03:22:2805/02/2023

Distance Protection ( √3 = 1.732051 )

70 KV Overhead Line 185 mm2 17.5 km
PT = 70000 / 100
√3 √3 R1 = 0.19326 Ω/km
NPT = 700 X1 = 0.40977 Ω/km
CT = 500 / 5 R0 = 0.4241 Ω/km
NCT = 100 X0 = 0.97694 Ω/km
Max Load P = 13.5 MW
Max I I= 111.346 A
I' = 1.11346 A
R1 = 3.38205 Ω
X1 = 7.17098 Ω
tan Φ = XL/RL = 2.1203
Φ= 64.75 ˚ = 65 ˚ adr1105
X'sec = 0.05854 Ω/km adr1110
R0 = 7.42175 Ω
X0 = 17.0965 Ω
Earth Impedance Ratio
RE/RL = 0.39815 Ω = 0.4 Ω adr1116
XE/XL = 0.46137 Ω = 0.46 Ω adr1117
Earth Fault Recognition
3I0 = 1.5 x 20% x Imax = 0.3340 A
Iph> = ILmax x 1.2 = 1.3362 A
Distance Protection with Polygonal Tripping Characteristic
X1prim = 6.09533 Ω
X1sec = 0.87076 Ω T1 = 0 sec
X2prim = 10.7565 Ω
X2sec = 1.53664 T2 = 0.3 sec

Resistance Margin (From PLN) Rarc = 0.157 Ω/km/skt/fasa

Ph-Ph Rarc = 2.7475 Ω Xarc = 0.449 Ω/km/skt/fasa
Ph-e Rarc-e = 6.51 Ω Rarc-e = 0.372 Ω/km/skt/fasa
Rtower <= 5 Ω Xarc-e = 1.199 Ω/km/skt/fasa
Rprim = 1.4 Ω Y/2 = + j 0.705 μSi/km/skt/fasa
Rsec = 0.196 Ω
REprim = Rarc-e+Rtower = 11.51 Ω
REsec = 1.644 Ω
R1sec = 0.16681 Ω
R1Esec = 1.39764 Ω
R2sec = 0.29438 Ω
R2Esec = 2.46643 Ω

Overcurrent Protection
I> = 1.5 x I' = 1.67 A T= 0.5 sec
I>> = 4 x I' = 4.45 A T= 0 sec

Under Frequency Protection

F1 = 49.5 Hz Alarm
F2 = 49 Hz Trip

Kukuh Karnanto