Theory of

Architecture
Fourth Stage
Architecture Engineering Department
 Revivalism in architecture is the use of
visual styles that consciously echo the
style of a previous architectural era.
primarily classified as Historicist
architecture. (Historicism)
Revivalism Revivalism evokes principles and
styles from an earlier period
of architectural history and traditions
— of the same cultural place or from
other cultures.
 Renaissance Architecture
is the European architecture of the
period between the early 14th and
early 17th centuries in different
regions, demonstrating a
Renaissance conscious revival and
Architecture development of certain elements
of ancient
Greek and Roman thought and
material culture.
Renaissance means Re-Birth in
Italic.
The classical
orders
Pantheon Temple, Rome, Italy Parthenon Temple, Athens, Greece
Brunelleschi,
Florence
Cathedral
(Italy) in the
early 15th
century,
Villa La R otonda "Capra" , northern Italy, and designed by Andrea
Palladio 1570.

Neo-Classicis
m architecture
https://www.architecture.com/knowledge-a
nd-resources/knowledge-landing-page/clas
sical-classical-revival-neo-classical
Classical Revival (Neo Classical)
This is architecture that looks back to a Classical past. The
roots of Classicism are in ancient Greek and Roman
architecture - in the temple architecture of ancient Greece and
in the religious, military and civic architecture of the Roman
Empire
The term is associated with an academic revival of Classicism
that began in France in the mid 18th century when architects
began to study classical buildings anew rather than later
derivatives or Renaissance examples. During the 18th century
there was a greater interest in archaeology and antiquarianism,
partly fuelled by the excavations at Pompeii and Herculaneum
and the rediscovery of the architecture of ancient Greece.
What to look for in a Classical building
Use of classical orders (especially Doric, Ionic and Corinthian).
Proportion
Symmetry
Repetition of elements such as windows
University of Virginia, Thomas Jefferson, 1817
 Baltimore Basilica, was the
first R oman Catholic cathedral built
in the United States, 1806 and
1863 to a design of Benjamin Henry
Latrobe
 Eclecticism is a nineteenth and
twentieth-century architectural style in which
a single piece of work incorporates
a mixture of elements from previous
historical styles to create something that is
new and original. In architecture and interior
design, these elements may include
structural features, furniture, decorative
motives, distinct historical ornament,
Eclecticism traditional cultural motifs or styles from
other countries, with the mixture usually
chosen based on its suitability to the project
and overall aesthetic value.
The term is also used of the many architects
of the 19th and early 20th centuries who
designed buildings in a variety of styles
according to the wishes of their clients, or
Saint-Vincent-de-Paul
France, Jean-Baptiste
Lepère in the early 19th
century.
Ionic columns, and
triangular pediment, like
a Greek temple. (Classic)
two large towers over the
pediment from the Gothic
architecture of medieval
Europe (like the Notre
Dame in Paris).
Argentina
parliament
The church of the Sagrada
Familiain Barcelona designed
by Antonio Gaudi is a notable
example of eclecticism.
Elements of the Gothic
style were merged with motifs
and forms found in the natural
world, resulting in a structure
that was distinctive and
original
Although it was designed
during the peak of the eclectic
period (1883–1926), it
remains under construction
today, it is expected to be
completed in 2030.
 Gothic Revival, architectural style
that drew its inspiration
from medieval architecture.
Common Building Types: houses,
schools, churches
Identifiable Features
Gothic Revival
architecture Pointed arches as decorative
element and as window shape
Steeply pitched roof
Decorative crowns (gable or drip
mold) over windows and doors
Castle-like towers with parapets on
some high style buildings St. Giles Church, Pugin, England
Pugin
Bretain

The Palace of Westminster, Commonly known as the Houses of Parliament, in central London, England.
Augustus pugin, 1840– 76
Eugène
Viollet-le-
Duc
France

Project for an iron-frame hotel

Design for a concert hall, dated 1864,

expressing Gothic principles in modern
materials; brick, stone and cast iron.
 14 th
-17 th Renaissance
Architecture
Century
Mid
18 th Neo Classical
Homework Century
Examples with
analysis 19 th
Eclecticism
Century
Mid
19 th Gothic
Revival
Century