FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING

OOCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH

SEMESTER 1, SESI 2020/2021

SECTION 3

BEE12202

TOPIC: ELECTRICAL WIRING

PREPARED BY:

NO STUDENT NAME NO MATRIC

1. MUHAMMAD HAFIQ BIN MURAD AE200022
2. NOR SHAFIKA BINTI SHABUDDIN CE200195
3. MUHAMMAD SYAHIM AZIM BIN SUNGIP CE200041
4. MUHAMMAD IRFAN BIN YAZID CE200155
5. MUHAMMAD HAFIZ BIN ISHAK CE200035

LECTURER NAME: TS. DR. MUHAMMAD HAZLI BIN MAZLAN

SUBMISSION DATE: 7 DECEMBER 2020

86/100

4.3/5
 TABLE CONTENT

CONTENT PAGES
Introduction 3

Objectives 4

Methodology 5

Analysis and discussion 7

Recommendations improvement and prevention methods 15

Conclusion 16

References 17

Appendices 18

2
 INTRODUCTION /5

Electricity is essential to modern life, both at home and on the job. Some employees such as
engineers, electricians, electronic technicians, and power line workers work with electricity directly.
Perhaps because it has become such a familiar part of our daily life, many of us don't give much
thought to how much our work depends on a reliable source of electricity. More importantly, we tend
to overlook the hazards electricity poses and fail to treat it with the respect it deserves.

Electrical wiring is an insulated conductor which is used to carry the current and associated
device. Electrical wiring is used to provide power to a building, transfer of electric current from the
substation to the customers is done by the distribution network and the electrical power will be taken
from the mainboard to different types of load and this is done by the help of electrical wiring.
Electrical wiring must be carefully installed and maintained in a way that it could provide safety to
persons and property. Poorly installed wiring will be very dangerous to the owner and to his personal
property.

Besides, the important thing to work more safely with or near electricity is the voltage of the
electricity and the available electrical current in regular businesses and homes has enough power to
cause death by electrocution. As example, changing a light bulb without unplugging the lamp can be
hazardous because coming in contact with the hot, energized or live part of the socket could kill a
person.

To know about electricity is all electrical systems have the potential to cause harm. Electricity
can be either static or dynamic. Dynamic electricity is the uniform motion of electrons through a
conductor (this is known as electric current). Conductors are materials that allow the movement of
electricity through it. Most metals are conductors. The human body is also a conductor. Next, Static
electricity is accumulation of charge on surfaces as a result of contact and friction with another
surface. This contact or friction causes an accumulation of electrons on one surface, and a deficiency
of electrons on the other surface.

Employees who work directly with electricity should use the personal protective equipment
required for the jobs they perform. This equipment may include rubber insulating gloves, hoods,
sleeves, matting, blankets, line hose, and industrial protective helmets designed to reduce electric
shock hazard. Because of that, it’s important to maintain tools regularly because it prevents them
from deteriorating and becoming dangerous. Check each tool before using it. If you find a defect,
immediately remove it from service and tag it so no one will use it until it has been repaired or
replaced. Lastly, this can be avoided by storing the electronic or electric instruments right away after
unstring it and do not let the cords get wet and help reduce the risk of electrical wiring.

3
 OBJECTIVES /5

We were given the task to prepare a report for electrical wiring hazard based on HIRARC (Hazard
Identification, Risk Assessment, Risk Control) Based on the information that we get, we have
prepared the report based on the task that be given to us. The objective of our report has successfully
achieved. Upon completion of the report, student will able to:

i)To define the hazard, risk and danger based on the electrical wiring hazard.

ii)List the safety and health hazard based on the electrical wiring hazard.

iii)To give effective method to avoid hazard by doing risk assessment.

iv)To determining the severity and likelihood by doing the table.

v)Discuss to reduce or avoid hazard by doing risk control (RC).

vi)To provide qualitative risk table.

vii)To summary the hazard analysis.

4
 METHODOLOGY /5

Hazard identification, Risk Assessment and Risk Control (HIRARC) is a method to help an
organization to manage hazard that exists in their workplace efficiently. When HIRARC is implement
at the workplace, we can easily identify all element and factor that can cause danger toward worker
any people. The main purpose of HIRARC is to ensure the current the risk control is sufficient.
Hazard Identification method for electrical wiring job is done by implement HIRARC method.

Table 1: Hierarchy of controls

Hazard identification.

The best method to identify hazard in workplace is conducting workplace inspection

program. Conducting workplace inspection program will help prevent any type of risk. To carry out
an inspection workplace, it is necessary to have workplace inspection checklist. the check list needs to
be considered the environment, equipment and work process.

5
Risk Assessment.

Risk assessment is a process to determine the ranking of the hazard. The hazard is calculated
and ranked to identify which hazard have the biggest risk and the priority to eliminate the hazard or
minimize it. The hazard ranking is calculated by considering the factor of level exposure, the number
of people exposed to the risk and the severity of the hazard.

Risk Control.

To control the risk, it is important to measure or take action to eliminate the risk or minimize
the risk of the person exposed to the hazards. Controlling the risk must be abide by the law and
regulation. Control the risk can be organize according to a hierarchy that emphasizes engineering
solutions. When controlling the hazard, we need to reminded to avoid selecting controls that may
directly or indirectly introduce new hazards.

6
 ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSIONS /36
i) Safety Hazard

Table 1: Job/Task List

Which can Existing Risk

Recommended
NO Task/Work Activity Hazard cause/effect Control
Control Measure
See spark or
smoke coming Only use one
creating fire from a plug or socket extension
Using overloaded It can heat the and risks of appliance and a lead per socket
1. extension cords during wires to a very electrical smell of hot and never plug an
working. high temperature shock plastic or burning extension lead
near an into another
appliance or extension lead.
socket.
Check the handle
Cardiac arrest, Wear or use
Measure current flow and body casing
severe burns personal
2. using damage Electric shock of the tool for
or death is protective
equipment or tools cracks or other
probable equipment (PPE)
damage
Follow the proper
Electrical Not using suitable Electrocution/ procedure when
3. Wear PPE (glove)
wiring/maintenance tools/PPE shock doing
maintenance
-put warning sign
Messy cable Tie and secure all -use tape to
4. Moving around the site Tripping/fall
management the cable secure the cable
to the ground
The wire will
overheat, can See the wire
Using improperly
extension cord Use the proper
Using extension cords rated of extension cause fire and
5. has smoke and rate extension
while working cord/ inadequate electrical
smell burning cord
wiring shock wire

Make sure cloth,

See spark on hand,
wire or electrical environment at
6. Using tool while working Wet condition Electric shock
tool or the place workplace not wet
is wet while working
with electrical tool
Follow the safety
Make proper
Electrical wiring and Electrical procedure while
7. Tripping wiring, don’t use
maintenance shock, burn doing wiring, use
exposed wire
suitable wire
Follow the safety
Never remove
Leakage the procedure for
Grounding wiring and Burn, electrical ground pin,
8. current to the maintenance or
maintenance shock make proper
ground wiring, use the
ground wiring
proper ground pin

7
 ii) Health Hazard

Table 1: Job/Task List

Which can Existing Risk

Recommended
NO Task/Work Activity Hazard cause/effect Control
Control Measure
The wire that
heated produces
fumes containing
Easy for wire to
harmful
Using Heavy be heated to install a safety Use the proper
1. chemicals that
covering of wires higher come from wire switch, wire cover
temperature insulating
materials
.
As water conducts
electricity,
Make sure the
Can get injured keeping outlets
Outlets close to such as muscle outlets are
2. Electrical shock away from water
spamps or keeping at dry
water reduces the
death surrounding
chance of electric
shock.

8
Table 2: Probability/likelihood
Probability/Likelihood
Value
Using overloaded extension
cords during working.
Measure current flow using
damage equipment or tools
Electrical wiring/maintenance
Moving around the site
Using extension cords while
working
Using tool while working
Electrical wiring and
maintenance
Grounding wiring and
maintenance
Using Heavy covering of wires
Outlets close to water
9
Description
Office fire originated from
using overloaded extension
2
cord resulting in 3 death and
10 injuring.
Workers use damage
equipment and tools without
2
checking the equipment and
tools.
3 workers got electrocute
2 while doing maintenance
work
Worker always trip
3
themselves and fall
Causing fire from the
2
extension cord
Worker using tool in wet
3
environment
worker got electrocute by
2 low voltage power which
causing no injury or harm
Ground wire have been trip
2
causing leakage voltage
The wire easy to be heated
to high temperature and
produce electrical fires with
2
chemical fumes that are
dangerous to our respiratory
system
5 Electric shock happens
Table 3: Consequences and severity
Value
Using overloaded extension
cords during working.
Measure current flow using
damage equipment or tools
Electrical wiring/maintenance
Moving around the site
Using extension cords while
working
Using tool while working
Electrical wiring and
maintenance
Grounding wiring and
maintenance
Using Heavy covering of wires
Outlets close to water
Description
Consequences/Severity
Office will set in fire and
3 workers get injured if
extension cord explodes
The workers will get shock
4 using damaged tools and
equipment.
3 workers got electrocute by
2 low voltage power which
causing no injury/harm
worker trip themselves and
4
fall, which caused light injury
Causing fire from the
3 extension cord which can
cause harm to the worker
Worker using tool in wet
environment causing the
3
electric shock and light injury
to the worker
Worker have severe damage
2 by wire tripping and burn
which no injury
leakage voltage causing
4
tripping have been happen
2 Cause burning covered wire
Electrical shock produces and
1
can get big injured
10
Table 4: Risk Matrix (Probability/Likelihood vs Consequences/Severity)
Value Probability/Likelihood Consequences/Severity
Using overloaded extension
2 3
cords during working.
Measure current flow using
2 4
damage equipment or tools
Electrical wiring/maintenance 2 2
Moving around the site 3 4
Using extension cords while
2 3
working
Using tool while working 3 3
Electrical wiring and
2 2
maintenance
Grounding wiring and
2 4
maintenance
Using Heavy covering of wires 2 2
Outlets close to water 5 1

Table 5: Risk Value

Value Probability/Likelihood Consequences/Severity value
Using overloaded
extension cords 2 3 Medium
during working.
Measure current
flow using damage 2 4 Medium
equipment or tools
Electrical
2 2 Low
wiring/maintenance
Moving around the
3 4 Medium
site
Using extension
2 3 Medium
cords while working
Using tool while
3 3 Medium
working
Electrical wiring and
2 2 Low
maintenance
Grounding wiring
2 4 Medium
and maintenance
Using Heavy covering
2 2 low
of wires
Outlets close to
5 1 Medium
water

11
 Table 6: Job/Task List (HIRARC)

3. Risk Control
1. Hazard Identification (HI) 2. Risk Assessment (RA)
(RC)
Existing Risk
Work Which can Severit Recommended
No Hazard Control Likelihood Risk
Activity cause/effect y Control Measures
(if any)
See spark or
smoke coming Only use one
Using It can heat creating fire from a plug or socket extension
overloaded the wires to and risks of appliance and lead per socket and
1. extension a very high electrical a smell of hot 2 3 6 never plug an
cords during temperatur shock plastic or extension lead into
working. e burning near another extension
an appliance lead.
or socket.
Check the
Measure Cardiac
handle and
current flow arrest, severe Wear or use
Electric body casing of
2. using damage burns or 2 4 8 personal protective
shock the tool for
equipment or death is equipment (PPE
cracks or
tools probable
other damage
Electrical Not using Follow the proper
Electrocution Wear PPE
3. wiring/mainte suitable 2 2 4 procedure when
/shock (glove)
nance tools/PPE doing maintenance
-put warning sign
Moving Messy cable
Tie and secure -use tape to secure
4. around the managemen Tripping/fall 3 4 12
all the cable the cable to the
site t
ground
Using The wire will
overheat, See the wire
improperly
Using extension
rated of can cause
extension cord has Use the proper
5. extension fire and 2 3 6
cords while smoke and rate extension cord
cord/ electrical
working smell burning
inadequate shock wire
wiring
See spark on Make sure cloth,
wire or hand, environment
Using tool Wet
6. Electric shock electrical tool 3 3 9 at workplace not
while working condition
or the place is wet while working
wet with electrical tool
Make proper Follow the safety
Electrical
Electrical wiring, don’t procedure while
7. wiring and Tripping 2 2 4
shock, burn use exposed doing wiring, use
maintenance
wire suitable wire
Follow the safety
Never remove
Grounding Leakage the Burn, procedure for
ground pin,
8. wiring and current to electrical 2 4 8 maintenance or
make proper
maintenance the ground shock wiring, use the
ground wiring
proper ground pin

12
 The wire that
heated
produces
Easy for fumes
wire to be containing
Using Heavy
heated to harmful install a safety Use the proper
9. covering of 2 2 4
higher chemicals switch, wire cover
wires that come
temperatur
e from wire
insulating
materials
.
As water
conducts
Can get
electricity,
injured such Make sure the
Outlets close Electrical keeping outlets
10. as muscle 5 1 5 outlets are keeping
to water shock away from
spamps or at dry surrounding
water reduces
death
the chance of
electric shock

13
Table 7: Risk Ranking

Ranking Job/Task
1 Electrical wiring/maintenance
1 Electrical wiring and maintenance
1 Using Heavy covering of wires
2 Outlets close to water
2 Using extension cords while working
2 Using overloaded extension cords during working.
3 Measure current flow using damage equipment or tools.
3 Grounding wiring and maintenance
4 Using tool while working
5 Moving around the site

14
 RECOMMENDATIONS /30

The table below shows the recommended control measures for the hazards that were identified in the
electrical wiring.

Risk Description Action

1–4 Low It is considered as acceptable and further reduction of
the risk may not be necessary. However, if the hazard
can be eliminating immediately, the control measure can
be implemented for this hazard and recorded.
5 – 12 Medium A plan to control the hazard is required, and the
temporary control measure should be applied if
needed. Action taken and date must be documented on
the risk assessment form.
15 – 25 High An immediate action is required as detailed in the
hierarchy of control. Action taken and date must be
documented in the risk assessment form.

The hazards that have assessed as high risk should take immediate actions to resolve the
possible risks. Choosing a suitable control is important to eliminate the hazard or reduce the risk.
For the highest risk that come from safety hazard moving around the site. There many messy
cable managements that can cause falling and tripping. The hazard can be eliminated by put warning
sign. Another way to overcome this hazard is by using tape to secure the cable to the ground. And
follow by the lowest risk which is electrical wiring and maintenance that cause electric shock and can
be minimized by follow the proper procedure when doing maintenance (wear PPE gloves) and wiring
(use suitable wire).
Lastly, for the most critical health hazard is Outlets close to water it can causes electric shock
which can injured our body extremely and if no one see the person get electric shock it can cause death.
Make sure the outlets are keeping at dry surrounding as water conducts electricity, keeping outlets away
from water reduces the chance of electric shock. And the lowest health hazard happened in electrical
wiring is using heavy covering of wires that easy for the wire get heat up to high temperature. The wire
that heated produces fumes containing harmful chemicals that come from wire insulating materials that
can damaged our system respiration. This hazard can be solved by install a safety switch and use the
proper wire cover.

15
 CONCLUSIONS /5

From our study about Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment analysis for Electrical wiring
field, the critical hazard identified for safety hazard was poor procedure of electrical wiring and
maintenance and for health hazard is use heavy covering of wires and outlets close to water is the low
likelihood and high risk.

Lastly, the job task, likelihood, severity and risk analysis in electrical wiring field can give
awareness of the hazard and can make the worker in this field more careful. The recommended control
measure may help in avoiding the incident and accident that are caused from the hazards identified.
This will help the students and workers go to work in more secure in electrical field which at the same
time can make proper and safe wiring for users and safety working place for workers and student.

16
 REFERENCES

1. Linzey, W., Traskos, M., & Brunin, A. (2007). Development of an arc damage modeling tool
[Z]. Lectromechanical Design Company.
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/1-Development-of-an-Arc-Damage-Modeling-Tool-
Linzey-Traskos/8c346171e2b7ede1263988fb15dc3eb477753103?p2df
2. Damaged tool and test equipment. (2010). Toolbox safety training.
http://wintercompanies.com/AppCenter/80Intranet/doc/ToolboxTalks/DamagedToolsAndT
estEquipment-En.pdf
3. Electrical hazard and electrical safety. (30 October 2020). Safety culture.
https://safetyculture.com/topics/electrical-hazards/
4. Platinum Electrician. (2017, July 28). 8 Most Dangerous Home Electrical Hazards.
https://www.platinumelectricians.com.au/blog/8-dangerous-home-electrical-hazards/
5. Department of Safety and Health Malaysia. Guidelines for Hazard Identification, Risk
Assessment and Risk Control (HIRARC), 2008. Retrieved from
https://www.dosh.gov.my/index.php/legislation/guidelines/hirarc-2
6. Hera Singh. Oct 15, 2011. HAZARD IDENTIFICATION, RISK ASSESSMENT & RISK CONTROL
https://www.slideshare.net/hazimtalib/hirarc
7. Glenn Demby Esq. (12/1/2017) 6 Typical Electrical Hazards In The Workplace.
https://www.bongarde.com/6-typical-electrical-hazards-workplace/

17
 APPENDICES

No. Hazards Diagram

1. Damage Isolation and Improper

Grounding

2. Electric Shock and Tripping

18
3. Damaged tools and test equipment.

Covered electric cord and outlets near

4. water

19
5. Inadequate wiring and wet condition

20