FACTORS ALLOWING TRANSPIRATION

COHESION – TENSION

Leaf
stomata Transpiration
Xylem

Taking this route by the

water, is governed by
cohesion-tension theory. Roots
 COHESION – TENSION

The surface area and plays a very More More

Surface area = Evaporation
important role, many plants have
smaller leaves such as ferns. Tropical
plants have larger leaves.
COHESION – TENSION
COHESION – TENSION

Cohesion Adhesion
COHESION – TENSION
COHESION – TENSION
CAPILLARY ACTION
 CAPILLARY ACTION

The broad or wide vessel

Adhesion with the
does not support the
walls facilitates
movement and water
water movement /
column keeps on breaking.
transportation.
Narrowness of
vessel facilitates
the movement. Narrow Wide
 CAPILLARY ACTION

When lots of xylem vessel tubes are packed in

an area the total effect of water being moved
by adhesion to walls of xylem vessels is more
and greater mass of water moving up the plant.

Bushes Seedling started growing

ROOT PRESSURE
ROOT PRESSURE

Water buildup
causes positive
pressure
+ve Pressure
 ROOT PRESSURE

Active transport of ions creates lower water potential

which makes water follow the ions.
This happens at two places; One way
flow of
1. In root hair cells
water.
2. In endodermis to xylem, where water transportation
happens into the xylem.