SYLLABUS FOR THE MONTH - NOVEMBER (2022)

LESSON No.9- HALVES AND QUARTERS NOTES

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● Fraction: A fraction represents a part of a whole.

For example, 1 ⁄ 2 is a fraction, that means 1 part out of 2 equal parts.
½ - Half (One whole object is divided into two equal parts. Each part is the half of
the whole object)

1
⁄4 - (one quarter)is a fraction, it denotes 1 part out of 4 equal parts.

3
⁄8 is a fraction, it denotes 3 equal parts out of 8 equal parts. Here 3 is numerator and
8 is denominator.

How to write a fraction.A fraction is represented by writing two numbers

vertically (one below the other) separated by a short horizontal line.

o Numerator: It is the number written above the line, that represents the
number of parts we have taken from the total parts of the whole object.
o Denominator: It is the number written below the line which represents the
total parts of the whole.
Example: If 3/4 is a fraction, then 3 is the numerator and 4 is the denominator.
● Equivalent fractions are the fractions that have different numerators and
denominators but are equal in their values.
For example, 2/4 and 3/6 are equivalent fractions, because they both are
equal to ½.
Equivalent fractions represent the same portion of the whole.
 ● To find the equivalent fractions of a given fraction, multiply or divide the
denominator and the numerator by the same numbers.

o Multiplying the numerator and denominator of a fraction by the same

number will give an equivalent fraction.
Eg Fractions 1/2 and 3/6
Cross multiply both the fractions to get:
1x6=6

2x3=6

Since, both the values are equal, t, 1/2 and 3/6 are equivalent fractions.

o Divide the numerator and the denominator of a fraction by the same

number to obtain an equivalent fraction.

● A half, a whole, a quarter:

● Half and quarter:

When you halve a number, you split it into 2 equal parts, or divide it by 2.

When you quarter a number, you split it into 4 equal parts, or divide it by 4
Half of Half is quarter.
Example:
Find half of 46
To find half of 46, we need to divide 46 by 2.
46 / 2 = 23
Find a quarter of 24
To find a quarter of 24, we need to divide 24 by 4, or halve it twice.
24 / 4 = 6

Examples:
1.) 1 litre= 1000ml
½ litre= 500 ml
¼ litre= 250 ml
¾ litre= 750 ml
2.) 1 kg=1000g
¾ kg =750 g
750g = 500g +250g
= 250 g+250g +250g
= 500g+200g+50g

Word problems:
1. Mother cut a cake into 20 equal pieces. I ate 3/5 of the pieces. How many
pieces did I eat?
Total number of pieces = 20
Pieces left = 20 x 3/5 = 12 pieces

2. Nisha has a piece of string that is 14 cm long. She wants to cut in half. How
long will each piece be?
Length of the string = 14 cm
Nisha cuts the string in half = 14/2 = 7
Each piece will be 7 cm long.
NB:Statement sums from the text book to be done as Class work.