Sheet No.

3 ‫عبداللطيف نبيل بو رقه‬

Signal Modulation and Demodulation

1. What are the main components of communication system,

explain the function of each component.
1-Input transducer: The device that converts a physical signal from
source to an electrical, mechanical or electromagnetic signal more
suitable for communicating.
2-Transmitter: The device that sends the transducer signal.
3-Transmission channel: The physical medium on which the signal is
carried.
4-Receiver: The device that recovers the transmitted signal from the
channel.
5-Output transducer: The device that converts the received signal back
into a useful quantity.

2. List the different types of carrier types. Give modulation type

examples for each carrier type.
1-If the message signal m (t) controls amplitude – gives AMPLITUDE
MODULATION AM
2-If the message signal m (t) controls frequency – gives FREQUENCY
MODULATION FM
3- If the message signal m (t) controls phase- gives PHASE
MODULATION PM

3. Define the following:

a) Modulation: message signal, which contains the information is used
to control the parameters of a carrier signal.
b) Carrier: The carrier could be a 'sine wave' or a pulse.
c) Message: The message or modulating signal may be either: analogue –
denoted by m (t) digital – denoted by d (t) – sequences
d) Demodulation: Demodulation is the reverse process to recover
the message signal at the receiver.
e) Noise: Random energy is added to the signal.
f) Attenuation: some of the energy in the signal leaks away
g) Dispersion: attenuation and propagation speed are frequency
dependent.
 Sheet No.3 ‫عبداللطيف نبيل بو رقه‬

4. What are the main aspects that affect in selecting different

modulation methods.
1-bandwidth. 2-Range. 3-Noise Immunity. 4-Multiplexing.
5-Power requirements.

5. Local loop bandwidth: 3400 Hz Typical S/N: 1000 (30db)

What is the upper limit on capacity?
Select a suitable modem for transmission:
a. 14.4kbps

b. 28.8 kbps

c. 56 kbps