒚 = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟎𝟕𝒙𝒛
𝟐𝟖
 JOINT VARIATION

Suppose 𝒒 varies jointly as 𝑔 and the square of 𝑏. If 𝑞 = 210

when 𝑔 = 28 and 𝑏 = 10, find 𝒒 when 𝑔 = 20 and 𝑏 = 28.

Get the variation constant: Get the equation of variation: Find 𝒒 when 𝒈 = 𝟐𝟎 and 𝒃 = 𝟐𝟖

𝒒 = 𝒌𝒈𝒃𝟐 𝒒 = 𝒌𝒈𝒃𝟐 𝒒 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟕𝟓𝒈𝒃𝟐

2
210 = 𝑘 28 10
2
210 = 2800𝑘 You will just substitute the value 𝑞 = 0.075 20 28
210 2800𝑘 of 𝑘.
=
2800 2800 𝒒 = 𝟏𝟏𝟕𝟔
3 Therefore, the equation of
=𝑘
40 variation is:
𝟑
Variation constant: 𝒐𝒓 𝟎. 𝟎𝟕𝟓 𝒒=
𝟑
𝒈𝒃𝟐 or 𝒒 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟕𝟓𝒈𝒃𝟐 The value of y is equal to 1176.
𝟒𝟎 𝟒𝟎
 V A R I A T I O N S

Types of Variations:

Direct Variation

Inverse Variation

Joint Variation

Combined Variation
 VARIATIONS IN MATHEMATICS

COMBINED VARIATION
This is the kind of variation that involves both the direct and
inverse variations.

THE STATEMENT: TRANSLATED AS:

“y varies directly as x and inversely 𝒌𝒙
𝒚=
as z” 𝒛

Where 𝑘 is the constant of variation

E X A M P L E S
 COMBINED VARIATION

Suppose 𝒙 varies directly as 𝑦 and inversely as 𝑧. If 𝑥 = 30

when 𝑦 = 40 and 𝑧 = 80, find 𝒙 when 𝑦 = 24 and 𝑧 = 40.

Get the variation constant: Get the equation of variation: Find 𝒙 when 𝒚 = 𝟐𝟒 and 𝒛 = 𝟒𝟎

𝒌𝒚 𝒌𝒚 𝟔𝟎𝒚
𝒙= 𝒙= 𝒙=
𝒛 𝒛 𝒛
𝑘 40
30 =
80 You will just substitute the value 60 24
𝑥=
30 80 = 40𝑘 of 𝑘. 40
2400 = 40𝑘
2400 40𝑘 Therefore, the equation of 1440
= 𝑥=
40 40 variation is: 40
60 = 𝑘
𝟔𝟎𝒚 𝒙 = 𝟑𝟔
Variation constant: 𝟔𝟎 𝒙=
𝒛
 COMBINED VARIATION

Suppose 𝒕 varies directly as 𝑚 and inversely as the square of

𝑛. If 𝑡 = 32 when 𝑚 = 16 and 𝑛 = 4, find 𝒕 when 𝑚 = 24 and
𝑛 = 6.

Get the variation constant: Get the equation of variation: Find 𝒕 when 𝒎 = 𝟐𝟒 and 𝒏 = 𝟔

𝒌𝒎 𝒌𝒎 𝟑𝟐𝒎
𝒕= 𝒕= 𝒕=
𝒏𝟐 𝒏𝟐 𝒏𝟐
𝑘 16
32 =
42 You will just substitute the value 32 24
𝑡=
of 𝑘. 62
16𝑘
32 = 768
16 Therefore, the equation of
𝑡=
variation is: 36
32 = 𝑘
𝟔𝟒
𝟑𝟐𝒎 𝒕= or 𝟐𝟏. 𝟑
Variation constant: 𝟑𝟐 𝒕= 𝟐 𝟑
𝒏
 VARIATIONS IN MATHEMATICS

CONCLUSION
INVERSE
COMBINED
DIRECT VARIATION VARIATION JOINT VARIATION
VARIATION
𝒚 = 𝒌𝒙 𝒌 𝒚 = 𝒌𝒙𝒛
𝒚= 𝒌𝒙
𝒙 𝒚=
As x increases, y Two or more 𝒛
also increases and As x increases, y quantities are
Combination of
vice versa decreases and vice involved
direct and inverse
versa
QUESTIONS?
THANK YOU
AND GOD
BLESS YOU!