SLIDE 1

Introduction
Fundamental Duties refer to the moral, ethical and constitutional obligations of citizens
towards their country. These duties were added to the Indian Constitution in 1976 as a part
of the 42nd Amendment Act, in order to complement the Fundamental Rights enshrined in
the Constitution. The Fundamental Duties are aimed at promoting a sense of responsibility
and patriotism among citizens and to ensure that they do not infringe upon the rights of
others while exercising their own rights. They are also intended to promote the welfare of
society as a whole and to maintain the integrity and unity of the nation. In India, the
Constitution recognizes both rights and duties as essential components of citizenship.

SLIDE 2
Definition of Fundamental Rights

Fundamental Rights are the basic human rights that are guaranteed to every citizen of a country
by its constitution. These rights are considered fundamental because they are essential for the
overall development and well-being of individuals and they cannot be taken away or violated by
the state or any other entity. The concept of fundamental rights is based on the principle that
every individual is entitled to certain basic rights and freedoms that are necessary for their
dignity, liberty, and equality. In most democratic countries, including India, fundamental rights
are enshrined in the constitution as a means of protecting citizens from the excesses of the state
and promoting social justice and democracy. Some examples of fundamental rights include the
right to equality, right to freedom, right against exploitation, right to freedom of religion, and the
right to constitutional remedies.

SLIDE 3
Examples of Fundamental Rights

1. Right to Equality: No discrimination based on religion, race, caste, place of birth.

2. Right to Freedom: Freedom of speech, assembly, association, profession, occupation,
trade or business, and movement throughout the territory of India.
3. Right against Exploitation: Prohibition of forced labor, child labor, and human
trafficking.
4. Right to Freedom of Religion: Freedom of conscience and the right to practice,
profess, and propagate any religion.
5. Cultural and Educational Rights: Right to preserve and promote one's own culture,
language, and script, and the right to education, which is free and compulsory up to
a certain age.
6. Right to Constitutional Remedies: Right to move the courts for the enforcement of
fundamental rights through writs such as habeas corpus, mandamus, certiorari, and
prohibition.

Slide 4
Definition of Fundamental Duties

Fundamental Duties are a set of moral obligations that are

expected of every citizen of a country, as outlined in its
constitution. These duties serve as a reminder to citizens that
while they have certain rights, they also have a responsibility to
exercise those rights responsibly and contribute to the
betterment of society. In

India, there are 11 fundamental duties listed under Article 51A

of the Constitution, which include respecting the Constitution,
promoting harmony and the spirit of brotherhood,
safeguarding public property, and protecting the natural
environment, among others..

SLIDE 5
Examples of Fundamental Duties

1. To respect the Constitution, national flag and national anthem.

2. To promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood.
3. To safeguard public property and to abjure violence.
4. To protect the natural environment, including forests, lakes, rivers, and wildlife.
5. To develop scientific temper, humanism, and the spirit of inquiry and reform.
6. To strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity.
7. To provide opportunities for education to children between the ages of six and
fourteen years. of women.
8. To protect the sovereignty, unity, and integrity of India.
9. To render national service when called upon to do so.

SLID 6
How Fundamental Duties complement Fundamental Rights

1. Fundamental Duties and Fundamental Rights are two sides of the same coin.
Fundamental Rights are granted to the citizens of a country to ensure their
protection and well-being, while Fundamental Duties are the responsibilities
that every citizen has towards their country and society. Here are some ways
in which Fundamental Duties complement Fundamental Rights:
2. Responsibility towards society: Fundamental Duties remind citizens that while
they have certain rights, they also have a responsibility to use them
responsibly and contribute to the betterment of society.
3. Protection of rights: By fulfilling their Fundamental Duties, citizens can help
ensure that the rights of others are protected, leading to a harmonious and
peaceful society.
4. Balance between rights and responsibilities: Fundamental Duties provide a
balance between the rights and responsibilities of citizens, ensuring that the
exercise of rights does not infringe upon the rights of others.
5. Fulfillment of social obligations: Fundamental Duties encourage citizens to
fulfill their social obligations, such as protecting the environment, promoting
harmony, and safeguarding public property.
6. Strengthening democracy: By fulfilling their Fundamental Duties, citizens can
help strengthen democracy and ensure that the government is accountable to
its citizens.
7. In summary, Fundamental Duties complement Fundamental Rights by
providing citizens with a sense of responsibility towards their country and
society, and by ensuring a balance between the exercise of rights and the
fulfillment of responsibilities.

SLIDE 7
Here are some of the key importance of fundamental rights in short form:

1. Protect human dignity

2. Promote equality
3. Safeguard against abuse of power
4. Facilitate development
5. Protect individual freedom
6. Protect minority rights

SLID 8
Importance of Fundamental Duties

Fundamental Duties are essential for the development and progress of a country. Here are some
Here are some of the key importance of fundamental duties in short form:

1. Instill a sense of responsibility towards the country and society

2. Promote social harmony and national integration
3. Help in protecting the environment and preserving cultural heritage
4. Encourage citizens to participate in the democratic process
5. Foster a culture of civic consciousness and promote the overall development of the nation.
society.

SLIDE 9

conclusion

In conclusion, Fundamental Rights and Fundamental Duties are two sides of the
same coin. While Fundamental Rights ensure that every citizen is entitled to certain
basic rights, Fundamental Duties remind citizens of their responsibility towards their
country and society. By fulfilling their duties, citizens can contribute to a harmonious
and prosperous society where every individual is treated with dignity and respect.

It is important to note that the exercise of Fundamental Rights should not infringe
upon the rights of others, and that every citizen has a responsibility to promote
social harmony, protect the environment, and work towards the common good of
the country. By striking a balance between rights and responsibilities, citizens can
contribute to the overall development and progress of the nation.

Therefore, it is crucial for every citizen to understand the importance of both

Fundamental Rights and Fundamental Duties, and strive to fulfill their duties while
exercising their rights responsibly. Only then can we build a society that is just,
equitable, and inclusive for all.