ELECTROSTATIC

1. Electrostatics deals with the study of forces, fields and potentials arising from……… charges.
2. there were only two kinds of an entity which is called the…………. charge.
3. there are two kinds of electrification and we find that (i) like charges…….. and (ii) unlike
charges…………each other.
4. The property which differentiates the two kinds of charges is called the………….. of charge.
5. A simple apparatus to detect charge on a body is the……………. electroscope.
6. The degree of divergance is an indicator of the…………. of charge.
7. all matter is made up of atoms and/or molecules. Although normally the materials are electrically………,
they do contain charges; but their charges are exactly …………..
8. Forces that hold the molecules together, forces that hold atoms together in a solid, the adhesive force of
glue, forces associated with surface tension, all are basically………. in nature, arising from the forces
between……….. particles.
9. To electrify a neutral body, we need to……or……….one kind of charge. When we say that a body
is……….. , we always refer to this……… charge or deficit of charge.
10. some of the electrons, being…… tightly bound in the atom, are the charges which are….. from one body
to the other. A body can thus be charged……….. by losing some of its electrons.
11. A body can be charged negatively by…….. electrons.
12. No new………is created in the process of rubbing. Also the number of ………., that are transferred, is a
very………….fraction of the total number of electrons in the material body.
13. only the less tightly bound electrons in a material body can be……… from it to another by rubbing.
14. When some charge is transferred to a conductor, it readily gets……..over the entire surface of the con-
ductor. In contrast, if some charge is put on an insulator, it…….. at the same place.
15. When we bring a charged body in contact with the earth, all the excess charge on the body disappears by
causing a momentary current to pass to the ground through the connecting conductor (such as our body).
This process of sharing the charges with the earth is called grounding or earthing.
16. When electrified rods are brought near light objects, induction takes place. The rods induce….. charges
on the near surfaces of the objects and similar charges move to the……… side of the object.
17. when bodies are charged by rubbing, there is………. of electrons from one body to the other; no
new……..are either created or destroyed.
18. When we rub two bodies, what one body……….. in charge the other body loses.
19. the total charge of the………….. system is always conserved.
20. all free charges are…….multiples of a basic unit of charge denoted by e. Q = …….
21. The fact that electric charge is always an integral multiple of e is termed as………. of charge.
22. a unit of charge is called a……. and is denoted by the symbol ………….
23. e =……………… C
24. there are about………… electrons in a charge of –1C.
25. 1 μC (micro coulomb) =…… C or 1 mC (milli coulomb) =……. C.
26. If 109 electrons move out of a body to another body every second, how much time is required to get a to-
tal charge of 1 C on the other body? (198 years)
27. Coulomb measured the force between two point charges and found that it varied……. as the square of
the distance between the charges and was…… proportional to the product of the magnitude of the two
charges and acted along the line joining the two charges.
28. In SI units, the value of k is……………
29. 1 C is the charge that when placed at a distance of 1 m from another charge of the same magnitude in
vacuum experiences an electrical force of repulsion of magnitude……… N
30. The constant k is usually put as k = 1/4πε₀
31. ε₀ is called the………….. of free space .
32. ε₀ = ……… × 10–¹² C² N–¹m–²
33. force on any charge due to a number of other charges is the……. sum of all the forces on that charge due
to the other charges, taken one at a time. The individual forces are……. due to the presence of other
charges. This is termed as the principle of………..
34. Consider three charges q1, q2, q3 each equal to q at the vertices of an equilateral triangle of side l. What
is the force on a charge Q (with the same sign as q) placed at the centroid of the triangle. (Zero)
35. Consider the charges q, q, and –q placed at the vertices of an equilateral triangle. What is the force on
each charge?
ELECTRIC FIELD
1. The electric field due to a charge Q at a point in space may be defined as the force that a unit positive
charge would experience if placed at that point.
2. The charge Q, which is producing the electric field, is called a……. charge and the charge q, which tests
the effect of a source charge, is called a……..charge.
3. the…… of electric field as N/C.
4. Note that the electric field E due to Q, though defined operationally in terms of some test charge q,
is independent of q. The field exists at every point in three-dimensional space.
5. For a positive charge, the electric field will be directed radially…… from the charge. On the other hand,
if the source charge is negative, the electric field vector, at each point, points radially……...
6. The magnitude of electric field E due to a point charge is same on a…… with the point charge at its cen-
tre; in other words, it has a…….. symmetry.
7. Electric field at a point in the space around a system of charges tells you the…….. a unit positive test
charge would experience if placed at that point (without disturbing the system).
8. Electric field is a…….field, since force is a…….. quantity.
9. The field picture is this: the accelerated motion of charge q1 produces…….waves, which then propagate
with the speed…….., reach q2 and cause a force on q2.
10. An electron falls through a distance of 1.5 cm in a uniform electric field of magnitude 2.0 × 10⁴ N C–¹.
The direction of the field is reversed keeping its magnitude unchanged and a proton falls through the
same distance. Compute the time of fall in each case. Contrast the situation with that of ‘free fall under
gravity’.
11. Two point charges q1 and q2, of magnitude +10–⁸ C and –10–⁸ C, respectively, are placed 0.1 m apart.
Calculate the electric fields at points A, B and C.
12. the magnitude of the field is represented by the……… of field lines.
13. E is strong near the charge, so the density of field lines is…… near the charge and the lines are closer.
Away from the charge, the field gets……….. and the density of field lines is less, resulting in well-sepa-
rated lines.
14. the relative density (i.e., closeness) of the field lines at different points indicates the relative………. of
electric field at those points. The field lines crowded where the field is….. and are spaced apart where it
is ……..
15. a curve drawn in such a way that the………to it at each point is in the direction of the net field at that
point.
16. Field lines start from….. charges and end at……. charges. If there is a single charge, they may start or
end at……..
17. In a charge-free region,electric field lines scan be taken to be………..curves without any breaks.
18. Two field lines can….. cross each other. (If they did, the field at the point of intersection will not have
a……. direction, which is absurd.)
19. Electrostatic field lines do not form any……… loops. This follows from the……. nature of electric field.
20. Draw electric field lines for single positive charge.
21. Draw electric field lines for single negative charge.
22. Draw electric field lines for pair of positive changes.
23. Draw electric field lines for a pair of negative charges.
24. Draw electric field lines for an electric dipole.
25. the number of field lines crossing a unit area, placed normal to the field at a point is a measure of the
strength of……. field at that point.
26. a small planar element of area ∆S normal to E at a point, the number of field lines crossing it
is…………. proportional to E ∆S.
27. suppose we tilt the area element by angle θ. Clearly, the number of field lines crossing the area element
will be……….. The projection of the area element normal to E is ∆S………. Thus, the number of field
lines crossing ∆S is proportional to E ∆S cosθ. When θ =……°, field lines will be parallel to ∆S and will
not cross it at all.
28. the direction of a planar area vector is along its……….
29. if one wishes to estimate the density of field lines, one has to consider the number of lines per
unit……….., perpendicular to the lines. Since the electric field decreases as the square of the distance
from a point charge and the area enclosing the charge increases as the square of the distance, the number
of field lines crossing the enclosing area remains………, whatever may be the…….. of the area from the
charge.
30. The vector associated with every area element of a closed surface is taken to be in the direction of
the………normal.
31. The unit of electric flux is…………
32. An electric dipole is a…….of equal and………. point charges q and –q, separated by a distance 2a. The
line connecting the two charges defines a direction in space. By convention, the direction from….to…..is
said to be the direction of the dipole. The mid-point of locations of –q and q is called the……of the
dipole.
33. The total charge of the electric dipole is………. This does not mean that the field of the electric dipole is
zero.
34. Dipole moment is a……quantity whose……… is charge q times the separation 2a (between the pair of
charges q, –q) and the direction is along the line from –q to q.
35. The important point that the dipole field at large distances falls off not as 1/r² but as1/…. The magnitude
and the direction of the dipole field depends not only on the distance r but also on the angle between the
position…….. and the dipole……...
36. Most molecules,have their centres of positive charges and of negative charges lie at the same place.
Therefore, their dipole moment is…... CO₂ and CH₄ are of this type of molecules.these molecules are
called………….. molecules.
37. ………. molecules develop a dipole moment when an electric field is applied.
38. in some molecules, the centres of negative charges and of positive charges…… coincide. Therefore they
have a permanent electric dipole moment, even in the absence of an…….. Such molecules are
called…… molecules. Water molecules, H₂O, is an example of this type.
39. Two charges ±10 μC are placed 5.0 mm apart. Determine the electric field at (a) a point P on the axis of
the dipole 15 cm away from its centre O on the side of the positive charge, and (b) a point Q, 15 cm
away from O on a line passing through O and normal to the axis of the dipole,
40. Centre of a collection of positive point charges is defined much the same way as the centre of mass:
rcm= ∑qr/∑q
41. What is the direction of field intensity at a point , on axial line and on equilateral line?
42. What is the nature of symmetry of the electric field due to a point charge and electric dipole?
43. Explain stable and unstable equilibrium when dipole is suspended in electric field.
44. What is the electric flux when a dipole is contained in a closed surface?
45. What is unit and dimension of electric flux?
46. Draw graph for electric field vs distance for charged shell, solid conducting sphere,solid nonconducting
sphere.