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$ Pleena Gondlat 7 & 8 DM- FolF- 64 __| Sap ID 4 40063804 = oe ment 2. ne Seer nl And Public. Health Fined Term aoe Subecitted. to: Ma’ Abbreen: A Measles ood sowmps are the = senples_ 0) Whe" Avseases ae Tmo! ane _Aransicitted tin the | Aactbation period), 2: | AWwansedission | Pacem another. do a Johus —Akyoug_ lhe pracenta i Ee s—_calleh_ \ TrenSplacental i YON miss come 32. = oor, Ateeases_ oe | ens ncttest 7 =o dust ow 7 aes nile ne _4e| Whe enlo {eehiveent ere ic ql set ‘ and Detect. atelegieal =e. oA am ahane fs called : Pneubatton period. — : Scanned with CamScanner __ Bel Herd ‘rowmwsit _ hes, : Semplteation Seana tS YN Naccinakters a VOWS a ~-|-Ghranfetiy eager “aban. oduces | ae \eckior and contri luke ko | endemfcits Fe | Pri giedion Wo se —_uspjle ahfva __}| ee ae)hf. nee mg Aeulidiae, ‘od ed df ny prof eckion Be fe casxiors tWoceott oe TY afsense Usthout Showing —alinical mneridcestodton 9+) Vecker loerne 7 ae eckfous agent — {is + conven. ed by a ~ esthrabo dd | ks ree \hosty COMBOS mn if. ay inherat tor —oA ackores » a _alfsease- oe oe “SG be tye » - | Eaplotn the, seree nina on SYA. | a ean 7 7% 7 | Scanned with CamScanner Arswert= _| i = _ SCREENING PROGRAM OF A Disease oe! Screentne ref fers to _ Yhe Ve, eatificadtton 5 J Atseae. defect_tey — —afpiicalinn ol Lack S45 > | oficakions 7 ex other | proceduves | Mec K' oe as st e Seveering fs an Iitial | ee Aasnination : eo) Screening 2: nok Intended | ea Le Alogmastic = a "® BD) [Enumerate the alms ob a = a Seeing Yee eo “a —— | 1. — a ercehr _ —__¥ — = | Aims OF SCREENING. ‘Poca — a of. eee yeyesin — Scanned with CamScanner ean notuval course. of | © odie seereereseepseeetee - 9. Proteckt _ Sockety AO cores _____alfsease co iE a _ rine Te _ Altec Ker ipso ee eo Select ee Woon cost) peop io oe Gee pt ee. a Jo ° Yhe ae —_Ahishbouu ar S Aicoase. ee ____| a _sereenth a What ts the itera for oe sereeninh eu aS - screen ox es tobitsht me | Drevwere- - 3 ne FOR SELECTING _ DISEASE FoR ScREENING?. i Severitys = eee —@inould be SIRS NSS a ee Scanned with CamScanner _ Prevalence s- re Se ee tafqin a Trestmentt- eS Eady treatment _Ghowld be move _benelicial. Pre = edfnte ol prevalence - — CRITERIA FOR gSTARLISHING —_|___ SCREENING, PRO@RAMs The __ problem show A heue — puvolic theattla __haagovia nce | Tere _shhould be _accepted a | treatment Aor —_pestiives, _ Reams ord —Avestime st facilities lou Ud be awallabe, _ ecoqmined __ Lok ent __gtace Wa _| het Mee course, | Test is ace eplalle, seiVable cand Noalid. | Neural tstory ot the disease _____} awe wrdevdis \ ee i : Case. — Pinalin 8s _economtcal , _ | and combituous. Scanned with CamScanner The Sesh | | Dros 2 x2 the ce evaluscte OY. ance___of < Oo te oe ne as - : a eee oO ioe parloec ee oL a ory is enaluated aaatnd’: Toes Aaspestic hes 3S 2x2 tate. Dr | Diagnostic test _} : 4 x —__ [Sereent Pet a ob atb _ || = ie a ord | jate bid ra ae Scanned with CamScanner ~ Cie the dilictlion 2 Cells and totals. DEEINITIONS OF CELLSs- - Tau ostives Ca): Disease ASC ASE ["tdenvified ==! desk as |___diseasect, SSeS eee ase —___e | Fe e| “ me ee —delsetledl are i lnneae eee i o,\se__neqatv ives le eases afset" Jatbel as Afsease maa NEES (AY: ‘Df SES Baeceu oo. fed ag 2 yee. = FDEEINCUON OY Jota ~ Dr la xe) 2 poral suai a — uotth__o Pionee a pr Ubtd)? kota —Suigects ot rnouk sense. iy Jo Scanned with CamScanner ia _T* Carb)s total test posilives TT le+d) 3. aa test pegetneke— _ = LS _sensitivit Spa _ aA SMees es mulas WSine! SL table. An UDeX B= > SENSITITY _OF A Tests 2 | The abil of a test te - corvecthy 5 iathostidy Yrese a ane. _disease.- ‘ e | Mme _ pfobalailiss mk a 2 cise individual wail have = positive test se: eg | THe propo dkion i opie — meee a Afsease taht have | a positfve lest seswth gL Te mecca itis Scanned with CamScanner > FormutAr 0 | Sensitivity er) = POTD) T TeILTPTTN) a => SPECIFIC ie OF A TVESTs — re ail we ol a jeck to |_conxe i mioxe entity _Nhose iS a eee wed the diseaye a | Whe oy —that ig | Afisec yee indivicddact ee Se ey The oxti 3 a, ima peop eo ooo mal toe _ Lege who neve Ne 0 alive test Tegtith eo Tane negative Syecte Cp), Scanned with CamScanner “> Fo ORMULAr- saat . Spectficiy (Tne) = Ptr i — a ane wine Fe 4 __| a ay oe ‘False _poctitve eal (ree) Pit |p) _ —=blly+d) Great A= FPR gecks { 7 Cet deve pent oe Akeae. _ Scanned with CamScanner > TYPES OF CoHort Stupltss- Two -hypes of cohort studies _ 4. Prospective (clagsfeal)s a - _* ine ee — hasn't i eceued a ok Begining ee : Ane. commonest | ah — deliable 2+ Retspspec 2d — Bolt eee and _Atse age owe oceusyed oe} ave Bre ——_____B€a [;—_o\ the Po ae ade i chal. + e€conmmic. oe _s ee Ladtally Encemapd ste ood, MAcCerva he — pws — the — sings te can duckin 9 a Nene - NY __=>|_ STEPS IN oot Duc: __ STUCIES TING, COHORT __ | _De}tne en Saree a ne eo | Select exposed Qoupe i, Scanned with CamScanner as “Dnewers— feces | Seleck nom- erposed mipel = Codd ea —9:| = FolSors_ - and _ om __acetcones Ata pore ogicom ome between ee “ound. - Sa = “Cohort -studles.. weed Se Valuelole uslhen ex posure _ AS. None. | _Exockres_ mnecrki ple elf ecks of 3 —a__Sinale __ e *posures-_ 4 | NewnporeX _velalionehip fs lenovo. — Didloro Afveck —pneasitrement sk, “Mintatze las 4 of — SCS “LIMITATIONS OF COHORT STUDIES. Ateienk eNaluation “Aane cfisease. Scanned with CamScanner eo. Expensive st ee ee Time -_ comsuuming_ a «loss to od devo. o2up on creates OL ~ pre blem. DSSS SEE (AYS Mrsus ers- => _Ceoss- SECTIONAL STUDIESs e In We atu desfan —infemnakton adecd +h Sf cheats fan Pl fvPolual with __tespect te _ presence / | unaltered —_aveaktme (e . set . NACE 4 \plooe! qroup L ge Scanned with CamScanner [—paedisce a_yalfd association. Lompastson — are _ famed [ alter aad bollecttion,. The object oh COMnasison Ade prevalence. 2} etposye SY Aiseaze._ — Greups arte emripared’ efther _by 1 eApostie or Afseate Safes. _ Cybss— cecttenad _ atuclfes aie. | alse cali ed Pp evalence stuclies. Ldn aencals, cross-_secttenl | gehidlies are | > Gimplest _ to conduct: Or) a cee 4. > least vs _ caurgalh Le | Uhher ore the exess— SeckfPonoad Arswers— —THPES OF} CROSS - SecTional— __ STUDIESs cross- Sectional ual : exrmine the sg fn &_parcpation/ ea? a a Single ropa, Scanned with CamScanner sl — ota. singe - a in. — me. 2 tam Comnpacative crass sectional a __ Stucliess- —_—s -hetewnine. }00_papoattons|means, in _kwop opulerttans | i a “steqie _petint tn time 3: | “Time - sesfes cross-sectional “shudlfest- eee | Determine a afinqle. —_pasportion | means mn Ce fod le. population ee eS | cree ro shee axe — the acluan - a Umthotions «f Cros | ___Studlies? = sectional __| Arswers __ =>] ADVANTAGES OF CRass- SECTIONAL — _|_ _ STUDIES3 i eee eee Legs Mtene _ oi suming eo | \ess eu ese Vve « eee (|e : __g _Yrovides _ oe. ee ——_____ oo —_pesevikes well. t ee 8 Gnenerotes _ mupethesis, 22. Scanned with CamScanner > Limitations 0 OF eee SCS eee CRogs -SECTIONAL —e Antecedent — com e Data dxedatng Chicken or a MMSLGyUSICe SG Alem ma Caine to __Amnapprop > MAKE emg paStsar | oe Mire Vulnerable om Sate Scanned with CamScanner

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