Community-Based Disaster Risk

Management (CBDM) - 220

Concepts of CBDM

Ir. Vincent Katonda

Lecturer in DRM
vkatonda@must.ac.mw
 Objective(s):
By the end of this lecture, you should be able:
• To define and understand the concept of community based disaster risk
management.
Understanding the concepts of Community Based Disaster Risk
Management
 Introduction
• As the name suggests (i.e. CBDM), much emphasis
will be on communities.

• A lot of CBDM definitions exists!!!

• So, what is CBDM??

 Cont…
• CBDRM is a participatory process.
• Active involvement of the communities thereby enhancing skills and
capacities and to build resilience.
• Research process involved
• Addresses local issues
• Community empowerment and ownership
Cont…
 In general, CBDM
• Can be defined as inclusive, active and owned community
driven processes aimed at addressing the drivers of disaster risk
creation; disaster risk reduction; and societal resilience building,
within the context of local and indigenous knowledge and
wisdom.
In general, CBDM
 Why CBDM???
What if there is no data?
• Data is often not available
• Data is often not reflecting the views/perceptions of local populations
Solution: work at local level:
• Community based disaster management
 Why CBDM???
• Nobody understands the local situation better than the local
communities themselves.
• Community is the first responder in any disaster.
• CBDRM brings together the many local communities and other
stakeholders for disaster risk management to expand its resource base.
• Sustainability of the CBDRM interventions as community is the key
actor as well as the primary beneficiary of the disaster risk
management process.
• It focuses to enhance capacities and resources of most vulnerable
groups and reduce their vulnerability.
• Different individuals, families and groups in the community have
different vulnerabilities and capacities.
 Elements of CBDM
• The existence of a local Disaster Risk Management Committee (DRMC) or
organization
• Community hazard, vulnerability and capacity/resources mapping
• A community Disaster Risk Management Plan
• Training in disaster risk management and community learning system(s)
• Regular community simulations and exercises
• Early warning system(s) and
• Community learning system
• A disaster risk reduction fund
 ELEMENTS AND ITS INDICATORS
DISASTER MANAGEMENT COMMITTEE (DMC)
• Leaders recognized
• Groups identified
• Group identified and role expanded
COMMUNITY DISASTER RISK REDUCTION FUND
• Indicators of effectiveness are as follows:
• Funding mechanism in place
• Funding mobilized by the DMC
• CBO operates the account
 ELEMENTS AND ITS INDICATORS
• COMMUNITY HAZARD, VULNERABILITY, CAPACITY MAP
• Local hazard maps completed.
• High Risk Vulnerable Groups identified
• High poverty levels identified and mapped
COMMUNITY DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT PLAN
• Income of target groups is increased due to reduction in and control over shocks
caused by disasters.
• Consumption of target groups on reproductive activities is increased; e.g.
purchase of livelihood equipment, machinery, raw materials (cows, buffalos,
boats, tractors)
 ELEMENTS AND ITS INDICATORS
DMC TRAINING SYSTEM
• Agencies exist to impart DRR training
• Funds allocated in local government budget - Report of the training
• Copy of the training manuals
COMMUNITY DRILL SYSTEM
• More cooperation exists at the family and community levels for mutual
assistance for disaster response; e.g. assistance to neighbors, evacuation, search
& rescue, lending money, sharing labor for re-construction, assistance to family
members in food storage, house level raising, evacuation, etc.
 ELEMENTS AND ITS INDICATORS
COMMUNITY LEARNING SYSTEM
• Target groups follow hazard resilient construction practices.
• Environment friendly practices are adopted by target group members.
• Target groups apply hazard resistant cropping practices.
COMMUNITY EARLY WARNING SYSTEM
• Early warning system exist and linked with appropriate warning authority.
• Community understands early warning message.
• Individuals, families and community members take appropriate precautionary
actions to avoid disaster impact.
 CBDRM Process
1. Selecting the community
2. Rapport building and the understanding of the community
3. Participatory Disaster Risk Assessment (hazard,
vulnerability (capacity assessment)
4. Community-based participatory disaster risk management
planning
5. Building and training a DRMC
6. Community-managed implementation
7. Monitoring and Evaluation
END