i

CAUSES OF STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC FAILURE: STUDENTS PERSPECTIVE

An Undergraduate Thesis

Presented to

The Faculty of the College of Business Administration

JOSE RIZAL MEMORIAL STATE UNIVERSITY
The Premier University in Zamboanga Del Norte
Dipolog Campus, Dipolog City

In Partial Fulfillment of
 ii

The Requirements in Research in Hospitality

HMC-6

KATHY E. BARAQUIL

KRIZNA LYN F. DUHAYLUNGSOD

RYSHELLE ANGELA C. MOLONIAS

MARY ANN A. MONTEZA

March 2023

Republic of the Philippines

JOSE RIZAL MEMORIAL STATE UNIVERSITY
The premier University in Zamboanga
del Norte
Dipolog Campus, Dipolog City

COLLEGE OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

APPROVAL SHEET
 iii

IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT of the requirements in Research in Hospitality

(HMC-6) course for the degree of Bachelor in Hospitality Management, this
undergraduate thesis entitled “CAUSES OF STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC FAILURE:
STUDENTS PERSPECTIVE” has been examined and recommended for oral defense.

WAYNE IAN R. PREJOLES, MBA-HRM

Adviser

This undergraduate thesis entitled “CAUSES OF STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC

FAILURE: STUDENTS PERSPECTIVE”, prepared and submitted byKathy E.
Baraquil, Krizna Lyn Pearl F. Duhaylungsod, Ryshelle Angela C. Molonias, and
Mary Ann A. Monteza has been reviewed approved by the thesis committee.

RUBELYN C. SABANAL, DBA (CAR)

Chairperson/Research Instructor

MARIBETH R. SY, MBA WAYNE IAN R. PREJOLES, MBA-HRM

Member Research Adviser

LEONARDO D. CAINTA, E.M.D

Member

APPROVED by the Panel of Examiners on Proposal Defense in ______________,

with the rating of ______________

RUBELYN C. SABANAL, DBA (CAR)

Chairperson/Research Instructor
 iv

MARIBETH R. SY, MBA WAYNE IAN R. PREJOLES, MBA-HRM

Member Research Adviser

LEONARDO D. CAINTA, E.M.D

Member

Approved by the College Associate Dean for the degree of BACHELOR OF

SCIENCE IN HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT.

RUBELYN C. SABANAL, DBA (CAR)

Associate Dean College of Business Administration

ABSTRACT
 v

Academic failure is an essential and personal event in the lives of university

students, and the ways they make meaning of experiences of failure crucial for their

persistence and future success. Students who failed and persevered blamed their

academic failure on a combination of dispositional, environmental, and institutional

reasons. The high proportion of university. Academic failure has influenced students'

excitement, drive, and inspiration to continue with their research work, as well as their

psychological well-being. The consequences of adopting major and deep techniques to

aid overseas postgraduate students in obtaining excellent educational results are also

explored. The high rate of university dropouts emphasizes the need of determining what

variables cause students to quit university and be unsatisfied with their experience.

Academic performance is significant because it is significantly associated with the

positive outcomes that we value. It is critical because workers will require greater levels

of education to enter technologically demanding professions in the future. Students

frequently believe that high school will be the finest years of their lives. Students starting

college have the opportunity to meet new people and gain independence by making

choices and decisions without parental approval. This is a significant shift in autonomy

from elementary to middle school. Regrettably, many students are unprepared for the

numerous hurdles that come with the transition to college.

Keywords: Academic failure, students, dropouts, academic performance, university

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
 vi

This research study could not have been conceived and completed without the

tireless aid and excruciating advice of a few supportive individuals, to whom the

researchers are eternally grateful.

Rubelyn C. Sabanal DBA (CAR). The Associate Dean of College of Business

and Administration and our research instructor for enduring their support and

encouragement.

Dr. Leornardo C. Cainta, EMD. The JRMSU-Dipolog Research Unit Head, for

giving constructive suggestions and advice making research more interactive and

engaging.

Wayne Ian R. Prejoles. Our adviser for showing his full support in the conduct

of this study and for sharing his valuable time, advice, and corrections.

To our parents for showing their love, prayers, caring and sacrifices for educating

and preparing for our future.

And to the almighty Father, for his unending protection and guidance.

Researchers
 vii

DEDICATION

This undergraduate thesis is dedicated to our steadfast parents. Despite the

hurdles, we successfully completed our research project because of our persistent desire.

Above all, this research is dedicated to God, who provided his overwhelming might,

allowing the researchers to endure and accomplish this exhausting but rewarding

endeavor.

The Researchers
 viii

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page No.

TITLE PAGE i

APPROVAL SHEET ii

ABSTRACT iv

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT v

DEDICATION vi

TABLE OF CONTENTS vii

LIST OF TABLES ix
 ix

LIST OF FIGURES xii

Chapters

1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE

Introductory Paragraph 1

Theoretical and Conceptual Framework 3

Statement of the Problem 6

Hypothesis 7

Significance of the Study 7

Scope and Delimitation of the Study 9

Operational Definition of Terms 9

2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

Students’ Academic Failure and Dropped–Outs 11

Students’ Health Related 18

Learning Environment Factors 20

Students’ Socio-Economic Status 20

Synthesis 21
 x

3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Method 23

Research Environment 23

Research Respondents 24

Research Instrument 25

Ethical Consideration 26

Data Gathering Procedure 27

Statistical Treatment of Data 30

4 PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION

OF DATA

5 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

Summary of Findings 50

Conclusions 51

Recommendations

52

REFERENCES 53

APPENDICES

Appendix A Questionnaires 56
 xi

Appendix B Letter to the Respondents 60

Appendix C Letter to the Adviser 61

Appendix D Certificate from English Editor 62

Appendix E Certificate from the Instrument Validator 63

Appendix F Documentation 64

Appendix G Curriculum Vitae 65

LIST OF TABLES

Table No. Page No.

1 Respondents of the Study 25

2 Profile respondents in terms of Age 32

3 Profile respondents in terms of Gender 33

4 Profile respondents in terms of Educational Attainment 34

5 Profile respondents in terms in Father’s and

Mother’s Occupation 35

6 Profile respondents in terms in Monthly Income 35

 xii

7 Profile respondents in terms of program Choice 36

8 The perception of student on the causes of student’s academic

failure in terms of the Environmental Learning 36

9 The perception of student on the causes of student’s academic

failure in terms of Socioeconomic Factors 38

10 The perception of student on the causes of student’s academic

failure in terms of Financial Status 40

11 The perception of student on the causes of student’s academic

failure in terms of Parent Education 41

12 The perception of student on the causes of student’s academic

failure in terms of Way of Teaching 42

13 The perception of student on the causes of student’s academic

failure in terms of Motivational Reasons 44

14 The perception of student on the causes of student’s academic

failure in terms of Physiological Reasons 45

15 Student perception on the causes of student’s

 xiii

academic failure 46
 xiv

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure No. Page No.

1 Schema of the Study 5

2 Map of JRMSU Dipolog Campus 24

3 Gantt Chart 29