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  • Digestion Class Notes

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    Varshita Kothari
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    The document summarizes the stages of physical and chemical digestion that food undergoes in the human digestive system. Food is broken down in the mouth by chewing and salivary amylase. It then moves to the stomach where churning further breaks it down and pepsin aids protein digestion. In the small intestine, pancreatic enzymes and bile continue to break starches, proteins, and lipids into smaller molecules like glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids, preparing them for absorption.

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    The document summarizes the stages of physical and chemical digestion that food undergoes in the human digestive system. Food is broken down in the mouth by chewing and salivary amylase. It then moves to the stomach where churning further breaks it down and pepsin aids protein digestion. In the small intestine, pancreatic enzymes and bile continue to break starches, proteins, and lipids into smaller molecules like glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids, preparing them for absorption.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    8 views3 pages

    Digestion Class Notes

    Uploaded by

    Varshita Kothari
    The document summarizes the stages of physical and chemical digestion that food undergoes in the human digestive system. Food is broken down in the mouth by chewing and salivary amylase. It then moves to the stomach where churning further breaks it down and pepsin aids protein digestion. In the small intestine, pancreatic enzymes and bile continue to break starches, proteins, and lipids into smaller molecules like glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids, preparing them for absorption.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 3

    Organ Physical digestion Chemical Enzymes

    digestion

      Food is chewed into smaller Starch → Salivary amylase -


    pieces maltose ( by optimum pH 2
    Mouth salivary
    amylase)
     

      Peristalsis → transport food


    to stomach
    Oesophagus

      Churning of the stomach →  Protein → HCl - pH 2


    peristalsis  polypeptides
    Stomach (by pepsin) Salivary amylase
    denatured
     
    Pepsin - optimum pH 2
     

     
      Gallbladder releases Starch → From pancreatic juice
    bile(produced by the liver maltose (by that is secreted as
    Small and stored in the pancreatic chyme enters
    intestine gallbladder). Bile speeds up amylase)  duodenum, Pancreatic
    digestion of fats by amylase, trypsin (a
      breaking up large fat Protein → protease) and
    molecules into smaller fat polypeptide (by pancreatic lipase
      molecules. trypsin)
    Maltase , peptidase
      Lipids → and intestinal lipase
    glycerol and produced from small
    fatty acids intestine
     
    Maltose → Acidic chyme from the
      glucose (by stomach is neutralised
    maltase) by the alkaline fluids
      from the pancreas,
    Polypeptide → gallbladder and small
      amino acids (by intestine, thus
    peptidase) achieving pH 8.
     
    Lipids → fatty Hence, pepsin from
      acids and stomach denatured 
    glycerol
      (intestinal
    lipase)
     

           

    Large
    intestine

           

    Rectum

           
    Anus

    Starch (salivary/pancreatic amylase) → maltose (maltase) → glucose 


    Protein (pepsin/trypsin) → polypeptide (peptidase) → amino acids
    Big fat droplets (bile salts) → tiny fat droplets/lipids (lipase) → fatty acids and glycerol

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