The University of Faisalabad

Reg #: BEE-FA19-044 Haseeb Ashraf

School of Electrical Engineering

The University of Faisalabad

Program: Bachelor of Electrical Engineering Semester: 07

Subject: EE-301 Digital Electronics Date……………….

Lab Report 1: Understanding RC circuits

Objectives:

• Introduction to RC circuits
• Behaviour of RC in any network

Name: M. Haseeb Ashraf

Rubrics

Performance Lab
Report
Description Total Marks Description Total Marks
Marks Obtained Marks Obtained
Experiment 10 Organization/Structure 05
Related
Knowledge
Data analysis 10 Data Presentation 05
Total Marks
Obtained

Remarks (if any):- ______________________

Name & Signature of faculty: - _______________

EE-301 Digital Electronics

 The University of Faisalabad
Reg #: BEE-FA19-044 Haseeb Ashraf

Title:
Understanding RC circuits
Objectives:
• Introduction to RC circuits
• Behaviour of RC in any network
Theory:
A resistor–capacitor circuit (RC circuit), or RC filter or RC network, is an electric circuit
composed of resistors and capacitors. It may be driven by a voltage or current source and these
will produce different responses. A first order RC circuit is composed of one resistor and one
capacitor and is the simplest type of RC circuit.

RC circuits can be used to filter a signal by blocking certain frequencies and passing others. The
two most common RC filters are the high-pass filters and low-pass filters; band-pass filters and
band-stop filters usually require RLC filters, though crude ones can be made with RC filters. A
resistor–capacitor circuit (RC circuit), or RC filter or RC network, is an electric circuit composed
of resistors and capacitors. It may be driven by a voltage or current source and these will produce
different responses. A first order RC circuit is composed of one resistor and one capacitor and is
the simplest type of RC circuit.

The figure below shows a capacitor, ( C ) in series with a resistor, ( R ) forming a RC Charging
Circuit connected across a DC battery supply ( Vs ) via a mechanical switch. at time zero, when
the switch is first closed, the capacitor gradually charges up through the resistor until the voltage
across it reaches the supply voltage of the battery. The manner in which the capacitor charges up
is shown below:

Let us assume above, that the capacitor, C is fully “discharged” and the switch (S) is fully open.
These are the initial conditions of the circuit, then t = 0, i = 0 and q = 0. When the switch is closed
the time begins at t = 0 and current begins to flow into the capacitor via the resistor.

EE-301 Digital Electronics

 The University of Faisalabad
Reg #: BEE-FA19-044 Haseeb Ashraf

Formulae:

Since the initial voltage across the capacitor is zero, ( Vc = 0 ) at t = 0 the capacitor appears
to be a short circuit to the external circuit and the maximum current flows through the circuit
restricted only by the resistor R. Then by using Kirchhoff’s voltage law (KVL), the voltage drops
around the circuit are given as:

𝑉𝑠 − 𝑅 × 𝑖(𝑡) − 𝑉𝑐(𝑡) = 0

The current now flowing around the circuit is called the Charging Current and is found by using
Ohms law as: The current now flowing around the circuit is called the Charging Current and is
found by using Ohms law as:

𝑖 = 𝑉𝑠/𝑅

The overall general equation for capacitor is given as:

𝑉 = 𝑉𝑜[1 − 𝑒 −𝑡/𝑅𝐶 ]

Circuit diagram:

EE-301 Digital Electronics

 The University of Faisalabad
Reg #: BEE-FA19-044 Haseeb Ashraf

Output:

Conclusions:
As we can say from the equation that capacitor has exponential behaviour either for
charging or discharging depending upon its RC value, while charging or discharging capacitor its
voltage exponentially rise and decay.

EE-301 Digital Electronics