Curriculum BME - Gondor

Contents Page
1. Background.........................................................................................................................................3
2. Rationale of the program.....................................................................................................................3
3. Philosophy of the Program......................................................................................................................6
4. Vision, Mission and Values of the program.........................................................................................7
4.1. Vision...............................................................................................................................................7
4.2. Mission.............................................................................................................................................7
4.3. Values...............................................................................................................................................7
5. Aim of the program.............................................................................................................................8
6. Objectives of the program....................................................................................................................8
6.1 General Objectives............................................................................................................................8
6.2 Specific Objectives............................................................................................................................8
7. Graduate Profile.......................................................................................................................................8
8. Student Outcome….should be included as it gives clear direction which courses to include
8. Admission Requirements.........................................................................................................................9
xx. Course Numbering
xxx. Module Coding
9. Transfers and Withdrawals......................................................................................................................9
10. Mode of Delivery................................................................................................................................10
11. Duration of the study...........................................................................................................................10
12. Graduation Requirements....................................................................................................................10
13. Degree Nomenclature..........................................................................................................................10
14. Course Information..............................................................................................................................10
14.1. Program Structure.........................................................................................................................10
14.2. List of Courses..............................................................................................................................11
14.3. Course break down.......................................................................................................................17
14.5 Course Objectives and Course Contents........................................................................................77
14.6 Course Profile..............................................................................................................................255
14.7 Teaching Methods for Each Course.............................................................................................255
14.8 Teaching Materials......................................................................................................................255
14.9 Bibliography................................................................................................................................255
14.10. Course SyllabusDescription......................................................................................................255
15. Assessment Strategies........................................................................................................................256
15.1. Examination System...................................................................................................................256
15.2. Examination Pass-Fail Pathways................................................................................................257
15.3. Grading System and ECTS Grade Transfer................................................................................258
16. Resources...........................................................................................................................................260
16.1 Staff Profile.................................................................................................................................260
16.2 Infrastructure...............................................................................................................................260
17. Quality Assurance Mechanisms.........................................................................................................261
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18. Appendices........................................................................................................................................261
2
1. Background
In the modern-days, development of a country mainly depends on the development of the
industries. The development of these sectors significantly depends on the standard of technical
education nurtured by the universities and the technical institutes of the country. It is observed
that most of the developed countries maintain a strong relationship between the universities and
the industries. It is believed that the universities are the gateway of new technologies.
Universities develop new technologies and by co-operating with industries they implement these
technologies to raise the standard and effectiveness of the industry. Universities take the
responsibilities to provide technical human resources for the industries of any country.
The core Strategy of the new Biomedical Engineering Program is to pursue its vision and
mission to enhance its research, linkage with industry, hospitals, academic and scholarly
activities and become a center of excellence for its programs, thereby improving its eminence in
national and international rankings.
Since September, 2015, Biomedical engineering (BME) degree program is intended to be

launched in Gondar University under the institute of technology. And on July, 2016, the first
Curriculum draft is developed for the newly intended Biomedical Engineering degree program.
The program has a duration of 5-years and prepares graduates for careers as professional
engineers in such areas as Bioinstrumentation, medical imaging, Rehabilitation Engineering,
Hospital engineering and management and so on. The aim of the program is to fulfill the demand
of innovative, highly skilled, practically-oriented, entrepreneurial, and ethical human resources
in the various fields of Biomedical Engineering such as Biomechanics, Medical Imaging, and
Bioinstrumentation etc. The students will have options to further specialize in any of the three
basic divisions. A successful graduate of the program will not only be globally competent but
will also have an active and decisive role in the health care system of the country.
2. Rationale of the program

Ethiopia is putting in extensive effort to expand and improve the quality of health care. As a
result, increasing amounts of medical equipment are being deployed to the peripheries to
improve the diagnostic and treatment capabilities of primary health care units. The spread of
major equipmentsuch as x-ray machines, ultrasound units, and laboratory auto-analyzers is
reaching facilities below the referral hospital level, and the rate of such increase in equipment
deployment is commendably accelerating. Due to this our country requires an equivalently
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accelerating number of professional manpower, which have the capabilities to manage, maintain,
and design medical equipment.
However the assessment revealed that the rate of increase in the number these BME
professionals (Engineers) lags very far behind compared to the increased rate of equipment
deployment in different hospitals, public and private health centers, and private equipment
importers and distributers. Especially the capabilities to manage or maintain medical equipment
remain extremely weak. This weakness is particularly serious in the peripheral health sectors.
This implies that more contribution is required from other higher learning institutions to feel the
gap. Beyond the production of more man powers which can only engage in management and
maintenance of equipment, higher learning institutions also have to increase the production of
BM engineers who can engage in conducting a research and designing new medical equipments
which are suitable for the country. The need for managing and maintaining of medical equipment
is lagging far behind the deployment of medical equipments and this situation is becoming very
risky. Capital investment is being wasted while quality of care suffers. Thus, more initiatives are
required to develop our own long term solution to these problems. Gondar University is
dedicated to fill critical human resource gaps of the country by launching BME programs which
currently exists only at Addis Ababa and Jimma universities.
The established need assessment on the program aspire Gondar University to become the long term solution f
design, maintenance and management of medical equipment in the country through training biomedical eng
Needless to say, the design and management of medical equipment requires a wide range of technical abilities, a
cost and time required to train biomedical engineers increase markedly with the level of skill that must be att
Experience in many developing countries has revealed that training to a high level of skills is very expensive. Fi
shows a country’s inventory of medical equipment; height indicates the complexity (approximate order),
indicates quantity. The pyramid shape reflects that items of simple equipment greatly outnumber complex item
example, there are clearly more sterilizers than ultrasounds and X-ray machines. The maintenance of a wide ra
equipment requires a correspondingly wide range of technical skill levels; the cost and time required to
technicians increase dramatically with level of skills required.
4
Figure 1: Medical Equipment Inventory Pyramid (Cheng 1994, 1995)
In Figure 2, the inventory of equipment is divided into complexity categories A and B; line ob represents the c
time to train a basic technician to maintain the simple category B; line ba represents the cost or time required to
midlevel personnel to maintain category A. This graphical comparison suggests that at a much smaller cost, o
shorter time period (ob compared with ba), technicians can be trained to maintain a larger quantity of basic ess
medical equipment (B compared with A).
The pyramid model clearly shows the need to train mass of low-level technicians to maintain the relatively simp
large quantity of essential medical equipment commonly found in peripheral health facilities. This strategy req
less time, costs less, and delivers benefits to a larger population. However, the low number of institutions that
biomedical engineers at the bachelor level in our country hinders the training of large low-level technicians. S
launching BME program, Gonder University intends to produce more biomedical engineers that in turn train
low-level technicians at technical schools. Besides, the trained engineers could design, enhance innovative us
management of equipment, and serve to maintain the rare and complex instruments at research centers, centra
regional institutions.
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Figure 2: Training curve based on the complexity of equipment to be maintained (Cheng 1994, 1995)
3. Philosophy of the Program
The curriculum will include all the basic concepts underpinning the program, like a biomedical theory and pra
which the curriculum is based or a conceptual framework explaining the demand of the biomedical engineeri
B.Sc. program. The biomedical department have a genuine reason by pointing out the group or category stud
program will produce, how it intends to do it, what the students will do with the knowledge they acquire f
proposed program, whether they will be able to work independently or will be skilled to improve industrial perfo
who else other than the target group will get benefit from this program to what extent the program is respondin
needs of the community, to market issues and demands, to the availability of job opportunities, skills requi
capacity building, etc.
4. Vision, Mission and Values of the program
4.1. Vision
The program aspires to create a skills supermarket capable of world-class training education and service provis
fields of biomedical engineering health care technology management and play an important role in realizing
vision of technology follow up and healing the sick without pain, to become a center for advancement through se
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innovation in the fields of biomedical engineering sector and to enhance community service through excellent H
service provision.
4.2. Mission
To produce graduates who are technically competent and to apply knowledge in traditional and
modern biomedical application domains, possess a broad education and knowledge of contemporary
issues that enable graduates to anticipate change and continually update their skills, to communicate
and work with others effectively, and can accept the professional and ethical responsibilities to function
as a biomedical engineer in Ethiopia and the Horn/East Africa.
4.3. Values
In support of its vision and mission, Gondar University considers the following as its core
values:
 Academic Excellence: a commitment to the highest quality academic performance with respect to the trai
education services. We always seek for better ways of delivering high quality training and education.
 Teamwork: developing a working team with medical scientists that more or less speak with the same voice.
 Leadership: provision of direction and empowering staff.
 Transformational learning: inculcation of the spirit of self & community development, creativity and commi
lifelong learning.
5. Aim of the program

The B.Sc. program is aimed at alleviating the challenge of biomedical equipment issues and problems and
improving quality of health care in the country.Goals of the program are, training students to create j
themselves, making better contributions to the performance of enterprises and/or managing existing enterprise
6. Objectives of the program

The training program is aimed at alleviating the challenge of biomedical equipment maintenance and thereby im
quality of health care in the country.
6.1 General Objectives

 Produce high-level technical manpower that can participate in national health activity and clinical techno
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 Produce Biomedical engineers who can design, develop, install, operate, and maintain biomedical equipme
thereby improve health care system in the country.
 Prepare graduates to be able to orient medical staff in the proper utilization and preventive maintena
biomedical equipment
 Create graduates capable to carry out research in the areas of biomedical engineering relevant to the ne
the country.
6.2 Specific Objectives

 Produce people who can train biomedical technicians.
 Engage students in research that offers optimal solutions to technical problems in the health care syste
industries.
 Prepare graduates that have the capability of following current and future developments in the field and r
applications.
 Enable graduates to work as a team in addressing technical problems which may be encountered in re
and within the health care system.
 Provide graduates with sufficient background to undertake postgraduate training in any one of the v
specialized areas of biomedical discipline.
7. Graduate Profile
Biomedical Engineering integrates physical, chemical, mathematical, and computational sciences and engin
principles to study biology, medicine, behavior, and health. It advances fundamental concepts, creates knowledg
the molecular to the organ systems levels, and develops innovative biologics, materials, processes, implants, de
and informatics approaches for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of disease, for patient rehabilitation, a
improving health. (National Institute of Health, United States, 1997).
Biomedical engineering can broadly be defined as the application of engineering concepts and techniques to me
and biology (under biology cells, tissues and organs are understood). A biomedical engineer is therefore, a perso
is professionally and academically qualified to design, develop, test, and maintain biomedical equipment.
Upon completion of the training program the graduate will have acquired the knowledge and skills to be able to:
1. Ability to apply knowledge of mathematics, computing, sciences, biomedical sciences and engineering
2. Identify, formulate, and solve biomedical engineering problems
3. Understand and analyze biomedical devices
4. Demonstrate technical skills to maintain functioning medical devices
5. Identify biomedical engineering design challenges to improve the quality of life of local
community
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6. Design, develop and adapt locally-appropriate biomedical devices
7. Lead the medical equipment management cycle
8. Function effectively on multidisciplinary teams
9. Communicate effectively
10. Demonstrate ethical and professional responsibility
11. An ability to engage in life-long learning
8. Admission Requirements
Admission at freshman level to all undergraduate full-time studies is processed and granted by the Office o
Registrar. Students who join Gondar University, Institute of Technology further study for one semester as pre-engine
students. In this assessment semester they are more prepared academically as well as psychologically for Univ
education and life. They take basic science, mathematics, and fundamental engineering courses with some humanit
social science courses. At the end of the semester, these students take examinations on all subjects.
Any students who have successfully completed the first semester of the first year have the privilege of joinin
Biomedical Engineering Program. The department may set further criteria, if necessary, if the number of students wi
to join doesn’t match with the department’s capacity.
9.Transfers and Withdrawals

The curriculum allows transfers of students from another university to this university and vice versa, withdraw
students from a course of study, and waiving of a course with or without substituting it with another course b
department. The procedure in such cases shall be referred to the registrar’s office and will be worked out accordi
the senate legislation of UOG.
10. Mode of Delivery

Mode of delivery will be clearly and separately indicated for regular programs and that the breakdown of the
course breakdown shall be in harmony with the modes of delivery. This will also help to assess the ov
programming of the teaching-learning process.
11. Duration of the study

The newly developed Biomedical Engineering degree program is a 5-year program, including industry inter
semester, which prepares graduates for careers as professional engineers in such areas as Bioinstrumentation, me
imaging, Rehabilitation Engineering, Hospital engineering and management and so on.
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12. Graduation Requirements
1. All the required courses and the minimum credit hours set by the department should be satisfied.
2. A cumulative grade point average (CGPA) of 2.00 must be obtained.
3. Completion of an independent research project
4. Other graduation requirements as set by the Registrar of the University.
13. Degree Nomenclature

After successful completion of both theoretical and practical courses, the graduates will beawarded de
Bachelor of Science (BSc) in Biomedical Engineering (“የሳይንስባችለርዲግሪበባዮሜዲካልምህንድስና“) under G
University Institute of Technology.
14. Course Information

14.1. Program Structure
The total ECTS requirement for graduation in this Biomedical engineering degree program is
302ECTS of which the 86ECTS of them are general education or support courses, the 71ECTS
of them are Basic electrical engineering courses, the 12ECTS of them are basic medical science
courses, 128ECTS of them are core Biomedical engineering courses, and last 5ECTS of them is
an elective courses from the given 5 alternative courses. The categories are summarized in the
following table.
Category ECTS Percent
General education and supportive courses 79 24.23
Basic Electrical Engineering courses 67 20.55
Basic Medical science courses 13 3.99
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Core Biomedical Engineering courses 133 40.80
Elective 34 10.43
Total 326 100
14.2. List of ModulesCourses

The courses are classified into 28 five categories of modules sets. The five categories of module
sets are:
 Set 1:- General Education/support modules
 Set 2:- Basic electrical engineering modules
 Set 3:-Basic Medical science module
 Set 4:- Core biomedical engineering modules
 Set 5:- Elective module
1) General Education/support module set category
Course code Course title ECTS Lec. Tut. Lab. Home

study
EnLa1011 Communication English 5 2 3 - 3
EnLa2012 Basic Writing Skills 5 2 3 - 3
CvEt1021 Civics and Ethical Education 5 3 1 - 4
Phill1022 Logic and reasoning skill 3 2 1 - 2
Math1031 Applied Mathematics I 6 3 3 - 4
Math1032 Applied Mathematics II 6 3 3 - 4
11
CEng1041 Engineering Mechanics I (Statics) 5 2 3 - 3
MEng1042 Engineering Mechanics II (Dynamics) 5 2 3 - 3
GEng1051 Introduction to Engineering Profession 2 1 - - 2
MEng1052 Engineering Drawing 5 2 - 3 3
MEng1053 Mechanical Workshop 2 - - 3 1
Math2061 Applied Mathematics III 6 3 3 - 4
ECEG2062 Probability and Statistics 5 3 2 - 3
ECEG2063 Computational Methods 6 3 - 3 4
MEng3071 Engineering Thermodynamics 4 3 - - 4
BMEG4081 Research methods and presentation 3 2 - - 3
IEng5102 Engineering Entrepreneurship 4 2 2 - 3
BMEG-5181
Engineering and Medical Ethics 2 1 - - 2
79 39 27 9 55
Total
2) Basic electrical engineering module set category
Course Course title ECTS Lec. Tut. Lab. Home

code study
ECEG1111 Fundamentals of Electricity and 7 2 3 3 4

circuit theory
ECEG2112 Electrical workshop practice 2 - - 3 1
12
ECEG2121 Applied electronics I 7 2 3 3 4
ECEG2122 Applied electronics II 7 2 3 3 4
ECEG3131 Introduction to Electrical machines 7 2 3 3 4
ECEG4132 Digital signal processing 6 2 2 3 3
ECEG4141 Introduction to control systems 4 2 2 - 3
ECEG2151 Introduction to computer 5 2 - 3 3

Programming
ECEG3152 Digital logic design 6 2 2 3 3
ECEG3153 Object oriented programming 5 2 - 3 3
ECEG4155 Data Communication and Networking 5 3 2 - 3
ECEG5156 Microprocessor and interfacing 6 2 2 3 3
Total 67 23 22 30 38
3) Basic Medical science module
Course
code Course title ECTS Lec. Tut. Lab. Home
study
ANAT2161 Human Anatomy 4 3 1 - 4
PHYL2162 Human Physiology 4 3 - 1 4
13
BIOC2163 Cell Biology and Biochemistry 5 3 2 - 4
Introduction to Organic Chemistry

Total 13 9 3 1 12
4) Core biomedical engineering module set category
Course code Course title ECTS Lec. Tut. Lab. Home
BMEG1171 Introduction to biomedical 5 3 2 - 4

Engineering
BMEG2181 Bio-physics 5 3 2 - 3
BMEG3182 Medical Radiation Physics 4 3 - - 4
BMEG3183 Bio-optics 4 2 2 - 3
BMEG3191 Bio fluid Mechanics 4 3 - - 4
BMEG3192 Biomechanics 4 3 - - 4
BMEG4193 Biomaterials 4 3 - - 4
BMEG3201 Principles of therapeutic and 6 2 2 3 3

diagnostic devices
Health care technology management and

BMEG4202 economics 5 3 2 - 3
BMEG3211 Signals and systems analysis 6 3 3 - 4
BMEG3212 Biomedical signal processing 7 2 3 3 4
14
BMEG4213 Digital image processing 7 2 3 3 4
BMEG3221 Biomedical instrumentation I 5 2 3 4
BMEG3222 Biomedical instrumentation labI 2 - - 2 -

BMEG3223 Biomedical instrumentation II 5 2 3 - 4
BMEG3242 Biomedical instrumentation lab II 2 - - 2 -

BMEG4231 Biomedical imaging and sensing 4 3 - - 4
Systems
BMEG4241 Biomedical systems designing and 3 - 1 4 3

Prototyping
BMEG5222 Advanced laboratory equipment 5 2 2 - 3
BMEG4251 Semester project 4 - - 5 3
BMEG5261 Industry Internship 30 - 20 - 30
BMEG5271 B.Sc. Thesis 12 - - 18 2
Total 133 41 48 40 97
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5) Elective A
La
Course code Course title ECTS Lec Tut. b Home
BMEG5281 Mathematical modeling for 5 2 3 - 3

Biomedical engineering applications.
BMEG5282 Advanced medical image processing 5 2 3 - 3
ECEG4154 Computer arthecture and organization 4 3 - - 4
ECEG5323 Data base management system 5 2 3 - 3
Total 19 9 9 - 13
Elective B
La
Course code Course title ECTS Lec Tut. b Home
BMEG5285 Medical Informatics and expert 5 2 3 - 3

System
BMEG 5233 Advanced radiotherapy 5 2 3 - 3
BMEG5283 Artificial organs and Rehabilitation 5 2 3 - 3

Engineering
Total 15 6 9 - 9
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14.3. Course break down
First Year, First semester
Course Home
Course Title ECTS Lec. Tut. Lab
Code Study
GEng1051 Introduction to Engineering Profession 2 1 - - 2
CvEt1021 Civics and Ethical Education 5 3 1 - 4
EnLa1011 Communicative English 5 2 3 - 3
Math1031 Applied Mathematics I 6 3 3 - 4
CEng1041 Engineering Mechanics-I (Statics) 5 2 3 - 3
MEng1052 Engineering Drawing 5 2 - 3 3
Total 28 13 10 3 19
17
First Year, Second semester
Course Home
Code Study
Fundamentals of Electricity and circuit

ECEG1111 theory 7 2 3 3 4
18
Phil1022 Logic and reasoning skill 3 2 1 - 2
Introduction to computer
ECEG2151 programming 5 2 - 3 3
Math1032 Applied mathematics II 6 3 3 - 4
MEng1042 Engineering mechanics II(Dynamics) 5 2 3 - 3
Introduction to biomedical
BMEG1171 engineering 5 3 2 - 4
MEng1053 Mechanical Workshop 2 - - 3 1
Total 33 15 12 6 22
19
Second Year, First semester
Course Home
Code Study
EnLa2012 Basic writing skill 5 2 3 - 3
Object oriented programming and

ECEG3153 Data Structure 5 2 - 3 3
Math2061 Applied mathematics III 6 3 3 - 4
ECEG2121 Applied Electronics I 7 2 3 3 4
Anat2161 Human Anatomy 4 3 - - 4
Phsyl2162 Human physiology 4 3 - - 4
Total 31 15 9 6 22
Second Year, Second semester
Course Home
Code Study
BIOC 2163 Cell Biology and Biochemistry 4 3 - - 4
ECEG2122 Applied Electronics II 7 2 3 3 4
ECEG2112 Electrical workshop practice 2 - - 3 1
20
ECEG2062 Probability and Stastics 5 3 2 - 3
ECEG2063 Computational methods 6 3 - 3 4
BMEG2181 Bio-physics
Principles of therapeutic and 5 3 2 - 3
BMEG3201 6 2 2 3 3
diagnostic devices
Total 29 14 7 9 19
Total 32 13 8 12 23
Third Year, First semester
Course Home
Code Study
BMEG3211 Signal and system Analysis 6 3 3 - 4
MEng3071 Engineering Thermodynamics 4 3 - - 4
BMEG3191 Bio fluid Mechanics 4 3 - - 4
BMEG3221 Biomedical instrumentation I 5 3 2 - 4

BMEG3151 Biomedical instrumentation lab I 2 - - 3 3
BMEG3182 Medical Radiation Physics 4 3 - - 4
ECEG3131 Introduction to Electrical machines 7 2 3 3 4
Total 32 16 9 6 27
Fourth year, first

semester
Course Home
Code Study
BMEG4193 Biomaterials 4 3 - - 4
Third Year, Second semester

BMEG4231 Biomedical imaging 4 3 - - 4
and sensing
Course 21 Home
devices
Biomedical signal
BMEG3212 processing 7 2 3 3 4
BMEG5201 Hospital Engineering 6 2 2 3 3
Introduction to
ECEG4141 control systems 4 2 2 - 3
Biomedical system
designing and
BMEG4241 3 - 1 4 3
prototyping
Total 28 12 8 10 21
22
Fourth Year, Second semester
Course code Course title ECTS Lec. Tut. Lab. Home study
BMEG5261 Industry 30 - 20 - 30
Internship
Total 30 - 20 - 30
Fifth Year, First semester
Course Home
Code Study
Healthcare technology management and

BMEG4202 Economics 5 3 2 - 3
BMEG4213 Digital image processing 7 2 3 3 4
5 2 3 - 3
Elective Elective A
ECEG4155 Data communication and networking 5 3 2 - 3
BMEG Engineering and Medical Ethics 2 1 - - 2

BMEG4251 Semester project 4 - - 5 3
BMEG4081 Research methods and presentation 3 2 - - 3

Total 31 13 10 8 21
23
Fifth Year, Second semester
Course Home
Code Study
BMEG5222 Advanced Laboratory Equipment 5 2 3 - 3

IEng5102 Engineering Entrepreneurship 4 2 2 - 3
Elective Elective B 5 2 3 - 3
ECEG5156 Microprocessor and interfacing 6 2 2 3 3
BMEG5271 BSC thesis 12 - - 18 2
Total 32 8 10 21 14
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14.4 Course Description
Gondar University
Institute of Technology
Biomedical Engineering program
Module number 01
Module name Basic English Skill
Module code EnLa-M1011
Module category General
Mode of delivery Semester based
Module description The module focuses on enhancing students’ language
competencies. The first course comprehensively presents
students with the opportunity to develop their language skills
(Listening, Speaking, Reading, Writing, Vocabulary and
Grammar). The course focuses on the development of
communication skills of the students both in academic and non-
academic contexts. As a result, it has a big contribution to the
success of students in their other university courses. The second
course entirely focuses on developing the students’ writing
skill in both academic and non-academic contexts. Both
courses must be given on semester basis as the development of
the skills that the courses provide is enhanced with the
extension of the period at least to the extent that the students
can associate the courses with other courses
Module objectives Students shall develop understand and use different skills and
strategies to read, understand the meaning of what is read and
reading different materials for a variety of purposes. Write
clearly and effectively and understand and use the steps of the
writing process, analyze and evaluate the effectiveness of
written work, analyze and evaluate the effectiveness of formal
and informal communication, communicate ideas clearly and
effectively. The develop oral presentation and public speech
skills and Report writing skills
25
Module competencies By the end of the module, students will be able to:

Involve in various communicative contexts

Read and comprehend texts with ease

Differentiate and use oral and written discourses

Listen and comprehend to conversations in English

Write different units of writing both in academic and
non-academic contexts
Total ECTS 10
Module learning and teaching Lecture, Tutorial, Assignment and Home study etc.
methods
Module assessment Assignments, quizzes, and final exam
techniques
Courses of the module
Course code Course name ECTS
EnLa1011 Communication English 5
EnLa1012 Basic Writing Skills 5
Gondar University
Module number 02
Module name Reasoning skill and civics
Module code CESt-M1021
Mode of delivery Semester based/parallel based
Module description This module teaches students about the responsibilities and
duties of a good citizen and encourages them to participate
in the development of a democratic society. Students will
also learn the skills to construct sound arguments, and
evaluate the arguments of others in a logical way.
Module objectives This module has the following main objectives:
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 Enable the students to know the responsibilities and duties
of a good citizen, such that their participation in the
development of democratic society becomes effective.
 Enable students to develop the skills required to construct
sound arguments of their own and the ability to critically
evaluate the arguments of others and there by errors are
easily detected
Module competencies Upon completion of the course, student should be able to :
 Execute the responsibilities and duties of a good citizen
 Participate in the development of the democratic society
 Construct sound arguments
 Critically evaluate the arguments of others
Total ECTS 8
methods
Module assessment Assignments, quizzes, and exam.
techniques
CvEt1021 Civics and Ethical Education 5
Phill1022 Logic and reasoning Skill 3
Gondar University
Module number 03
Module name Applied Engineering Mathematics
Module code Math-M1031
Module category General Education
Mode of delivery Semester Based
Module description In the field of engineering mathematics is the basis for solving,
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analyzing and simulating various practical problems. So the
engineering students from every branch must be given a
thorough knowledge in mathematics during their course of
education.
Module objectives This module enables the students to have thorough knowledge
in basic mathematical techniques like calculus, vector algebra,
computational mathematics and also concepts related to
probability and statistic. Upon completion of this module the
students will be capable of applying mathematical techniques
to Biomedical engineering problems.
Module competencies Upon completion of this module, students should be able to:
 Apply mathematical techniques in calculus, vector
algebra, computational mathematics, probability and
statistics to solve problems in Biomedical Engineering.
Total ECTS 12
methods
Module assessment Assignments, Quizzes, and Exams.
techniques
Math1031 Applied Mathematics I 6
Math1032 Applied Mathematics II 6
28
Gondar University
Module number 04
Module name Engineering Mechanics
Module code GEng-M1041
Module description Engineering is an application of pure sciences. Biomedical
Engineering applies mathematical and computational
principles for the design, analysis and modeling of Biomedical
Systems, thus, requires a basic understanding of basic
principles of Science and Mathematics.
This module will enable students to attain good capability in:
 Defining and solving problems,
 Evaluating information critically,
 Designing creative solutions to problems,
 Applying scientific and mathematical principles.
Module objectives The objective of this module is to introduce students:
 To basic mechanical engineering concepts of statics and
dynamics
 To basic principles that govern motion of objects
 To mathematical models that represent physical systems
Module competencies At the end of this module students will be able to:
 Understand and apply basic principles that govern the
motion of objects
 Develop appropriate mathematical models that represent
physical systems
Total ECTS 10
methods
Module assessment Assignments, quizzes, and Final exam
techniques
29
CEng1041 Engineering Mechanics I(Statics) 5
MEng1042 Engineering Mechanics II(Dynamics) 5
Gondar University
Module number 05
Module name Basic Engineering Skill
Module code GEng-M1051
30
Module description This module contains: Interrelations and distinction among
engineering, science and technology; qualifications and duties
& responsibilities of technicians, technologists and engineers
(carrier structures and levels);engineering professional ethics
and moral issues, basic engineering drawing skills; basics of
mechanical workshop practice , common terminologies used in
mechanical workshop labs, steps, tools and technical
approaches involved in simple equipment design.
Module objectives At the end of this module, students will be able to:

Get familiarized with basics of engineering

Introduce with various disciplines in the area.

Understand ethics of engineering

Get familiarized with basics of engineering drawing

Get familiarized with basics of mechanical workshop
practice
Module competencies At the end of the module students will able to:
 Differentiate interrelations and distinction among different
engineering disciplines.
 Read 1D,2D and 3D of technical objects
 Draw 1D,2D and 3D of technical objects.
 Get familiarized with basics of mechanical workshop
practice
Total ECTS 9
Module learning and teaching Lecture, Tutorial, Laboratory activities, Assignment and
methods Home study etc.
Module assessment Assignments, quizzes, projects, and Final exam
techniques
GEng1051 Introduction to Engineering Profession 2
31
MEng1052 Engineering Drawing 5
MEng1053 Mechanical Workshop 2
Gondar University
Module number 06
Module name Intermediate mathematics and computing
Module code ECEG-M2061
Module category General Education
Mode of delivery Semester Based/Parallel based
Module description Students will learn and understand advanced mathematics
techniques and be able to plan, analyze, and write computer
32
programs for numerical methods and basic engineering
applications.
Module objectives  Used to develop a solid understanding of the advanced
mathematical methods which are very useful for research
and engineering problem solving.
 To explain mathematics as a special way of cognizing the
world, knowledge of the basic concepts and methods of the
theory of probability and mathematical stochastic and
master sufficiently the mathematical apparatus and
applying it for solving concrete physical problems.
 To understand advanced mathematics techniques and be
able to plan, analyze, and write computer programs for
numerical methods and basic engineering applications.
Module competencies After the completion of this module, the student will be able to
understand, model, process and compute real world Electrical
Engineering problems.
Total ECTS 17
Module learning and teaching Lecture supported by tutorials, laboratory activities, and
methods paperwork
Module assessment Exam, quizzes, assignments, paperwork and lab reports
techniques
Math2061 Applied Engineering Mathematic III 6
ECEG2062 Probability and Random Process 5
ECEG2063 Computational Methods 6
33
Gondar University
Module number 07
Module name Thermodynamics
Module code MEng-M3071
Mode of delivery Semester Based
Module description Basic concepts of thermodynamics: temperature, work, heat,
internal energy and enthalpy; First law of thermodynamics for
closed and steady-flow open systems; Thermodynamic
properties of pure substances; changes of phase; equation of
state; Second law of thermodynamics: Concept of entropy.
Simple power and refrigeration cycles; Introduction to heat
transfer: conduction, convection and radiation
34
Module objectives To teach students about the basic concepts of Engineering
thermodynamics
Module competencies At the end of this module students should have to fully
understand the basic concepts of Engineering thermodynamics.
Total ECTS 4
Module learning and teaching Lectures, paperwork and home study
methods
Module assessment Tests, quizzes, assignments and final exam
techniques
MEng3071 Engineering Thermodynamics 4
Gondar University
Module number 08
Module name Research methods and presentation
Module code BMEG-M4081
Module description Students will learn and understand general concepts related to
conducting a research, Identifying the research problem,
method of data collection and sampling, and presentation
techniques.
Module objectives At the end of this module, students will be able to:
 Pay attention to designing and adhering to the appropriate
methodology throughout improving the quality of research
 Be familiar with the art of using different research
methods and techniques
Module competencies As the field of engineering is concerned with problem solving,
35
following up acceptable methodology is essential, though there
is no absolute methodology.
Total ECTS 3
Module learning and teaching Lectures, paperwork and assignments.
methods
Module assessment Quizzes, Projects, and final exam.
techniques
BMEG4081 Research methods and presentation 3
Gondar University
36
Gondar University
Module number 10
Module name Entrepreneurship and Managerial skills
Module code IEng-M5101
Module description This module covers:
37
 Understanding of basic managerial principles
 The basic concept of time value of money and methods

for alternative and investment evaluation
 Strategies employed in effective engineering decisions as

related to the designing, planning and implementation of
successful projects;
 The methods on project planning and controlling.
 Broad understanding of the field of entrepreneurship

development, and commercialization of technology-based
innovation in existing firms; and the formation,
development, and growth of technology-based new
enterprises
Module objectives The objectives of this module are to:


Introduce students with basic management principle
 Introduce students with the field of entrepreneurship
development, and commercialization of technology-based
innovation

Make the students acquire the necessary managerial skills
in the context of demand driven industrial development
 Highlight the need to maintain economic viability of
products and systems for affordability
 Equip students with effective project management
principles and techniques
Module competencies After completing this Module, students will be able to:
 Apply basic managerial principles in real situations
 Demonstrate proficiency in project management, economic
analysis, and life cycle costing for making sound decision
 Capable in conducting analysis and decision making for
alternative selection or investment evaluation using
economic criteria
Total ECTS 9
Module learning and teaching Lectures, tutorials and projects
methods
Module assessment Tests, quizzes, assignments and final exam
techniques
IEng5102 Engineering Entrepreneurship 30
38
Gondar University
Module number 11
39
Module name Basics of electrical engineering
Module category Basic Electrical Engineering
Mode of delivery Semester Based /parallel based
Module description This module contains: basic electromagnetic phenomena
,circuit variables and parameters, fundamental and derived
circuit laws and theorems to the analysis of dc and steady state
poly-phase circuits, electrical instruments for practical
measurements, measurement of dynamic circuit parameters
and Simple wiring and designing of lighting systems.
Module objectives At the end of the module students will able to:

Understand basic electrical engineering concepts and
practices

Get familiarized with different lab equipment

Wire and design simple electrical lighting systems

Measure electrical quantities using instruments

Understand and apply safety rules
Module competencies At the end of the module, the student will be able to:
 Understand the basic language of electrical engineering
including theoretical and practical hands-on exercises;
 Apply this basic electrical engineering knowledge to help
them deal with electrical/electronic biomedical circuits and
systems design and development.
Total ECTS 9
Module learning and teaching Lecture, Tutorial, Laboratory Activities, term Papers, Project
methods work, Presentation ,Assignment and Home study etc.
Module assessment Assignments, Quizzes, Lab Reports and Exams.
techniques
40
ECEG1111 Fundamentals of Electricity and circuit theory 6
ECEG2112 Electrical workshop practice 5

Gondar University
Module number 12
Module name Applied electronics
Module category Basics of electrical engineering
Module description This module contains: basic concepts of electronic circuits,
sample applications and design guidelines of electronic
circuits, advanced electronic circuits and their application,
41
simulation of electronic circuits using application packages,
basic digital system components and their design.
Module objectives This module enables students to

understand concepts of electronics devices,

get familiarized with characteristics and applications of
electronic circuits.

Use techniques of circuit design to develop electronic
systems
Module competencies At the end of the module students will able to:
 Design and maintain Analogue Electronics Circuits and
 Understand digital components
Total ECTS 14
Module learning and teaching Lecture, Tutorial, Laboratory Activities, Project work,
methods Presentation ,Assignment
Module assessment Assignments, Quizzes, Lab activities and Final Exam
techniques
ECEG2121 Applied electronics I 7
EEEng2122 Applied electronics II 7
Gondar University
Module number 13
Module name Introduction to machine and power system
Module category Basics of Electrical Engineering
42
Module description This module aims to impart two basic concepts of electrical
systems. The first part deals about the basic concepts that are
related to electrical machines. This includes the basic concepts
of:
 Electromagnetic circuits as they relate to voltages, currents,
and physical forces induced in conductors
 Principles of operation & construction of transformer,
induction machines, D.C. machines, and synchronous
machines.
 Analytical models for transformers and electrical rotating
machines and the use of such models to analyze power
requirements, power capability, efficiency and operating
characteristics.
43
The second part of this module introduces the fundamental of
power systems. It includes the basic concepts of:
 AC and DC transmission, and single-phase and three-phase

transmission,
 Complex power, structure of a power system, and
introduction to power transformers,
 Representation of power system components, transmission
line parameters, mechanical design of transmission lines,
characteristic and performance of power transmission lines,
disruptive critical voltage, corona, overhead line insulators,
underground cables.
 Fault analysis, Power system transients, Power system
stability, Load flow studies, HVDC transmission
Module objectives  To understand and obtain equivalent circuit of electrical
machines
 Understand and Perform no load and full load tests on
transformers and induction motor.
 Be able to understand, analyze and test speed versus torque
characteristics
 To learn and understand the analytical techniques of fault
analysis and stability analysis.
 To understand and analyze power system transients.
 To provide comprehensive coverage of load flow studies
 To learn and analyze HVDC transmission
Module competencies  Understand fundamentals of electrical machines.
 Perform different kinds of tests on various types of
transformers, motors, and generators.
 Understand fundamentals of power systems,
 Be able to analyse power system transients, surge
phenomenon, generation of switching over-voltages on
transmission lines, Power system stability, Load flow
44
studies, economic load dispatch, optimal operation of
generators on a bus-bar, HVDC transmission, principle of
AC/DC conversion.
Total ECTS 13
Module learning and teaching Lecture, Tutorial, Laboratory Activities, Project work,
methods Presentation ,Assignment
Module assessment Assignments, Quizzes, Lab activities and Final Exam
techniques
ECEG3131 Introduction to Electrical machines 7
45
Gondar University
Module number 14
Module name Control Engineering
Module category Basics of electrical Engineering
Module description Introduction to the linear feedback control; Modeling and
representation of Control Systems: Review of Differential/
Difference Equations and Laplace/Z transform, and transfer
function of control systems and system elements, impulse
response of linear systems, block diagrams, signal flow graphs;
Time domain analysis of Control Systems: Performance
Characteristics of feedback control systems, robustness, the
characteristic equation and transient response; Frequency
domain analysis: Polar plot, bode plot, magnitude versus phase
plot, relation between plots, Stability of linear control systems
(Routh-Hurwitz Criterion, Nyquist Criterion, Stability of
discrete data control systems), Frequency response of feedback
control systems (Control specification in frequency domain,
Relative stability, Nichols chart); Root-locus Methods; Design
of Controllers: Root locus method: Phase-lead compensation,
phase-lag compensation, lead-lag compensation. Frequency
response method: Phase-lead compensation, phase-lag
compensation, lead-lag compensation; Control System
Components
Module objectives This module is intended to enable students
 To get familiarize with the basic concepts of control
systems
 To apply the basic control engineering principles and
design concepts to a given biomedical systems
46
 To understand and design the controlling mechanisms of
biomedical systems
Module competencies At the completion of this module students should
 Know the basic concepts of control systems
 Apply the basic control engineering principles and design
concepts to a given biomedical systems
 Understand and design the controlling mechanisms of
biomedical systems
Total ECTS 4
Module learning and teaching Lecture supported by tutorial, and assignment
methods
Module assessment Continuous assessment with graded assignments, tests, and
techniques projects (50%) and final examination (50%)
47
ECEG4141 Introduction to control systems 4
Gondar University
Module number 15
Module name Computer engineering
Module category Basics of electrical engineering
Module description This module contains basic courses in hardware and software
perspectives of a computer system. The module focuses on
introducing modern computer systems by drilling deep down
into digital systems and will help to gain knowledge in
developing applications using object oriented programming
technique. The module is also designed to impart in-depth
knowledge in the design, programming and organization of
microcomputers and interfacing circuits. This involves the
study of interfacing peripheral chips (Programming and
Signals). It covers the popular Intel μP 8086, which would be a
stepping-stone for learning the X86 families of
microprocessors. The module also introduces students to
networking concepts, technologies and terminologies also
provide basic computer communication and networking.
Module objectives This course is intended to enable students to
 Apply a range of software engineering techniques to
develop large software systems
 Have a working knowledge of the basic constructs of all
computer programming languages,
 Understand how constructs are used to support
programming under various programming paradigms.
48
 Understand the computer hardware principles
 Acquaint students with knowledge and realization of the
various logic gates
 Design Combinational and Sequential Systems
 Understand architecture and organization of a computer
system and its components
 Design and simulate a basic computer system
 Design object oriented application and system programs
 Understand microcomputer architectures
 Design microcomputer based applications
 Program various microcomputers
49
 Interface microcomputers to PCs and various peripheral
devices
 Understand various assembly languages
 Understand networking concepts, technologies and
terminologies.
 Get basics of data communication and networking
knowledge
 Understand the various data communication protocols and
security employed in each
 Know how to implement networking security
Module competencies At the completion of this module, students will be able to

Design, develop and test digital system

Develop applications running on top of the developed
systems.

Understand the various types of computer architectures and
design another as necessary.


Developing applications using Assembly/C/C++ Language
Programming and to design simple or complex systems

using the Intel family of microprocessors.

Writing efficient programs for data transfer between
heterogeneous environments.

Developing software for interfacing various peripherals to
PC.
Total ECTS 31
Module learning and teaching Lectures supported by tutorial, paperwork and laboratory, and
methods laboratory activities
Module assessment Quizzes, projects, paper works, Laboratory activities, and final
techniques Exam
ECEG2151 Introduction to computer Programming 5
50
ECEG3152 Digital Logic Design 6
ECEG3153 Object Oriented Programming 5
ECEG4154 Computer Architectures and Organization 4
ECEG4155 Data Communication and Computer 5
Networks
ECEG5156 Microprocessor and Interfacing 6
Gondar University
Module number 16
Module name Basic Medical Science
Module code Med-M2163
51
Module category Basic Medical science
Module description At the end of the module, the student will be able to get
knowledge and understand terminologies o f the basic
medical sciences including human anatomy, human
physiology, a n d bio-chemistry.
Module objectives The objective of this module is to teach students the basic
knowledge’s of medical sciences.
Module competencies At the end of these module students have to fully understand
the basic medical sciences including human anatomy,
human physiology, a n d bio-chemistry.
Total ECTS 12
Module learning and teaching Lecture supported by assignments, presentations and lab
methods demonstrations;
techniques Projects (50%) and final examination (50%)
Anat2161 Human anatomy 4
Physl2162 Human Physiology 4
Chem2163 Fundamentals of Biochemistry 4
Gondar University
Module number 17
Module name Introduction to Biomedical Engineering
52
Module category Core Biomedical engineering
Module description The module “Introduction to Biomedical Engineering ” enables
students to understand the history of Biomedical engineering
and some core Biomedical Engineering areas such as
Biomechanics , Bioinstrumentation ,Imaging , Bioinformatics;
Telemedicine.
Module objectives During the courses of this module the student will understand
 The major role that advances in medical technology have
played in the establishment of the modern health care
system.
 The application of engineering kinematic relations to
biomechanical problems.
53
 Understand the role played by rehabilitation engineers and
assistive technologists in the rehabilitation process.
 The components of a basic instrumentation system.
 Principle of medical imaging modalities
Module competencies  Explain how biomechanics applied to human gait is used to
quantify pathological conditions
 Be aware of the major activities in rehabilitation
engineering.
 Describe the components of a basic instrumentation
system.
 Describe the different classifications of biomedical sensors.
 Describe how blood gases and blood pH are measured.
 Compare major imaging modalities.
 Explain about telemedicine and its application
Total ECTS 5
BMEG1171 Introduction to Biomedical Engineering 5
Gondar University
Module number 18
Module name Basic Biomedical Science
54
Module category Core biomedical engineering
Module description This module introduces the basic knowledge’s of biomedical
science disciplines that includes bio physics, bio optics and
medical radiation physics.
Module objectives To understand the basic knowledge of basic biomedical science
Disciplines
Module competencies At the end of the module, the student will be familiar to the
concepts of basic biomedical science disciplines covering the
most relevant areas of specializing.
Total ECTS 13
55
BMEG2181 Bio-physics 5
BMEG3182 Medical Radiation Physics 4
BMEG3183 Bio-optics 4
Gondar University
Module number 19
Module name Mechanics and biomaterials
Module description To understand concepts, principles, laws, observations and
models of fluids at rest and in motion. Provides a basis for
understanding biological fluid behavior for engineering
design and control of fluid systems. Biomechanics includes
the study of motion, material deformation, and flow within
the body and in devices, and transport of chemical
constituents across biological and synthetic media and
membranes and their properties primarily focusing at the
tissue level. Biomaterials, particularly novel polymeric
materials, are essential to the goals of tissue engineering, and
also include the development of materials for controlled drug
delivery and other biomedical application.
This module enable students to understand:
Module objectives To focus on the fundamental mechanical properties of bones
56
and tissues and on how loads are supported by the skeleton and
by the muscles. And studying about some basic fluid-
mechanical systems in the human body.
Module competencies  Enables the student to know what levels of fluid pressure
are present in the human body, What parameters govern the
flow of blood in arteries and veins and How can fluid-
dynamics performances of the muscle can be measured?
 Using the principles of materials science and engineering,
students can design an appropriate biomaterial device for
particular engineering applications, using specified design
criteria.
Total ECTS 12
57
Module learning and teaching Lecture supported by assignments, and presentations
methods
BMEG3191 Bio fluid Mechanics 4
BMEG3192 Biomechanics 4
BMEG4193 Biomaterials 4
Gondar University
Module number 20
Module name Therapeutic devices and health care technology
Management
Mode of delivery Semester based/parallel
Module description This module has two parts. The first part is deals about the
working principles, designing concepts and troubleshooting
phenomena’s of various therapeutic and diagnostic devices
such as ECG, imaging systems, defbrilirators, anesthesia
machines, dialysis machines, heart lung machines, ventilators,
sucking machines, laboratory equipments, etc. The second part
of this introduces the basic concepts about the skills and
knowledge’s of medical equipment management techniques
which includes equipment life cycle planning, inventory
management, details of medical equipment provision,
acquisition, utilization and decommissioning techniques,
international standards related to healthcare technology
58
management, medical equipment safety and regulations, etc.
Module objectives In order to enable students
 To know the basic working principles, designing concepts
and troubleshooting phenomena’s of various therapeutic
and diagnostic devises
 To understand and apply the knowledge and skills of
medical equipment management techniques.
Module competencies At the end of this module students should have to
 Fully understand the basic working principles, designing
concepts and troubleshooting phenomena’s of various
therapeutic and diagnostic devises
 Understand and apply the knowledge and skills of medical
equipment management techniques.
59
Total ECTS 11
methods activities;
Module assessment Continuous assessment with graded assignments, tests, lab
techniques reports, and Projects (50%) and final examination (50%)
BMEG3201 Principles of therapeutic and diagnostic devices 6
BMEG4202 Health care technology management 5
Gondar University
Module number 21
Module name Signal processing for biomedical engineering applications
Module description  Enable students to understand and apply the representation,
classification, characterization and analysis of signals and
systems in time and frequency domains
 The student will understand about time-domain
representation and analysis of discrete-time signals and
systems; Transform-domain representation and analysis of
discrete-time signals and systems.
 Introduction to Digital Image Processing, Human visual
system and Visual Psychophysics, digital image
fundamental.
Module objectives After completing this course the student will understand
 The representation, classification, characterization and
60
analysis of signals and systems in time and frequency
Domains
 Discrete-time system realization such as DTFT and FFT
algorithms and their application to biomedical signals
 Random Signal Generation and Measurements.
 Digital image fundamentals such as Image acquisition,
enhancement, Image restoration, Image segmentation,
Image compression.
 Understand and apply the representation, classification,
characterization and analysis of signals and systems in time
and frequency domains.
61
 Solve and process continuous and discrete time signals,
systems and networks.
 Understand different digital signal processing algorithms

applicable to human physiological variables;
 Apply their knowledge in design, development and

handling of biomedical imaging equipment;
 Understand the different digital image processing

techniques;
 Apply their knowledge in performing image processing on

different biomedical Images;
Total ECTS 20
Module learning and teaching Lectures, tutorials, assignments and lab exercises
methods
BMEG3211 Signals and systems analysis 6
BMEG3212 Biomedical Signal Processing 7
BMEG4213 Digital Image Processing 7
Gondar University
Module number 22
Module name Biomedical instrumentation
Module code BMEg-M3224
62
Module description At the end of the module, the student will be familiar with
 Terminologies associated with instrumentation,
measurement, and standards, in general, as applied
biomedical engineering, in particular.
 The knowledge behind various types of bio transducers,
sensors and amplifiers
 The working principle and design concepts of various
biomedical instruments
 Characteristics of various biomedical instruments
Module objectives This module seeks to:
 Enable students to understand the basic science of
instrumentation, measurement and standards.
 Enable students to know about the characteristics of
different types of bio transducers, biosensors and amplifiers
63
 Enable students to understand the operating principle and
design concepts of various bio transducers, sensors, and
medical instruments.
Module competencies At the conclusion of this module, students should:

 Know the basic science of instrumentation, measurement
and standards
 Be competent to design and practically implement
different types of bio transducers and biomedical
instruments.
 Know the operating principles, associated inputs/outputs,
medical importance of various biomedical instruments.
 Know, understand, and be competent in using related
testing tools
 Have a conceptual knowledge of the engineering
principles of the device, as well as practical knowledge of
how to use and trouble-shoot the device
 Know and practice perfectly safe procedures for normal
use and for troubleshooting equipment
 Be able to practically carry out the full troubleshooting
process for any piece of common medical equipment, not
just those covered in the course
Total ECTS 14
Module learning and teaching Lectures supported by laboratory and tutorials.
methods
Module assessment Continuous assessment with graded assignments, tests, lab
techniques exercises, and Projects (50%) and final examination (50%)
BMEG3221 Biomedical instrumentation I 5
BMEG3222 Biomedical instrumentation lab I 2
BMEG3223 Biomedical instrumentation II 5
64
BMEG3224 Biomedical instrumentation lab II 2
Gondar University
Module number 23
Module name Biomedical imaging systems
Module description This module covers the working principles, designing
concepts, and component descriptions of various medical
imaging modalities such as:
65
 Radiographic imaging modalities that includes all types of
projection and tomographic x-ray imaging modalities, such
as x-ray, CT- scan, fluoroscopy, angiography, etc.
 Acoustic imaging modalities such as ultrasound imaging.
 Imaging modalities based on magnetic field such as
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
 Nuclear medicine imaging modalities such as positron
emission tomography (PET), Single photon emission
computed tomography (SPECT), Combined imaging
modalities (PET-CT), etc.
Module objectives In order to enable students to understand
 The basic science of medical image acquisition techniques
 The working principles and design concepts of various
medical imaging modalities
Module competencies At the end of this module students should have to fully
understand
 The basic science of medical image acquisition techniques
 The working principles and design concepts of all medical
imaging modalities
Total ECTS 4
Module learning and teaching Lectures supported by paper works and home study
methods
Module assessment Continuous assessment-50% and Final exam – 50%
techniques
BMEG4231 Biomedical imaging and sensing systems 4
66
Gondar University
Module number 24
Module name Biomedical design
Module description  Design methodologies. Examination of specific medical
devices: surgical equipment, orthopedic devices,
rehabilitation engineering, life support, artificial organs.
Case studies;
 The module includes a significant writing component that

make use of computers, and hands-on design explorations.
67
 It exposes students to CAD, MatLab, and proteus or
LabView, giving them problem-based applications to
develop their skills.
Module objectives  Able to know design methodology for medical equipment.
 Prepare students in the basic skills in computer applications
and prototyping for biomedical engineering applications
and design.
 Give students many hands-on experiences in order to
improve prototyping and computer application skills.
 Develop problem solving capability.
 Handel different projects and tasks.
 Work with experienced engineers using new technologies
and facilities.
 Develop a work discipline.
 Use MatLab to solve undergraduate-level biomedical
engineering problems.
 Use Proteus or LabView for most undergraduate-level
biomedical engineering applications.
 Rapidly prototype their designs in order to effectively
communicate and test their ideas.
Total ECTS 3
Module learning and teaching Laboratory activities, Project, and assignment with class
methods presentation.
Module assessment Practical assignments or mini-projects continuous assessment
techniques with graded assignments, tests, and projects (50%) and final
examination (50%).
BMEG4241 Biomedical system designing and prototyping 3
68
Gondar University
Module number 25
Module name Semester project
69
Module description Students will do a Semester project or a mini project that helps
them as an input for their final BSc thesis work. A maximum
number of three students can work on a group project topic
under the supervision of faculty advisor or/and professional
advisor from the hospital/research institute. The Semester
project will help the students to integrate what they have
learned in four years to solve a simple real world problem
involving bio engineering, while bringing in creative abilities
and problem solving skills. The experience will also enhance
the skill of graduates in report writing, and documentation and
presentation.
Module objectives This is used to apply the course that the students are taking to
solve simple real world problems.
 Develop capability of team work.
 Develop problem solving skill and practical knowledge
Total ECTS 4
Module learning and teaching Practical work with presentation
methods
Module assessment Continuous assessment with graded progress assessment (60%)
techniques and final examination (40%).
BMEG4251 Semester project 4
Gondar University
Module number 26
70
Module name Internship
Module description Students will engage in real biomedical engineering working
areas such as hospitals, private biomedical engineering service
giving sectors, etc. for one semester. During their stay, they
will observe the situation of the real environment, experience
skills, find out a problem related to their field, and try to find
an engineering solution to those problems
Module objectives To enable students to
 Observe the working environments of biomedical
Engineers
 Experience practical skills
71
 Use their knowledge and skills to find a solution to a
problem.
Module competencies At the end of this module students should have to:
 Experience the knowledge and skills of a real biomedical
engineer that can work in various sectors
problem.
Total ECTS 30
Module learning and teaching Practical work with presentation
methods
BMEG5261 Industry Internship 30
Gondar University
Module number 27
Module name BSc thesis
Module description The BSc thesis is the final element of the study program. A
maximum number of three students can work on a group thesis
topic under the supervision of faculty advisor or/and
professional advisor from the hospital/research institute. The
72
B.Sc. thesis will help the student to integrate what he has
learned in five years to solve a real world problem involving
bio engineering, while bringing in creative abilities and
problem solving skills. The experience will also enhance the
skill of graduates in report writing, and documentation and
presentation.
Module objectives This is used to apply the course that the students are taking to
solve real world problems.
 Develop capability of team work.
Total ECTS 12
Module learning and teaching Practical work with presentation.
methods
73
BMEG5271 BSc thesis 12
Gondar University
Module number 28
Module name Elective module set
Module category Elective
Mode of delivery Semester Based /parallel based
Module description This module contains five different advanced biomedical
engineering courses. Students can choose and take only one out
of those five courses in the module.
Module objectives The objective of this module is for students to choose and learn
the knowledge and skills of one of the advanced biomedical
engineering course.
Module competencies Upon completion of this module, students should be able to:
 Gain an advanced knowledge in one of the available
courses from this module and
 Get an insight for further specialization areas of
biomedical engineering
Total ECTS 25
Module learning and teaching Lecture, Tutorial, Laboratory projects, Assignment and Home
methods study etc.
Module assessment Assignments, Quizzes, projects, and final exam
techniques
74
BMEG5281 Mathematical modeling for biomedical engineering 5
applications.
BMEG5282 Advanced medical image processing 5
BMEG5283 Artificial organs and Rehabilitation Engineering 5
BMEG5284 Hospital engineering 5
BMEG5285 Medical Informatics and expert system 5
75
14.5 Course Objectives and Course Contents
Module 01: Course contents- Basic English Skill
Gondar University
Biomedical Engineering
program
Course code EnLa1011
Course title Communicative English
Degree program B.Sc. in Biomedical Engineering
Module Basic English Skill
ECTS 5
Contact hours per week 5 (2Lec.,3Tut.)
Course objectives and By the end of the course, students will be able to:
competencies to be • Express their ideas in various communicative contexts
acquired (in
group/ pair discussion, in public speaking settings)
• Present oral reports
• Write short reports
• Read various materials and make their own notes
• Identify the structure of oral and written discourses
• Attend their academic work at ease and with clarity
Developing basic functions of English language
Course description skills:
reading (scanning, skimming, reading for details,
summarizing, understanding the structure of a text);
listening
(listening for the gist, listening for details, recognizing
discourse markers, noticing the structure of a lecture,
understanding speaker intentions, recognizing
signposting,
attending and following skills); writing (summarizing a
76
text,
synthesizing choppy sentences, writing argumentative
texts,
writing research report, writing a project report); speaking
(introducing oneself and others, interviewing,
discussions,
stating and supporting propositions, stating one’s opinions,
organizing and taking part in a debate, making a
persuasive
speech, questioning); vocabulary (working out meanings
from
context, synonyms, antonyms, collocations, definitions);
grammar (relative clauses, modals, voice, conditionals,
tense,
reported speech).
Course contents
Chapter 1: Introductory unit (10 hours)
 Listening: Finding out about other people --- 1 Hr.
 Vocabulary: learning to learn vocabulary------2 Hrs.
 Grammar: learning to use grammar for facilitating
meaning 2 Hrs.
 Reading: What is involved in understanding
text?------- 2
Hrs.
 Speaking: Introducing oneself and others--------1 Hr.
 Writing: Personal description ----2 Hrs.
Chapter 2: AIDS ……. (10Hrs.)

 Listening: understanding markers of addition and
relating-
--1 Hr.
77
 Vocabulary: using component parts of a word as clues to
meaning ---2 Hrs.
 Grammar: using relative clauses---2 Hrs.

 Reading: identifying audience and purpose ----2 Hrs.
 Speaking: public speaking------1 Hr.

 Writing: Writing a short summary-------2 Hrs.
Chapter 3: Culture and Values (10s. Hr)

 Listening: Identifying the structure of a talk------1 Hr.
 Vocabulary: Using topic relationships to learn new words
–2 Hrs.
 Grammar: Using active and passive constructions for

descriptive writing -----2 Hrs.
 Reading: Critical reading ------2 Hrs.
 Speaking: Brainstorming -------1 Hr.
 Writing: Writing a brief summary of key ideas from a

text– 2 Hrs.
Chapter 4: Improving study practices (8 Hrs.)
 Listening: Thinking about what you do when you listen

to a lecture and take notes --------1 Hr.
 Vocabulary: Using a dictionary ----1 Hr.

 Grammar: Using Conditional 1 ---2 Hrs.
 Reading: Learning styles etc ---- 2 Hrs.
 Speaking: Brainstorming-----1 Hr
 Writing: Summarizing a talk ----1Hr.
Chapter 5: (10Hrs.)
 Listening: Noticing the structure of lectures, responding

to lectures-----1 Hr.
 Vocabulary: working out meanings of core words related

to Theme I from context------2 Hrs.
 Grammar: reporting clauses------2 Hrs.

 Reading: interpreting tables and figure------2 Hrs.
78
 Speaking: discussions
and interviews_------1 Hr. Writing: Assessing problems and
proposing solutions------2Hrs.
References:
1. Dean, M. (1988). Write it; Writing Skills for intermediate

learners of English. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
2. DEFLL. (1996).College English: volume I and II.AAU:

AAU Printing Press.
3. Gregory. (1999).Public speaking for college and career

(Fifth Ed).New York: McGraw Hill College.
Hewings, M. (1999).Advanced Grammar in use: self-study

Reference Practice Book for Advanced Learners of English.
Cambridge: CUP.5. MOE, (2005).Improve Your English: A
Course for Ethiopian
Teachers (Grade 1-4)-Face to Face Learner’s Books
1&2.Addis Ababa: EMPDE.
6. Mohammedtahir and Tibebe Kasahun,
(2005).Communicative English Skills II (unpublished). Jimma:
University Press
7. Strong, W. (1991). Writer’s Choice: Grammar and
Composition. Illinois: McGraw Hall
Pre-requests None
Semester I
Status of the course Compulsory
Teaching and learning Gapped lecture, students’ presentation, Pair/ group work,
methods Questioning and answering, Dictation, personal interactions
among students and instructors, involving students in public
speaking in a role play form, debate, group discussions and
other confidence building sessions are required. Thus, to the
end of delivering this course, students will be given home study
assignments, reading assignment, class works, writing
assignments and group work assignments to prepare for
79
contextual public speaking hoping to boast their oral/aural
skills and to involve them in debates to enhance their
persuading skill too. Therefore, to successfully deliver this
course, it needs an organized arm both from students and
instructors.
Assessments/ evaluation and Continuous assessment -50%
grading systems Final exam- 50%
Attendance requirement 80%
Gondar University
Course code EnLa2012
Course title Basic writing skills
Module Basic English Skill
ECTS 5
Contact hours per week 5 (2Lec., 3Tut.)
Course objectives and Upon completing the course, students will be able to:
competencies to be acquired •Construct meaningful sentences in English
•Use appropriate coordination and subordination skills to relate
ideas
•Identify and correct faulty sentences
•Identify and correct agreement problems
•Punctuate sentences correctly
80
•Compose a paragraph that has clearly stated topic sentence and
supporting details
• Write a well-structured essay of different types
Course description This course will focus on developing the learners’ basic writing
skills in both academic and non-academic contexts. Emphasis
will be on sentence development, writing paragraphs and
composing essays. Sentence level writing includes
constructing different types of error free sentences. At
paragraph level, the course covers basic paragraph writing
skills. Finally, the essay part treats the basic structure of an
essay and its different types.
Course contents CHAPTER 1: WRITING EFFECTIVE SENTENCES (12
HOURS)
 Sentence Types (Simple, Compound, Complex and
Compound-Complex) (1 Hr)
 Sentence Kinds (Declarative, Interrogative, Imperative,
and Exclamatory)
 Faulty Sentences (6 Hrs.) (Fragments
 Run-ons
 Comma splices
 Dangling modifiers
 Misplaced modifiers
 Agreement errors
o Diction (1 Hr.)---
o Sentence Variety--- (1 Hrs)
Punctuation and Capitalization--- (3 Hrs.)
CHAPTER 2: WRITING EFFECTIVE PARAGRAPHS
(20 HOURS)
 Structure of a paragraph--- (2 Hrs.)
 Characteristics of a Good Paragraph ----(6 Hrs.) (Unity,
Cohesion) (Transition words, Synonyms, Pronouns,
 Coherence (Chronological, Spatial, Emphatic)
81
 Completeness
 Basic Types of Paragraph-----(4 Hrs.) (Expository,
Narrative, Descriptive, Argumentative)
 Techniques of Paragraph Development ----(8 Hrs.)
(Definition, Exemplification, Classification, Cause and
Effect, Compare and Contrast, Process, Narration)
CHAPTER 3: ESSAY WRITING (16 HOURS)
 What is an Essay?----(2 Hrs)
 Structure of an Essay---(6Hrs)
 Types of an Essay---(8Hrs.) (Expository, Descriptive)
 Argumentative Narrative
Pre-requests Communication English
Semester I
82
Teaching and learning GappedLecture,Brainstorming, Group/Pair Work,
methods Presentation
Module 02: Course contents - Reasoning Skill & Civics
Gondar University
Course code CvEt 1021
Course title Civics and Ethical Education
Module Reasoning skill and civics
ECTS 5
Course objectives and A graduate from Ethiopian higher education institution who
competencies to be acquired has taken this course:-
 Will be inquisitive, critical, analytic, integrative and
morally balanced person.
 Exhibits higher ethical standards like open-mindedness,
rational thinking, evidence oriented personality and
problem solving skills with high professional spirit.
 Tends to be more participatory in socio-economic and
political endeavors
 Will be practical, highly concerned, responsible and loyal
to his/her nation
 Course Objectives
 At the end of this course, students will be
 familiar with key concepts like civics, ethics and profession
83
 equipped with basic knowledge, skills and attitude of socio-
economic and political issues of their country
 familiar with government institutions, policies, strategies
and legal provisions of their country
 able to analyze the dynamics of socio-economic and
political transformations of their country
 able to develop the knowledge of work habit; professional,
environmental, development and public service ethics, and
their repercussions
Course description The course is intended to be offered as a common course.
Concepts covered include: the meaning and purpose of civics
and ethical education; the concept of the state and government;
84
concepts and principles of democracy. This course also raises
the role of actors in the democratization process in Ethiopia,
ethical matters and issues of citizenship and patriotism, the
basic concepts of constitutions and constitutionalism,
fundamental human rights and the major issues of
development. It also deals with the basic idea of international
relations and contemporary global issues.
Course contents Chapter One: Civics and Ethics for Professionals
 Conceptual frame work of Civics and Ethics
 Civics, Ethics and Citizenship
 Relations of Ethics, Civics and Profession
 The development of civics, ethics and profession in
Ethiopia
 Examining major value challenges
 Rights and Duties of Citizens
Chapter Two: Perspectives on Society, State and Government
in Ethiopia
 Introduction
 Ethiopia: Society, state, regimes and governments
 Dynamics of civics and ethics in socio-economic and
political transformations
 from Untarism to Federalism, from Presidentialism to
Parliamentarism, from Mono-culturalism to
Multiculturalism, from Mono-party centralism to Multi-
partism, from Constitution to Constitutionalism
 Major developments and challenges of these dynamics
Chapter Three: Ethics and Civic Dispositions in Ethiopia
 Introduction
 Work habit and professional Ethics
 The Ethics and Civics of Development
 The Ethics and Civics of Public Service
 The Ethics and Civics of Environment
85
 Rights and obligations in Development, Public Service and
Environment
Chapter Four: Democracy and Good Governance in Ethiopia
 Introduction
 Foundations of Democracy and Good Governance
 Examination of Civic Culture and Political Spectrum in

Ethiopia
 The Individual and the Collective Setting of Democracy

and Good Governance
 Rights and Obligations in Democracy and Good

Governance
Chapter Five: Globalization
86
 Introduction
 Globalization and the changing world
 Dimensions and Values of Globalization
 Major Actors of Globalization
 Challenges of Globalization in developing countries
 Ethiopia: a state in a globalized world
 Global Citizenship
Pre-requests None
Semester I
Teaching and learning Lecture, case studies, group discussions, intensive readings,
methods role play, debates
Gondar University
Course code Phil 1022
Course title Logic and reasoning skill
Module Reasoning skill and civics
ECTS 3
Course objectives and ……
competencies to be acquired
Course description For a biomedical candidate to make significant and balanced
decision in all technological, social, economic and cultural
aspects of development, reasoning and logical analysis skill is
required. To fulfill the aims and objectives of the non-
87
industrialized sector of Ethiopia, unifying esoteric knowledge,
with practical engineering skills is a founding rock. This
course therefore takes off from basic philosophical principles
of reasoning/fact finding and pursues with various
methodological determination processes and develops
algorithms and systematic approach of determining facts. This
course concerns with unearthing the meaning of engineering
decision making (design, procurement and discardation) and
assuages our fears of realizing technological breakthrough.
Course contents .
Pre-requests None
Semester II
88
Teaching and learning Lecture supported by tutorial
methods
Module 03: Course contents - Applied Engineering Mathematics
Gondar University
Course code Math1031
Course title Applied Mathematics I
Degree program BSc in biomedical Engineering
Module Applied Engineering Mathematics
ECTS 6
Contact hours per week 6(3L., 3Tut.)
Course objectives and The objective of this course is to equip students with basic
competencies to be acquired mathematical techniques of calculus and computational
mathematics and help them develop skill build-up in
mathematical analysis for solving engineering problems.
Teach them how to assemble and visualize machine
Course description/contents Numbers; functions; Vectors; Matrices and Determinants;
Limits and Continuity; Derivatives; Applications of the
Derivative; The integral; Inverse Functions; In determinants
Forms, Improper Integrals and Taylor Formula
Pre-requests None
Semester I
Teaching and learning Lectures supported by tutorials and assignments
methods
Assessments/ evaluation and Assignments 20%,
89
grading systems Quiz and Tests 30%,
Final Examination 50%
Attendance requirement Minimum of 75% attendance during lecture hours
References Textbook (the best available)

1. Robert Ellis and Denny Gulick, Calculus: With Analytic
Geometry, Nov 19, 1995.
90
2. Ron Larson, Robert P. Hostetler, and Bruce H. Edwards,
Calculus With Analytic Geometry, Jan 12, 2005.
3. Harvey P Greenspan, H.P. Greenspan, and D.J. Benney,
CALCULUS: An introduction to Applied Mathematics, Jun
1, 1997.
4. David Poole, Linear Algebra: A Modern Introduction
(with CD-ROM), Jan 24, 2005.
5. Richard E. Johnson, Johnson and Kiokemeister's
Calculus With Analytic Geometry, Jan 1978.
6. David C. Lay, Linear Algebra and Its Applications, Third
Updated Edition, Aug 22, 2005.
7. J.L. Morris, Computational Methods in Elementary
Numerical Analysis, Jan 26, 1983.
Gondar University
Course title Applied Mathematics II
Module Applied Engineering Mathematics
ECTS 6
Contact hours per week 6(3L., 3Tut.)
Course objectives and The objective of the course is to equip students with the
competencies to be acquired mathematical tools of developing mathematical models of
physical engineering problems.
Course description/Contents Sequences and series; Elementary Functions of Complex
Variables; Ordinary Differential Equations; Vector – valued
functions; Differential Calculus of Functions of Several
Variables; Multiple Integrals
Pre-requests Applied Mathematics I (Math1031)
91
Semester II
Teaching and learning Lectures supported by tutorials, and assignments
methods
Assessments/ evaluation and Assignments 20%,
grading systems Quiz and Tests 30%,
Final Examination 50%
References Textbook (the best available)
1. Robert Ellis and Denny Gulick, Calculus: With Analytic
Geometry, Nov 19, 1995.
2. Ron Larson, Robert P. Hostetler, and Bruce H. Edwards,
Calculus With Analytic Geometry, Jan 12, 2005.
92
3. Harvey P Greenspan, H.P. Greenspan, and D.J. Benney,
CALCULUS: An introduction to Applied Mathematics, Jun
1, 1997.
4. David Poole, Linear Algebra: A Modern Introduction (with
CD-ROM), Jan 24, 2005.
5. Richard E. Johnson, Johnson and Kiokemeister's Calculus
With Analytic Geometry, Jan 1978.
6. David C. Lay, Linear Algebra and Its Applications, Third
Updated Edition, Aug 22, 2005.
7. J.L. Morris, Computational Methods in Elementary
Numerical Analysis, Jan 26, 1983.
Module 04: Course contents - Engineering Mechanics
Gondar University
Course code CEng 1041
Course title Engineering Mechanics I (Statics)
Degree program BSc in Biomedical Engineering
Module Engineering Mechanics
ECTS 5
Contact hours per week 5(2 Lec.,3 Tut.)
Course objectives and The course enables students to:
competencies to be acquired  Appreciate how physical bodies interact with their
surrounding and attain a state of rest
 Know how to isolate a structure or part of it and show the
forces acting on it
 Apply the principles of force systems for analyzing of
structures
 Interpret the concept of c.g, c.m and centroid as applied to
distributed forces
 Know section properties of members of a structure which
are measures of stiffness
 Understand the nature of friction and quantify it
Course description This course presents the fundamental physical concepts, laws
and principles which are essential for solving engineering
problems. As it is a pre-requisite to the senior engineering
courses, students are expected to grasp the basics of the courses
through discussion, reading and exercising.
Course contents 1. Basics of Statics
1.1. Introduction
1.2. Basic Concepts in Mechanics
93
1.3. Scalars and Vectors
94
1.4. Newton’s Laws
1.5. Free Body Diagram
2. Force systems
2.1. Introduction
2.2. Coplanar Force Systems (2-D)
2.2.1. Resolution of a Force
2.2.2. Moment, Couple & Force-Couple systems
2.2.3. Resultants
2.3. Non-Coplanar Force Systems (3-D)
2.3.1. Resolution of a Force
2.3.2. Moment, Couple & Force-Couple systems
2.3.3. Resultants
3. Equilibrium
3.1. Introduction
3.2. Equilibrium in Two-Dimensions
3.3. Equilibrium in Three-Dimensions
4. Analysis of structures
4.1. Introduction
4.2 Trusses
4.2.1. Plane Trusses
4.2.1.1. Method of Joints
4.2.1.2. Method of Sections
4.3. Pin-ended Multi-Force Structures
4.3.1. Frames
4.3.2. Simple Machines (optional)
5. Distributed forces
5.1. Introduction
5.2. Center of Gravity, Center of Mass & Centroid
5.3. Composite bodies
5.4. Theorem of Pappus (optional)
5.5. Beams-External effects (optional)
6. Area moments of inertia
6.1. Introduction
6.2. Composite Areas
6.3. Product of Inertia
6.4. Transfer of Axes
6.5. Rotation of Axes (optional)
7. Friction (optional)
7.1. Introduction
7.2. Types of Friction
7.3. Dry Friction
Textbook:
1. Merriam, J. L.“Engineering Mechanics (Statics)”, 6th ed.,
2003.
2. J. L. Meriam & L. G. Kraige, Engineering mechanics:
Statics, Fifth Ed., John Wiley & Sons, 2002.
95
3. J. Shelly, Solved problems in vector Mechanics for
Engineers, Volume I & II
4. K.M Walker, Applied Mechanics for engineering
Technology.
5. Joseph F. Shelly, Schaum’s solved problem serious, 800
solved problems in vector mechanics for engineers,1990
6. Joseph. F. Shelley, Engineering Mechanics, 1998
Pre-requests None
Semester I
methods
Assessments/ evaluation and Continuous Evaluation systems - 50%
grading systems Final exam - 50%
Gondar University
Course code MEng 1042
Course title Engineering Mechanics II (Dynamics)
Module Engineering Mechanics
ECTS 5
Contact hours per week 5(2 Lec.,3 Tut.)
Course objectives and The course enables students to:
competencies to be acquired  Understand and apply basic principles that govern the
motion of objects.
 Develop appropriate mathematical models that represent
physical systems.
 Select appropriate coordinate systems for physical systems
96
and analyze motion variables such as position, velocity, and
acceleration.
 Derive equations of motion that relate forces acting on
systems and the resulting motion.
Course description Basic equations of motion; Kinematics of particles and rigid
bodies; Kinetics of particles and rigid bodies
Course contents 1. Introduction: Basic concepts; equations of motion;
Gravitation
2. Kinematics of particles: rectangular motion; plane
curvilinear motion; coordinate systems; relative motion;
constrained motion
3. Kinetics of Particles: Newton’s second law; Work Energy
equation; Impulse and Momentum; Impact
97
4. Kinematics of rigid bodies: Fixed axis rotation; Absolute
motion; relative motion.
5. Kinetics of rigid bodies: General equations of motion;
Work Energy method; Impulse and Momentum
References
1. Meriam J.L., Engineering Mechanics - Dynamics, 6th ed.,
2003.
2. Hibbeler, Rusel M., Engineering Mechanics:
Dynamics,10th ed., 2003
3. Beer, Johnston, Clausen, Eisenberg, Cornwell, Vector
Mechanics for Engineers: Dynamics, 9th ed., 2004.
Pre-requests CEng 1041 Engineering Mechanics I (Statics);

Math 1031 - Applied Mathematics I
Semester II
methods
Module 05: Course contents - Basic Engineering Skills
Gondar University
Course code GEng1051
Course title Introduction to Engineering Profession

Module Basic Engineering Skills
98
ECTS 2
Contact hours per week 1(lLec.)
Course objectives and To enable students understand the constructive interrelation
competencies to be acquired of natural & social sciences as well as business and art to
engineering and their positive impact on the socioeconomic
aspect of a society.
Course description Students will be exposed to the distinction between various
fields of science and engineering and the various roles and
functions of engineers in different disciplines.
Course contents  Interrelations and distinction among engineering, science
and technology – R&D in engineering;
99
 Technical professional levels, qualifications and duties &
responsibilities of technicians, technologists and engineers
(carrier structures and levels);
 Engineers in academics and in industrial professions –
B.Sc. and B.Eng., M.Sc. and M.Eng.
 Engineering disciplines - civil, mechanical, chemical,
industrial, manufacturing, electrical, computer,
biomedical, aeronautic and space;
 Specific roles of Biomedical engineers in the engineering
profession;
 Engineering professional ethics and moral issues –
engineering for civil and military applications;
 Normative interaction of engineers with other
professionals as well as art and business;
 Engineers as leaders and managers;
 Engineering professional associations
Text book
Eide, Jenison, Mashaw , & Northrop “Engineering
Fundamentals and Problem Solving”, 4th Edition, McGraw-
Hill
References:
Richard Shelton Kirby, et al,“Engineering in History”, Dover,
1990.
Robert Pool, “Beyond Engineering: How Society Shapes
Technology”,
Oxford University Press, 1997.
Beakley, Evans, Keats, “Engineering: An Introduction to a
Creative Profession”, 5th edition, Macmillan Publishing
Company, 1986
Pre-requests None
Semester I
100
Teaching and learning Lectures
methods
Assessments/ evaluation and Continuous assessment-50% , Final exam-50%
grading systems
Gondar University
Course code MEng1052
Course title Engineering Drawing
101
Degree program BSc. In Biomedical engineering
ECTS 5
Contact hours per week 5 (2Lec., 3Lab..)
Course objectives and This course enables the students
competencies to be acquired  To understand different types of projection techniques,
 How to sketch multi-view drawings of given pictorial
drawings,
 How to sketch pictorial drawings of given multi-view
drawings, sketching auxiliary and sectional views as
supplements of multi-view drawings,
 How to find intersection lines of different geometrics and
development of surfaces.
Course description The course covers introduction to the history of technical
drawing, theory of projections, multi-view drawings, pictorial
drawings, auxiliary views, sectional views, intersection and
development of surfaces for complex and real life objects.
Course contents Unit I
 Basics of Engineering Drawing and Curves used in
engineering practices: Importance of drawing in
engineering applications – Use of drafting instruments –
BIS specifications – Lettering and dimensioning –
Geometric construction – Conic sections: ellipse, parabola
and hyperbola. Cycloids: epicycloid and hypocycloid.
Involutes: triangle, square and circle.
Unit II
 Orthographic Projection: General principles of

orthographic projections – First angle projection –
projection of points located in all quadrants– projection of
straight lines located in the first quadrant: determination
of true lengths and true inclinations – Projection of
planes, Projection of solids: prisms, pyramids, cylinders
and cones (Truncated solids not included)– change of
position method and change of reference line method.
Unit III
 Section of solids and Development of lateral surfaces:

Section of solids: true shape of sections – Development of
lateral surfaces of solids: prisms, pyramids, cylinders and
cones
Unit IV
 Isometric projection: Principles of Isometric projection-

Isometric projections of simple and truncated solids:
prisms, pyramids, cylinders and cones.
102
103
Pre-requests None
Semester I
Teaching and learning Lectures supported by assignments
methods
Gondar University
Course title Mechanical Workshop
ECTS 2
Contact hours per week 3(3Lab.)
Course objectives and The course is intended to give the student practical training in
competencies to be acquired basic workshop technology. On successful completion of this
module the learner will be able to
 Demonstrate an understanding of and comply with
workshop safety regulations.
 Select and perform a range of machining operations to
produce a given project.
 Identify and use marking out tools, hand tools, measuring
equipment and to work to prescribed tolerances.
 Demonstrate a knowledge of electrical soldering, fastening,
welding, joint design.
 Apply foundry and casting techniques to
develop/manufacture appropriate medical devices.
Course description Bench work, sheet metal fabrication, hands-on experience on
104
basic conventional machining. The course gives practical
experience on manufacturing processes, bench work, wood
work, cutting with the aid of conventional machine tools,
operation and maintenance of appliances and machines,
welding, brazing and soldering, manufacture of parts,
measuring and testing.
Course contents Safety
Personal safety. Instruction on safe working procedures in the
use of marking out, hand tools, and operation of machines and
equipment.
Marking out, measuring equipment and hand tools
105
Care and use of marking out equipment including 74aliper
height gauge, surface plate, 74aliper 74alipers, micrometers
and dial indicator and files, hammers, scriber, hacksaws etc.
Carpentry
Study of Carpentry tools – Preparation of Cross Halving joint
and Dove Tail Joint.
Bench work
filling, cutting, screw thread (forming of internal and external
threads by use of taps and dies)
Sheet Metal Working
Study of sheet metal tools and equipments – Preparation of
Cylinder and Tray.
Foundry
Study of foundry tools – Preparation of green sand mould for
cube and bend pipe patterns.
Fitting
Study of fitting tools – Preparation of square and angle fitting.
Welding
Study of welding tools, equipments and power sources –
preparation of Lap joint and Butt joint. Soldering , brazing ,
fastening ( riveting )
Pre-requests None
Semester II
Status of the course
Teaching and learning Lab activities and assignments
methods
Module 06: Course contents - Intermediate Mathematics and Computing
106
Gondar University
Course title Applied Mathematics III

Module Intermediate Mathematics and Computing
ECTS 6
Course objectives and The objective of the course are to give students a broad
competencies to be acquired understanding on effective techniques for solving common
advanced mathematical problems those arise in engineering
applications in their related fields. Upon completion of this
107
course the students will be able to apply the principle in solving
engineering applications related to their branch.
Course description/ contents Differential equation of the first order; Ordinary linear
differential equation of the second order; Vector differential
calculus; Line and surface integrals; Complex analytic
functions; Complex integrals; Taylor and Laurent series;
Integration by the method of residue.
Pre-requests Applied Mathematics II (Math1032)
Semester I
methods
Assessments/ evaluation and Continuous assessment with graded assignments, tests, and
grading systems projects (50%) and final examination (50%)
1. Erwin Kreyzig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics,
2. K.A. Stroud (Author), Dexter J. Booth, Engineering
References Mathematics 5th ed: Programmes and Problems, 5Rev Ed
edition (23 Feb 2001)
3. K.A. Stroud, Dexter J. Booth, Engineering Mathematics
6th Edition, 6Rev R. V. Churchil, Complex Variables and
Applications
4. John Bird, Engineering Mathematics, Fifth Edition,
October 8, 2007
5. Ed edition (25 Jan 2007
6. J. Morris: Computational Methods in Elementary
Numerical Analysis,
7. Ramin S. Esfandiari, Applied Mathematics for Engineers,
4th edition July 7, 2007
8. Harevery and Greenspan: an Introduction to Applied
mathematics, 1997.
108
9. Martin Braun, Differential Equations and Their
Applications : An Introduction to Applied Mathematics,
Gondar University
Course code ECEG262
Course title Probability and random process

ECTS 5
109
Course objectives and On successful completion of this course the students will be
able to:
 Comprehend probability theory
 Understand functions, calculus and transformation of
stochastic processes
 Specify stochastic processes as models
 Use stochastic processes to Biomedical Engineering
applications.
Course description Introducing some application area of probability and random

processes and revising Set theory, Function, Factorial,
Permutation and Combination. Basic concept of Probability
Theory: Probability models and axioms, Conditional
probability, total probability, Independence and Bayes’
the0rem. Random Variables, Probability Distributions and
Densities function, Discrete and Continuous random variables,
Gaussian Random Variable and Q-Function, Conditional
Distribution and Density Function. Expectations, variances,
moments, Expectation of a Function of Random Variable,
Characteristic Function , Central Limit Theorem and
Transformation of Random Variables. Two and more random
variables and their joint distributions and densities. Random
processes, Auto and cross correlation Functions, covariance,
Stationary Random Processes, Ergodic Random Processes and
Power Spectral Density Function. Introduction to parameter
estimation and prediction.
Course contents 1. Introduction to probability theory: including discrete
and continuous random variables
2. Random variables and random distribution.
3. Discrete and continuous density functions; probability
functions, calculus and transformation of stochastic processes,
110
characterization and specification of stochastic processes as
models of signal ensembles;
4. Stationery and Ergodicity: correlation and power
spectral desnsity; the Wiener, Poission, Markoff and
Gaussian, Rayleigh process ; orthogonal series and
representation.
5. Representation of random processes: Random
processes, Random process in linear systems, application of
random process,
6. Power Spectral Estimation and Stochastic Filter
Design
111
Pre-requests None
Semester II
Teaching and learning Lectures, tutorials, assignments and simulations
methods
Attendance requirement 80 % of class attendance is mandatory
References [1] R.B.Ash & W.A. Gardner; Topics in Stochastic
Processes- Wiley
[2] H.Stark & J.W Woods; probability and Random
processes and estimation theory for engineer(2/e)-PHI
[3] E.Wong&B.Hajek: Stochastic processes in Engineering
systems-SpringerVerlag.
[4] E.Wong: Introduction to Random Processes- Springer
Verlag.
[5] Kenneth H.Rosen: Discrete Mathematics and its
Applications-McGraw-Hill.
[6] Ochi.M.K. Applied probability ans Stochastic processes,
John Wiley & Sons (1992).
[7] Peebles JR.,P.Z., Probability Random Variables and
Random Signal principles, McGraw Hill Inc., (1993)
Gondar University
Course code ECEG2063
Course title Computational Methods
ECTS 6
112
Contact hours per week 6 (3Lec., 3Lab.)
Course objectives and Students will become capable in applying various number
competencies to be acquired systems, numerical error analysis, equations and matrices to
mathematical problems
Course description Students shall learn basics of mathematical modeling, different
numerical methods for determination of roots of equations,
fundamentals of linear algebraic equations, least square
113
regressions and interpolation methods, numerical
differentiation and integration, and solving ordinary
differential equations numerically.
Course contents 1. Number System and Numerical Error Analysis
The Error Problem; Representation of Integers and Fractions;
Number Representation and Storage in Computers; Rounding
Off Problem; Numerical Errors; Significant Digits; Numerical
Cancellation; Algorithm for Conversion from one base to
another; Computational Problems and Algorithms;
Computational Efficiency; Computational Methods for Error
Estimation
2. Solution of Nonlinear Equations
Methods used in Root Finding; Summary of the Solutions of
Nonlinear Equations; Fixed Point Iteration; Real Roots of
Polynomial Equations; Iterative Methods for Finding Real
Zeros of a Polynomial; Order of Convergence
3. Review Matrices and its Computation
Elementary Properties of Matrices; Orthogonality and
Orthonormality of Vectors and Matrices; Norm of Vectors
and Matrices, System of Linear Equations
Existence and Uniqueness of Solutions; Methods of Solution
of Linear Equations,
4. Solution of Systems of Nonlinear Equations
The Iterative Method; The Newton-Raphson Method
5. Interpolation and Approximation
Class of Common Approximation Functions; Criteria for the
Choice of the Approximate Function; Finite Differences;
Divided Differences; Interpolation by Polynomials; Least
Square Approximation by Polynomials; Piecewise
Polynomial Approximation; Cubic Spline Interpolation
6. Numerical Differentiation and Integration
Numerical Differentiation; Numerical Integration, numerical
114
Solutions of Differential Equations
Ordinary Differential Equations; Partial Differential
Equations.
7. Introduction to FEM and FDTD Methods
Pre-requests Applied mathematics-III (Math2061), Introduction to
computer programming (ECEG2151)
Semester II
Teaching and learning Lectures supported by laboratory activities and assignments
methods
Assessments/ evaluation and Continuous assessment with graded lab activities,
grading systems assignments, tests, and projects (50%) and final examination
(50%)
Attendance requirement 80% of lecture and 100% of lab.
115
Module 07: Course contents -Thermodynamics
Gondar University
Course title Engineering Thermodynamics
Degree program BSc. in Biomedical engineering
Module Thermodynamics
ECTS 4
Contact hours per week 3 (3lec.)
Course objectives and At the end of this course students will understand the basic
competencies to be acquired concepts of engineering thermodynamics.
Course description Basic concepts of thermodynamics: temperature, work, heat,
internal energy and enthalpy; First law of thermodynamics for
closed and steady-flow open systems; Thermodynamic
properties of pure substances; changes of phase; equation of
state; Second law of thermodynamics: Concept of entropy.
Simple power and refrigeration cycles; Introduction to heat
transfer: conduction, convection and radiation
Course contents  Basic concepts of thermodynamics: temperature, work,
heat, internal energy and enthalpy
 First law of thermodynamics for closed and steady-flow
open systems;
 Thermodynamic properties of pure substances; changes of
phase; equation of state;
 Second law of thermodynamics:
 Concept of entropy: Simple power and refrigeration
cycles;
 Introduction to heat transfer: conduction, convection and
116
radiation
Pre-requests Intermediate Mathematics and Computing module
Semester I
Teaching and learning Lectures supported by projects and assignments
methods
Module 08: Course contents - Research methods and presentation
Gondar University
117
Course code BMEG4081
Course title Research methods and presentation
Module Research methods and presentation
ECTS 3
Contact hours per week 3 (2 Lec.)
Course objectives and At the end of this course, students will be able to:
competencies to be acquired  Pay attention to designing and adhering to the appropriate
methodology throughout improving the quality of research
 Be familiar with the art of using different research methods
and techniques
Course description Students will learn and understand general concepts related
to conducting a research, Identifying the research problem,
method of data collection and sampling, and presentation
techniques.
Course contents  General concepts related to conducting a research:
necessity, types and levels of researches
 Identifying the research problem/problem formulation
 Method of data collection and sampling: data
collection/generation and processing
 Methodologies and methods of a research: modeling &
experimentation
 Method of result interpretation techniques
 Documentation and presentation techniques: Presentation
skills: research and project proposals,; oral
presentations formats; applications of audiovisual
equipment; Management aspect of Research and
Development (R&D) works and outputs: discussion
forums; intellectual property rights; management of
R&D works.
118
Pre-requests None
Semester II
Teaching and learning Lectures, paperwork and assignments.
methods
Assessments/ evaluation and Quizzes, Projects, and assinments-50%, Final exam 50%.
grading systems
Module 09: Course contents - Basics of economics
Gondar University
119
Course code Econ1091
Course title Introduction to economics
Module Basics of economics
ECTS 4
Contact hours 3 (3Lec.)
Course objectives and At the end of the course students will be able to
competencies to be acquired  Understand the important disciplines of economics
 Know the major branches of economics inquiry:
microeconomics and macro economics
 Understand the concepts of demand, supply, production,
cost, profit and national income
Course description Understanding the principles of economics which deals with
the use of scarce resources efficiently there by satisfying
human wants. The emphasis of this course is on how you can
use economics as a practical tool to comprehend and deal
responsibly with personal, business and social issues.
Course contents 1. Introduction
1.1 Definition and Scope of Economics
1.2 The Method of economics
1.3 The Use of Graphs and Equations
1.4 The Production Possibility Frontier efficiency and
Opportunity cost
1.5 The Basic Economic Problems and Alternative
Economic Systems
1.6 Decision Making Units and the Circular flow of
Economic Activities
1.7 Types of Business Organizations
2. Microeconomics
2.1 Theory of Demand
2.1.1 Demand Functions, Schedules, and Curves
120
2.1.2 Determinants of Demand
2.2 Theory of Supply
2.2.1 Supply Functions, Schedules, and Curves
2.2.2 Determinants of Supply
2.2.3 Market equilibrium
2.2.4 Elasticity of Demand and Supply
2.3 Theory of Production
2.3.1 The Short and Long runs Production Theories
2.3.2Short-run Production Functions: Total, Average and
Marginal Products and the Law of Diminishing
Returns
2.4 Theory of Costs
2.4.1 Analysis of Costs in the Short-run: Fixed and Variable
costs: Total Average and Marginal Costs
121
2.4.2 Costs in the Long run 2.5 Market Structures
2.5 Market structures
2.5.1 Perfectly Competitive Market: Revenue Function and
Rules of Profit Maximization
2.5.2 Pure Monopoly
2.5.3 Oligopoly
2.5.4 Monopolistic Competition
3. Macroeconomics
3.1 Problems of the Macro Economy
3.2 National Income Accounting
3.2.1 Basic Concepts: Gross Domestic Product (GDP),
Gross National Product (GNP), and Net National Product
(NNP)
3.2.2 Approaches to Measuring GNP: Product, Expenditure
and Income
3.2.3 Nominal and Real GNP
3.2.4 National Product and the Informal Economy 3.4.5
GNP and Economic Welfare
3.3. Fluctuations in Economic activities: Unemployment and
Inflation
3.4. Aggregate Demand and Supply Equilibrium
3.5. Economic Policy Instruments: Monetary, Fisqal and
Income policies
References
1. John Slomon, Economics, third edition, prentice Hall 1997
2. Campbell R. Me Connel, Economics: Principles.
Problems, and Policies.
3. D.N.DW3VEDL Micro economic theory, third edition
4. David N. Hvman, Economics, frwin. Boston. 1989
5. Paul A Samuelson and William D.Nordhaus. Economics.
th
14 edition. McGraw-Hill I Company, 1998.
Pre-requests None
122
Semester II
Teaching and learning Lectures, Tutorials on lectures, Personal study and
methods Assignments
Module 10: Course contents - Entrepreneurship and Managerial skills
Gondar University
123
Course code IEng5101
Course title Industrial Management and Engineering Economy
Module Entrepreneurship and Managerial skills
ECTS 5
Course objectives and At the end of this course students will be able to:
competencies to be acquired  Apply different techniques for estimating the cost of
product/service
 Analyze industrial operations economy
 Know components of cost of a product andtime value of
money
 Apply PERT and CPM for managing the project
 Crash projects by considering cost aspects, and resource
leveling
 Use charts and networks for scheduling and managing
projects
 Plan and organize projects
Course description This Industrial management part of this course studies the
methods on project planning and controlling. The study covers
project management definition and life cycle of a project,
project organization structure and project management process,
project planning and control: CPM method, PERT method,
project team determination, financial planning, planning
communication, documentation and project information
system. The course provides skills on planning and controlling
a work in the form of project.
The Engineering economics part of this course studies the basic
concept of time value of money and methods for alternative and
investment evaluation. The study covers definition and scope
of engineering economics, cash flow, concept of time value of
money, present equivalent value, annual value, internal rate of
124
return, payback method, profitability index method, sensitivity
analysis, depreciation, inflation and deflation, replacement
analysis, tax analysis, public investment cost-benefit analysis.
The course provides ability in conducting analysis and decision
making for alternative selection or investment evaluation using
economic criteria
Course contents Concept of Project Management
Project Characteristics, Project objectives and Functions,
Project Classification, Project Planning and Organization,
Project Formulation, Stages in Project formulation, Difficulties
in Project Formulation, Project Life Cycle, Phases of Project
Management, Work breakdown Structure
Bar charts and Milestone Charts
Introduction, Sequenced Gantt Charts, Mile stone Charts
125
Network Logic and Construction
Activity and Events, Predecessor and Successor Activities
and Events, Drawing the Network
Activity Times and Level of Detail.
Measure of Activity, CPM System of Single Time Estimate,
PERT System of Three Time Estimates
Network Analysis
Forward Pass Computations, Backward Pass Computations,
Critical Path
Crashing and Updating
Direct Cost of Activity, Indirect cost of the Project, Total
Cost of the Project, Crashing the Network, Updating the
Project.
Resource Scheduling.
Introduction, Load Smoothening Load Leveling
InflationCost Estimation
Cost Accounting, Classification of cost, Element of cost,
Type of Estimation, Method of Estimation, Data requirement
& sources, Collection of cost, Allowance in Estimation,
Costing methods, Costing of job process and operations,
Uniform costing
Production cost Estimation
Estimation of material cost, Labor cost, Overhead cost,
Collection of overheads
Cost Estimation & Analysis of re-engineering of
manufacturing process & reverse engineering of products
Cost analysis, marginal costing, Standard costing & variance
analysis, Budgeting
References
 Project management with PERT and CPM, by Dr. D.S.
Hira
 Engineering Economics for Professional Engineers'
126
Examination, 3rd Ed.,Max Kurtz, P.E(1985)
 D.S. Hira, Project Management with PERT and CPM,
India
 F.L. Harrison, Advanced Project Management: A
Structured Approach, 3rd Ed, 1992, New Delhi
Pre-requests Introduction to Economics (Econ1091)
Semester II
Teaching and learning Lecture supported by tutorials, assignments and projects
methods
127
Gondar University
Course code IEng5102
Course title Engineering Entrepreneurship
Module Entrepreneurship and Managerial skills
ECTS 4
Course objectives and To introduce students with the field of entrepreneurship
competencies to be acquired development, and commercialization of technology-based
innovation
Course description/Contents Introduction to Entrepreneurship: Local and global business
environments; Key Aspects of Launching Entrepreneurial
Business Ventures: Marketing research; Human resources;
Sales and revenue projections; Business plan; Financing
options; Marketing; Legal issues; Managing an Ongoing
Business Venture: Sales and revenue projections; Marketing;
Information technology; Financial analysis; Human relations
management; Social and ethical aspects, Alternative
Approaches to Starting a New Business Venture: Startup
from scratch; Buy-outs; Franchises; Advantages and
disadvantages of alternatives, Preparation of a Business Plan;
Sources of Start-up and Growth; Debt and Equity Capital.
Pre-requests Introduction to Economics
Semester II
Teaching and learning Lecture supported by tutorial, assignments, and presentations
methods
128
Module 11: Course contents: Basics of electrical engineering
Gondar University
Course title Fundamentals of electricity and circuit theory
Degree program BSc. in biomedical engineering
Module Basics of electrical engineering
ECTS 7
Contact hours per week 8 (2Lec.,3Tut, 3Lab)
129
Course objectives and  Understand circuit variables, parameters and the basic
competencies to be acquired electromagnetic phenomenon.
 Understand and apply the fundamental and derived circuit

laws and theorems to the analysis of DC circuits.
 Understand the basic electromagnetic phenomenon, circuit

variables and parameters.
 Understand and apply the fundamental and derived circuit
laws and theorems to the analysis of steady state single phase
and poly phase ac circuits.
 Be familiar with some simulation software for different
circuits
Course description Electrical charge, voltage, current, power, electromagnetism,
voltage sources, current sources, Resistor, Capacitor, Inductor,
Ohm’s law, Kirchhoff’s law, Nodal analysis, Loop analysis,
Source transformation, Linearity and superposition, Thevenin’s
and Norton’s theorems, Mathematical development of response
of first order transient circuits equation, Analysis techniques,
Pulse response, Mathematical development of response of
second order transient circuits equation and network response,
Electromagnetism, Single phase AC circuit analysis, Poly
phase circuits and Resonance.
Course contents 1. Basics of circuit theory
Electrical charge, voltage, current and
Power, Review of electromagnetism
2. Introduction to circuit elements
Voltage source, Current source
Resistor, Capacitor and Inductor
3. Circuit laws and analysis techniques
Ohm’s law, Kirchhoff’s law, Nodal
Analysis, Loop analysis, Source
Transformation, Linearity and
Superposition, Thevenin’s and
130
Norton’s theorems, Maximum power
Transfer
4. Response of first order transient circuit
Introduction, Mathematical development of response

equation
Analysis techniques, Pulse response
5. Response of second order transient circuits
131
Mathematical development of response
Equation, network response
6. Electromagnetism
Electromagnetic circuits
Magnetically coupled circuits
7. Single phase AC circuit analysis
Introduction
Frequency response
Analysis methods of single phase AC circuits
Power analysis of AC circuits
8. Poly phase circuits
Introduction to Poly phase circuits

Star-delta connections
Voltage, current and power in balanced
system
Power in unbalanced system
9. Resonance
Introduction to resonant circuits

Series resonant circuit
Parallel resonant circuit
10. Circuit analysis using software(optional)
References
[1] Fundamentals of electric circuits, A. Sadiku

th th
[2] Basic engineering circuit analysis, J. David Irwin, 5 or 7
Ed.
th th
[3] Introductory circuit Analysis, Boylestad, 8 or 9 Ed.
[4] Fundamentals of electrical engineering, Leonard S. Bobrow,
nd
2 Ed.
132
th
[5] Electric circuit fundamentals, Thomas L. Floyed, 4 Ed.
[6] Basic Engineering circuit analysis, R.C. Dorf
[7] Engineering Circuit Analysis, by H. Hyte& J.E. Kemmerly

Pre-requests Applied Mathematics I (Math1031)
Semester II
133
Teaching and learning Lectures supported by tutorials and laboratory activities
methods
Assessments/ evaluation Continuous assessments( quizzes, assignments, exercises and
and grading systems lab. Activities)-50% and Final Exam-50%
Gondar University
Course title Electrical Workshop practice
Degree program BSc. In Biomedical Engineering
Module Basics of electrical engineering
ECTS 2
Contact hours per week 3 (3Lab.)
Course objectives and To enable students to:
competencies to be acquired  Be familiarized with the various electrical materials and
devices used in electrical installation.
 Have practical wiring skills on lightening, power and
signaling circuits.
 Have practical exposure to working environment in
electrical engineering
 Understand the construction and control of basic electrical
machines
 Be able to construct electrical parts of basic machine.
 Be able to control electrical machines with relay circuits
 Know and apply the basic maintenance principles of
apparatus coil, transformer, induction motors, PC etc.
Course description This course teaches the following electrical workshop concepts
and practices: Working Safety Rules (with special focus on
occupational safety and occupational hazard); General
134
soldering; Cutting and Filing; Internal Electrical Installation
Practice. Be able to create safe working environment in
electrical workshops, to able to perform electrical installation,
Transformers Winding and fault location; Electrical Motor
Winding, Wiring of Relay Circuits
Course contents  Working Safety Rules (with special focus on occupational
safety and occupational hazard);
 General soldering; Cutting and Filing;
 Internal Electrical Installation Practice.
 Transformers Winding and fault location;
 Electrical Motor Winding, Wiring of Relay Circuits
Pre-requests None
135
Semester II
Teaching and learning Students will have different electrical Practices in Workshops
methods
Assessments/ evaluation and Continuous assessment with graded assignments, tests, Lab
grading systems Reports, and projects (50%) and final examination (50%)
References 1. Handouts and manuals
2. Basic shop practical in electrical engineering. Hans
DhanpatRai&Co. (PVT) Ltd. 1999
3. Basic electrical installation work, 2nd ed. Trevor Linsley
4. Hand book of electrical motor control systemsU.S
Eswar. Tata
Module 12: Course contents: Applied electronics
Gondar University
Course title Applied electronics I
Degree program BSc. in Biomedical Engineering
Module Applied electronics
ECTS 7
Contact hours per week 8 (2Lec.,3Tut.,3Lab)
Course objectives and  To discuss basic concepts of electronic circuits with the
competencies to be acquired aid of characteristic curves
 To introduce sample applications and design guidelines of
electronic circuits
Course description Basic Semiconductor Theory; Semiconductor diodes and their
applications; BJT; FET; Amplifier Frequency Response;
Multistage Amplifiers; Power Amplifiers; Tuned Amplifiers
Course contents 1. Basic semiconductor theory
 Charge carriers in solids
 semiconductor
 energy level
 modification of carrier densities
 the pn junction
2. Semiconductor diodes and their application
136
 ideal diode
 terminal characteristics of diode
 physical operation of diodes
 application of diodes
 special diodes types
137
3. Bipolar junction trasistors
 Introduction
 Device structure and physical operation
 Current voltage charactersitcs
 BJT circuits at DC
 Biasing in BJT circuit amplifiers
 Small signal modes and operation
 Single stage BJT amplifiers
 The BJT capacitance and high frequency model
4. BJT small signal amplifiers
 CE BJT amplifiers
 CB BJT amplifiers
 CC BJT amplifiers
 BJT amplifiers frequency response
5. Field effect transistors (FETs)
 introduction
 junction field effect transistor
 static characteristics of FETs
 biasing of FET circuits
 small signal model of FET
 common source JFET amplifier
 depletion MOSFET or IGFET
 Enhancement only MOSFET
 Dual stage MOSFET
 P-channel and N-channel MOSFET
 Common source FET amplifier
 Common drain FET amplifier
 Common gate FET amplifier
 Frequency response of common source FET amplifier
6. Multi stage amplifiers

 Introduction
 Different cascading of amplifiers,
 Types of cascaded amplifiers
 Analysis of cascaded amplifiers
 Direct coupled amplifiers
7. Power amplifiers
 Introduction
 Class A power amplifiers
 Class B power amplifiers
 Amplifier distortion
 Power transistor heat sinking
 Class C and class D amplifiers
 Tuned amplifiers
References
138
1. Theodore F. Bogart, Electronic Devices and Circuits
2. Malvino, Electronic Principles
3. Robert Boylestad, Louis Nashelsky: Electronic Devices and
Circuit Theory
4. S. Sedra& C. Smith, Microelectronic Circuits
5. jacobmillmanmicro electronics digital and analog circuit
system
6. sanjeevgupta, electronic circuit and device
Pre-requests Fundamentals of Electricity and circuit theory
(ECEG1111)
Semester I
Teaching and learning Lectures supported by Laboratory experiments, Quizzes,
methods assignments, term papers
Assessments/ evaluation and Continuous assessments-50%

grading systems FinalExam-50%
Attendance requirement 80%of lecture and 100% of Lab.
Gondar University
Course title Applied electronics II
Module Applied electronics
ECTS 7
Contact hours per week 8 (2Lec., 3Tut.,3Lab)
Course objectives and  To discuss advanced electronic circuits and their
competencies to be acquired application.
 To understand concepts of amplifiers and wave shaping of
Electronic circuits with the aid of characteristic curves.
 To explain the overview of power semiconductor devices
and converters.
 To explain the applications of electronic circuits.
Course description Discussing advanced electronics circuits, application of
amplifiers, feedback circuits, multi vibrators and wave
shaping circuits
139
Course contents 1. Feedback amplifiers
 Introduction to feedback systems.
 Basic feedback concept(negative and positive feedback
systems)
 Sensitivity
 Loop gain and stability of feedback circuits
140
 Feedback topologies
2. Differential amplifiers
 Introduction
 A small review on BJT amplifiers
 Basic operation of differential amplifiers
 Small signal analysis of differential amplifiers
 Ways of improving voltage and common
mode rejection ratio
3. Operational amplifiers
 Introduction
 Characteristics and operation of Op-Amp
 The ideal Op-Amp circuit analysis
 Inverting, non- inverting and voltage follower op amps
 Open loop and closed loop voltage gains in Op-Amp
 Op-Amp performance parameters
 Application of Op-Amps in linear circuits
 Application of Op-Amp in non-linear circuits
4. Oscillators
 Oscillator Operation
 Phase-Shift Oscillator
 Wien Bridge Oscillator
 Tuned Oscillator Circuit
 Crystal Oscillator
 Unijunction Oscillator
5. Multivibrators
 Introduction to multivibrators,
 Operation of mono-stable multivibrators,
 Bi-stable multivibrators,
 Astablemultivibrators,
 Schmitt trigger, communicating capacitors.
6. Wave shaping circuits
 Introduction
 Low pass RC circuits and their operation
 High pass RC circuits and their operation
 RL low pass & high pass circuits
 RLC series and parallel circuits
 Analog integrated circuits and their applications
7. Introduction to digital electronics
 Realization of logic gates using FETs
 Design of simple digital systems
 Introduction to IC Fabrication
Text Books
Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition by
Donald A. Neamen
141
Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, by Robert Boylestad
References:
1. Theodore F. Bogart, Electronic Devices and Circuits
2. Malvino, Electronic Principles
3. Robert Boylestad, Louis Nashelsky: Electronic Devices and
Circuit Theory
4. S. Sedra& C. Smith, Microelectronic Circuits
Pre-requests Applied electronics I (ECEG2121)
Semester II
Teaching and learning Lectures supported by Laboratory experiments, Quizzes,
methods assignments, term papers
Assessments/ evaluation and Continuous assessments-50%

grading systems Final Exam-50%
Attendance requirement 80%of lecture and 100% of Lab.
Module 13: Course contents: Introduction to machine and power system
Gondar University
Course title Introduction to Electrical machines
Module Introduction to machine and power system
ECTS 7
Contact hours per week 8 (2Lec., 3Tut., 3Lab)
Course objectives and  To understand basic concepts of electromagnetic circuits
competencies to be acquired as they relate to voltages, currents, and physical forces
induced in conductors.
 To understand and gain insight into principles of operation
& construction of transformer, induction machines, D.C.
machines, and synchronous machines.
 To learn and understand analytical models for
transformers and electrical rotating machines.
 To use models to analyze power requirements, power
capability, efficiency and operating characteristics.
142
Course description Magnetics; Transformers; 3-Phase Induction Machines ;
D.C Machines; Synchronous Machines
Course contents 1. Magnetics: Field properties, materials, saturation &
hysteresis, magnetic circuits, iron loses, Production of an
EMF, Production of electromagnetic force-torque.
2. Transformers: Principle of action, construction, ideal &
practical models, 3-phase transformers connections.
143
3. 3-Phase Induction Machines: Revolving field,
construction, synchronous speed & slip, parameter
measurement.
4. D.C Machines: Construction, armature reaction,
commutation, Characteristics of D.C generator,
5. Synchronous Machines: Construction, equivalent circuit,
parameter testing,
References:
1. J. Hindmarsh: Electrical Machines and their Applications
2. Kosow: Electric Machinery and Control, Prentice-Hall
3. Siskind: Electrical Machines, McGraw-Hill
4. Chapman: Electric Machinery Fundamentals, McGraw-Hill
5. Fitzgerald, C. Kingsley, & S. D. Umans: Electric
Machinery
6. M.G. Say: Alternating Current Machines
Pre-requests Fundamentals of electricity and circuit theory (ECEG1111)
Semester I
Teaching and learning Lectures, tutorials and laboratory activities
methods
Assessments/ evaluation and Continuous Assessment (50%), Final examination (50%)
grading systems
Gondar University
Course title Introduction to power systems
Module Introduction to machine and power system
ECTS 6
Contact hours per week 7 (2Lec., 2Tut, 3Lab)
Course objectives and To enable students:
competencies to be acquired  To learn and identify different commonest of modern
power system
 To calculate the different characteristics of a transmission
line
 To analyze the power flow and stability of a power system
 To learn and understand the analytical techniques of fault
analysis and stability analysis.
 To understand and analyze power system transients.
 To provide comprehensive coverage of load flow studies
 To learn and analyze HVDC transmission.
144
Course description Power system components, characteristics and transients,
Power system stability, Fault analysis Load flow studies,
HVDC transmission
Course contents 1.Review of AC theory
 Single and three phase Circuits and network equations
2.Transformers
 Characteristics, representation and analysis
3.Transmission line characteristics
 HVDC transmission
4.Symmetrical Components
 Symmetrical faults
 System protection
5.Transient operations
 Transient analysis
 Transient stability
 Fault analysis Load flow studies
Pre-requests Introduction to electrical machines (ECEG3131)
Semester I
Teaching and learning Lectures, tutorials and laboratory activities
methods
grading systems
Module 14: Course contents: Control Engineering
Gondar University
Course title Introduction to control systems
Module Control Engineering
ECTS 4
Course objectives and The aim of this course is to enable students :
competencies to be acquired  To get familiarize with the basic concepts of control
systems
 To apply the basic control engineering principles and
design concepts to a given biomedical systems
 To understand and design the controlling mechanisms of
biomedical systems
Course description Introduction to the linear feedback control; Modeling and
representation of Control Systems: Review of Differential/
145
Difference Equations and Laplace/Z transform, and transfer
function of control systems and system elements, impulse
response of linear systems, block diagrams, signal flow
graphs; Time domain analysis of Control Systems:
Performance, Characteristics of feedback control systems,
robustness, the characteristic equation and transient response;
Frequency domain analysis: Polar plot, bode plot, magnitude
versus phase plot, relation between plots, Stability of linear
control systems (Routh-Hurwitz Criterion, Nyquist Criterion,
Stability of discrete data control systems), Frequency
response of feedback control systems (Control specification in
frequency domain, Relative stability, Nichols chart); Root-
locus Methods; Design of Controllers: Root locus method:
Phase-lead compensation, phase-lag compensation, lead-lag
compensation. Frequency response method: Phase-lead
compensation, phase-lag compensation, lead-lag
compensation; Control System Components
Course contents 1. INTRODUCTION: Concepts of control systems- Open loop and closed
loop control systems and their differences-Different
examples of control systems- classification of control
systems.
MATHEMATICAL MODELS OF PHYSICAL SYSTEMS: Differential equations- transfer
functionand block diagram representation of physical systems-translational and rotational
mechanical systems, electrical systems-analogous systems- Block diagram reduction using
algebra- Representation by signal flow graph- reduction using Mason’s gain formula.
1. TIME RESPONSE ANALYSIS: Standard test signals-
impulse, step and ramp response analysis of first order and
second order systems- Characteristics Equation of
Feedback control systems, Transient Response of second
order systems- Time domain specifications- Steady state
response- Steady state errors and error constants- Effects
of proportional derivative, proportional integral systems,
performance indices.
2. CONCEPTS OF STABILITY: The concept of
stability,Routh stability criterion- qualitative stability and
conditional stability. The root locus concept- construction
of root loci- effects of adding poles and zeros to G(s)H(s)
on the root loci-root contour.
3. FREQUENCY RESPONSE ANALYSIS:
Frequencyresponse specifications- Bode diagrams
Determination of Frequency domain specifications and
transfer function from the Bode diagram- Phase margin
and Gain margin-Stability Analysis from Bode plots. Polar
plots, Nyquist
146
plots and applications of Nyquist criterion to find the
stability- Effects of adding poles and zeros to G(s)H(s) on
the shape of the Nyquist diagrams, Constant M and N
circles- Nichols Chart- Frequency Domain specifications
from Nichols Chart.
5. STATE-VARIABLE ANALYSIS: Introduction of state,
state variables and state model, derivation of state models
from block diagrams, Relationship between state equations
andtransferfunctions-Characteristicequation,
eigenvalues, eigenvectors, canonical forms
Diagonalization- solving the time invariant state equations-
State Transition Matrix. Controllability and observability.
TEXT BOOK:

R.Anandanatarajan, P.RameshBabu, “Control Systems
Engineering”, Second Edition, Scitech Publications, India,

2008.
References

J.Nagrath&M.Gopal, “Control System Engineering”
Wiley Eastern, 2001


Katsuhiko Ogata, “Modern Control Engineering”, PHI
Learning, Fourth Edition, 2002

Pre-requests Signals and system Analysis (BMEG3211)
Semester I
Teaching and learning Lectures supported by tutorials, simulations and projects
methods
grading systems
147
Module 15: Course contents: Computer Engineering
Gondar University
Course title Introduction to Computer programing

Module Computer engineering
ECTS 5
Contact hours per week 5 (2Lec.,3Lab.)
148
Course objectives and
After successfully completed this course, the student should
be able to :

Identify Major components of computer system

Know the representation of information in computers

Draw flow chart for simple programming problems

Write a program using C++ for looping and conditional
problems

Write a program by decomposing a problem using
functions

Use arrays and structures as a user defined data types

Use pointers to dynamically allocate memory

Do simple input and output on text

Appreciate the advantage of Object Oriented
Programming over the Procedural Programming
Course description This course covers the following topics: Programming

Fundamentals; A brief over view of basics of computers.
Students will be introduced to the Programming world in
C++; the basic syntaxes and rules and concepts of C++
programming; Functions, arrays and pointers; simple text file
processing, input and output; Introduction to the more
advanced programming concept, Object Oriented
Programming.
Course contents 1. Fundamentals of Computers
 Introduction
 Evolution
 Computer Architecture Basics
 Hardware and Software
 Representation of numbers in computer
149
 Binary arithmetic
2. Fundamental of C++Programming
 basics of programming
 algorithm and flow chart
 basics of C++
 variables and assignment
 declaration and initialization
 input /output
3. Arrays and Structures
 one dimensional array
 multidimensional array
 Accessing structure members
 Passing structures to functions
 Assigning structures
150
4. Pointers
 Pointer declaration
 Pointer operation
 Pointers and arrays
 Calling a function by reference
5. File Input and Output
 Creating a file
 Opening and Closing a file
 Reading and writing text files
6. Introduction to Object Oriented Programming (OOP)
 Introduction
 Procedure Oriented Vs Object Oriented
 Features of OOP-reusability, extensibility
 Over view of Classes and Objects
References
[1] Absolute C++, 4th Ed,WaltSavitch,Addison
Wesley,2009
[2] C++ From The Ground Up, Herbert Schildt
[3]Programming in C++, Timothy B.D orazio
[4]How to program in C++, Deitel and PJ.Deitel
[5]Any Programming book in C++
Pre-requests None
Semester I
Teaching and learning Lectures supported by class exercises, Assignments, and
methods
Laboratory exercises.
Assessments/ evaluation and Continuous Assessment ( Quiz ,Laboratory work, Project

grading systems
work, class activity) 50%, and Final Examination 50%.
Attendance requirement 80% of class attendance and 100% Lab attendance is

mandatory
151
Gondar University
Course title Digital Logic design
152
Module Computer Engineering
ECTS 6
Contact hours per week 7 (2Lec.,2Tut.,3Lab.)
Course objectives and Up on successful completion of this course students will be able
competencies to be acquired to:
 Convert between decimal, binary, octal, and hexadecimal
number systems.
 Differentiate different Codes in digital system.
 Perform two-level logic minimization using Boolean
algebra and Karnaugh maps minimization method.
 Analyze the properties and realization of the various logic
gates.
 Perform binary addition and subtraction.
 Implement the Boolean Functions using NAND and NOR
gates.
 Incorporate medium scale integrated circuits, like decoders,
encoders, multiplexers, etc., into circuit design.
 Differentiate and Design Combinational and Sequential
circuits.
 Design and analyze clocked sequential circuits.
 Use various types of latches and flip-flops to build binary
memory and counters.
 Perform asynchronous and synchronous sequential logic
analysis
Course description This course provides an overview of the principles underlying
Number systems, arithmetic operations, decimal codes,
alphanumeric codes, Boolean algebra, Karnaugh maps,
implementation of digital logic gates using universal
gates(NAND and NOR gates), exclusive-OR gates, integrated
circuits, combinational circuits, decoders, encoders,
multiplexers, Demultiplexers adders, subtractors, multipliers,
sequential circuits, latches, flip-flops, sequential circuits
analysis, and counters. Finally, under this course, Analysis
and design of combinational and sequential logic systems will
be done.
Course contents 1. Introduction to Digital Systems
• Digital and analogue quantities
• Binary digit logic level and digital waveform
2. Number system ,operations and codes
 Decimal number
 Binary number
 Decimal to binary conversation
 1’s and 2’s compliment of binary number
 Signed number
 Hexadecimal number
153
 Octal number
 BCD
3. Logic gates
 The inverter
 The AND gate
 The OR gate
 The NAND gate
 The NOR gate
 The Exclusive OR and Exclusive NOR gates
4. Boolean algebra and Logic simplification
 Boolean operation and expression
 Laws and rules of Boolean algebra
 De morgan Theorems
 Boolean analysis of logic circuit
 The K-map
5. Combinational logic
•Functions of combinational logic
•Basic combinational logic circuits
•Implementing Combinational logic
•Universal property of NAND and NOR gates
• Adders , decoders , encoders ,multiplexers and de
multiplexers
6. Flip flops
• Latches
• Edge triggered flip flops
• Master slave flip flops
• Applications
7. Counters
• Synchronous counters
• Asynchronous counters
• Up/down counters
• Design of synchronous counters
8. Shift registers
• Basic shift registers
• Serial in serial out registers
• Serial in parallel out Registers
9. Memory and storage (optional)
• Basics of semiconductor Memory
• Random access memory (RAM’s)
• Read only memory (ROM’s)
• Programmable ROM;s(PROM,EEPROM)
• Flash memories
References
1. Morris M. Mano: Digital Design (3rd Edition)
154
2. R. J. Tocci and N. S. Widmer: Digital Systems –
Principles and Applications, 9th Ed, Prentice Hall, 2004
3. T.L. Floyd: Digital Fundamentals, 9th edition ,Prentice
Hall
4. Stephen Brown, ZvonkoVranesic: Fundamentals of
Digital Logic with Verilog Design, McGraw-Hill
Science/Engineering/Math; 1st edition 2002
5. R.P. Jain: Modern Digital Electronics, raw-Hill
Science/Engineering/Math; 1 edition, (August 21, 2006)
6. AnantAgarwal and Jeffrey Lang: Foundations of Analog
and Digital Electronic Circuits, Morgan Kaufmann Series,
Jul 15, 2005
7. Any related web content can possibly be referred
Pre-requests Applied electronics II (ECEG2122)
Semester II
Teaching and learning Lectures supported by tutorials, projects, and laboratory
methods activities
Assessments/ evaluation and Continuous Assessment ( Quiz ,Laboratory work, Project work,
grading systems class activity) 50%, and Final Examination 50%.
155
Gondar University
Course title Object oriented programming
Degree program BSc. In Biomedical Eingineering
ECTS 5
Contact hours per week 5 (2Lec.,3Lab.)
Course objectives and After successfully completed this course, the student should
be able to :

get familiar with different concepts and terminologies in
object oriented programming

understand the difference and relations between classes
and objects

work with pure Object-Oriented Programming Language;
Java, C++ or C#

differentiate between application programs and applet
programs
156

develop some classes of real world objects based on their
behavior and states

know how to create objects from available classes, use
this objects and destroy unused objects

create subclasses of a class and indicate the behaviors and
states of the superclass which are possible to be inherited
by the subclass

come with mechanism of preventing hackers of some
superclass

understand certain skills in web and windows
programming and using graphical user interface

represent complicated real-world/software systems using
simpler model using the Unified Modeling Language
(UML)

make themselves ready for developing software using the
object-oriented paradigm
Course description The main focus of this course is to study and understand the
object oriented programming concepts: objects, classes,
interfaces and packages. In doing so we need to use any object
oriented programming language that helps us to implement the
essential features of object oriented programming, namely
Encapsulation (Information hiding or data abstraction),
Polymorphism and Inheritance. After these basics the course
then aims to help the students understand the nuts and bolts of
a pure object oriented programming language, e.g. JAVA, C++
or C#, by writing some application and applet programs. Then
using any of these languages we need to know how could we
create class, object, interface and package also need to
understand some useful predefined classes, interfaces and
packages. Model real-world objects using their state and
behaviour. Then it deals with web design in HTML and how
could we add some programmable features using Java Applets
into the web page that will help us solve the problem. Finally
to provide a solid foundation for developing software using the
object-oriented paradigm it is important to know the Unified
Modelling Language (UML) and the different class relations
and their UML representation
Course contents 1.Introduction to the OOP paradigm
Comparison between structured / procedural programming
and OOP.
Basic concepts: abstraction, encapsulation, information
hiding.
Program reusability and extensibility
2.Introduction to Java elements
Introduction to the Java development environment
variables and their declaration
157
158
 Introduction to classes and objects
 input/output
 conditional statements and loops
 Arrays
3.Classes and Objects- a deeper look
 Classes, objects
 Methods
 Constructors
 Composition
 The Static and final key words
 Constructors and destructors
 Using the UML class and Composition diagrams

4.Inheritance
 Introduction
 Superclasses and Subclasses
 protected members
 Constructors in Subclasses
5.Polymorphism and Interfaces
 Introduction
 Polymorphic example
 Abstract Classes
 Final Methods and Classes
 Introduction to interfaces
 Abstract Classes implementing interfaces
 Derived interfaces
6.Exception Handling
 Introduction by example
 try- catch mechanism
 Exception classes
 The finally Block
7.GUI and Event Driven Programming
 Introduction
 Overview of Swing Components
 Swing vs .Awt
 Introduction to Event Handling
 Common GUI Even Types and Listener Interfaces
159
160
 Using the swing componens(JButton, JTextfield,
JListetc) 8.Introduction to Object-Oriented Software Design
 Introduction to SW design and development
 Expressing real world entity using a class
 Using UML to express relationship between classes
References
th
1›Java How to Program, 6 edition, H.M.Deitel-
P.J.Deitel, Pearson Education, 2005
‹2›Java: An Introduction to Problem Solving and
th
Programming, 5 ed. W. Savitch and F. Carrano, Prentice
Hall, 2008
th
‹3› Absolute Java, 5 Edition, W.Savitch, Addison
Wesley,2012
Pre-requests Introduction to computer programming (ECEG2151)
Semester II
Teaching and learning Lectures supported by projects, and laboratory activities
methods
Assessments/ evaluation and Continuous Assessment ( Quiz ,Laboratory work, Project work,
grading systems class activity) 50%, and Final Examination 50%.
Gondar University
Course title Computer Architectures and Organization
ECTS 4
Contact hours per week 3 (3Lec.)
Course objectives and Students will understand the basic principles of computer
161
competencies to be acquired architecture, organization, operation and performance.
Course description Organization and architecture of computers; The Central
Processing Unit; The Control Unit; Memory Systems, Main
memory, Cache Memory, Secondary Memory, Input Output
Systems: Input Output devices, modes of transfer, I/O
interface, Techniques used for I/O Operations: Programmed,
Interrupt-driven, Direct Memory
Access; Operating systems;
Course contents  Basic definitions of organization and architecture of
computers
 Basic structure of computers
 Instruction sets
 Input/output organizations
 I/O devices and interrupts
 DMA and I/O hardware
 Computer arithmetic
 Basic processing unit
 Embedded systems
 Computer peripherals
 Processor families
162
Pre-requests Digital logic design (ECEG3152)
Semester II
Status of the course Compulsory Elective
Teaching and learning Lectures with assignments
methods
Assessments/ evaluation and Continuous assessment-50% and Final exam-50%
grading systems
Gondar University
Course title Data communication and computer networks
Module Computer engineering
ECTS 5
Course objectives and The aim of this course is:
competencies to be acquired  To introduce students to networking concepts,
technologies and terminologies.
 To provide basic computer communication and
networking knowledge and lay the foundations for further
courses dealing with different aspects of networking.
Course description Model for data communication; protocols and architectures –
OSI and TCP/IP; issues related to data transmission-encoding,
multiplexing, error and flow controls; Local Area networks -
technology, components and topology; Internetworking –
with TCP/IP, IP Addressing and Network Applications;
Routing, Switching and WAN technologies
Course contents 1.Introduction:
163
Concept of Communication, Communication Model
2.Protocols and Architectures:
Protocol Characteristics, Implementation of protocols, OSI-
ISO 7 Layer, TCP/IP
3.Data Encoding & Transmission:
Digital and Analog Signals, Transmission Media, Encoding
Techniques, Transmission Impairments
4.DLC and Multiplexing:
Error Detection and Control, Flow Control, Multiplexing
5.LAN technologies: ALOHA, Ethernet, Ethernet Standards,
Token Ring
LAN and Its Components: LAN Topology, Repeaters/Hubs,
Bridges/Switches, Routers
164
6.Internetworking: Internetworking concepts – Intranet,
Extranet, Internet, Internetworking with TCP/IP- IP
Addressing, Subnetting, Masking, Network Applications –
Web, Mail, DNS, DHCP
7.Switching and Routing: Circuit Switching, Circuit switching
application, Packet Switching - Virtual Packet Switching,
Datagram Packet Switching, Packet Switching application
Routing in Switched Networks: Introduction to Routing,
Graph Theory - Dijkstra Algorithm, Bellman-Ford Algorithm,
Routing Protocols – Distance Vector, Link State
WAN technologies: ISDN, X.25, Frame Relay, ATM
Pre-requests Digital logic design (ECEG3152)
Semester II
Teaching and learning Lectures with assignments
methods
grading systems
Gondar University
Course title Microprocessor and Interfacing
ECTS 6
Course objectives and After successfully completed this course, the student should
be able to :
165

Get knowledge of the internal architecture of a
microprocessor.

Write efficient codes in both assembly and high level
languages.

Understand and handle interrupts

Use microprocessors to develop controllers and computers

Design and implement microcomputers
Course description The Microcomputers and interfacing course intends in getting

the concepts to the mastering of basic microcontroller and
microcomputers. The discussion of the course will be based
around the 8086 intel-microprocessor. However, this is not
stiff and could be subjected to change. The fact that the 8086
is the considered basic processor architecture, only for those
166
matters will the discussion is based on the microcontroller. The
discussion of the course will begin by introducing the
microcontroller evolution in their historical background. The
art of bringing hardware and software together will be
explored. The two most common computer architectures, the
Reduced Instruction Set Computing (RISC) and the Complex
Instruction Set Computing (CISC) will also be explained. The
overall 8086/8088 architecture with a close look at the register,
memory, bus, and IO organization. Having discussed the
concept of the architecture, the course will then pass to getting
to know with the instruction sets of the 8086. The most
important instruction set will be given emphasis and soon after
that, hardware programing will be taught. The hardware
programming or the storing of a program will take two tours.
The first will be assembly language programming route and the
second will be high level hardware programming. The high
level language programming can take various languages into
the programming task. C and C++ are the most common ones.
Subroutines and interrupts shall be handled in programing to
enable students get the art of real time applications. Next shall
be the skill of interfacing microcontrollers with various
peripherals devices that help bring up real applications. Finally
bringing all things together, students will be made able to
design microcomputers for various devices. This will help them
in developing hardware based controllers in embedded
concepts.
Course contents 1. INTRODUCTION TO MICROPROCESSORS &

COMPUTERS
• History of Microprocessors
• Evolution of the Intel processors
2. THE 8086 MICROCONTROLLER ARCHITECTURE
 Features of 8086
 Architecture of 8086
 Bus Interface Unit (BIU)
 Execution Unit (EU)
 Register Organization
 General purpose registers
 Segment Registers
 Pointers and Index Registers
 Flag Registers
 Bus Operation
 Memory Segmentation
3. 8086 MICROPROCESSOR PROGRAMING &
INSTRUCTION SETS
 8086 Addressing Modes
 Data Addressing Modes
167
 Program Memory Addressing Modes
 Stack Memory Addressing Modes
 Instruction Set of 8086
 Data Movement Instructions
 MOV Instruction
 PUSH/POP Instruction
 Load effective address
 String Data transfer Instructions
 Miscellaneous Data Transfer Instructions
 Arithmetic and Logic Instruction
 Addition
 Subtraction
 Comparison
 Multiplication
 Division
 BCD and ASCII Arithmetic
 BCD Arithmetic
 ASCII Arithmetic
 Basic Logic Instructions
 Shift and Rotate
 Shift
 Rotate
 String Instructions
 program ControlTransfer Instructions
 CALL and RET Instructions
 JMP Instruction
 Conditional Jump
 Iteration Control Instructions
 Process Control Instruction
 External
 Hardware Synchronization Instructions
 Interrupt Instructions
4. Assembly Language Programming
• Some Assembly Language Programs
• Programming with Assembler
• Assembling Process
• Linking Process
• Debugging Process
• Timings and Delays
• Timer Delays using NOP instruction
• Time Delay using COUNTERS
• Timer delays using NESTED Loops
5. 8086 System Configuration
• Signal Description of 8086
168
• Minimum Mode of Operation
• Maximum Mode of Operation
6. INTERFACING
• Basic IO Interfacing
• Parallel I/O
• Programmed I/O
• I/O Port Address Decoding
7. Programmable Peripheral Interface (PPI)
• Programming 8255
• Operation Modes of the 8255
8. Timer Interfacing
• The 8254 Programmable Interval Timer (PIT)
• Serial I/O Interface
• Asynchronous Communication
• Programmable Communication Interface UART 8251
9. Interrupts
• Interrupt Driven I/O
• Software and Hardware Interrupts
• Interrupts vectors and Vector tables
• The 8259A Programmable Interrupt Controller (PIC)
10. Direct Memory Access (DMA)
• Basic DMA Operations
• DMA Controlled I/O
• The 8237 DMA Controller
Pre-requests Computer architecture and organization (ECEG4154)
Semester II
Teaching and learning Lectures with laboratory exercise and projects
methods
grading systems
169
Module 16: Course contents: Basic medical science
Gondar University
Course code Anat2161
Course title Human anatomy
Module Basic medical science
ECTS 4
170
Course objectives and This course enables students
competencies to be acquired  To identify and describe various structures and systems
of the human body including the circulatory, digestive,
respiratory, excretory, reproductive, muscular and
sensory systems
 To identify and compare similarities and differences
between structures in different systems throughout the
Body
 To describe the relationship between various structures
in the human body within the same systems
 To develop a functional knowledge of the gross
anatomy of the human body systems listed in the outline
Course description Focus on the structure, components, tissues and organs of the
human body and their relationships within the circulatory,
digestive, respiratory, excretory, reproductive, muscular and
sensory systems. Structures discussed relate directly to those
in Human Physiology
Course contents Unit 1 :
 Cell structure and Organelles Description
 Circulatory System- Heart, Pericardium, Chambers, Major
Blood Vessels, Blood supply
Unit 2:
 Digestive System - GI Tract, parts, stomach, Intestine
 Liver
 Pancreas
 Respiratory System- Trachea and Lungs
Unit 3:
 Excretory and Uro-genital System – Parts
 Reproductive System –Male and Female Reproductive Organs
 Nervous System – Functions of Neurons, Synapse, Reflexes and

Receptors, Brain, Brainstem, Ventricles and Spinal cord Peripheral
Automatic Nervous System
Unit 4:
 Musculo Skeletal System – Muscle Tissue, Structure of Skeletal
Muscle, Types of Muscle, Types of Joints, Major Muscles of Limbs
and their actions
Unit 5:
 Eye, Ear, Endocrine Glands
References
1. Ranganathan, T.S. “ Text Book of Human Anatomy”,
S.Chand&Co. Ltd., Delhi, 1996
2. Tobin, C.E., “Basic Human Anatomy”, McGraw-Hill

Publishing Co. Ltd., Delhi, 1997
171
3. J.Gibson, “Modern Physiology and Anatomy for
Nurses”, Blackwell SC Publishing 1981.
Pre-requests None
Semester I
Teaching and learning Lectures, Assignment, peer discussion, presentations, and
methods individual study
Assessments/ evaluation and Continuous assessment 50%, Final exam 50%

grading systems
Gondar University
Course code Phsyl2162
Course title Human physiology
ECTS 4
Course objectives and This course enables students:
competencies to be acquired  To describe the relationship of various structures and
organs of human body
 To explain the function of components, tissues and organs
of various physiological systems and how they relate to
the function and survival of the human body
 To make comparisons and identify similarities and
differences between the structure and function of various
physiological structures
172
 The use the concept of bioelectric signals explain the
generation and propagation of information transfer
between cells and tissues
 To be able to explain how biological signals can be
measured and quantified from various systems in the
human body
 To explain the concept of homeostasis and how it relates
to various control systems in the body
 To identify the relationship between various abnormal
conditions and different control systems in the body
Course description General introduction to human physiology, including:
homeostasis; the cell and cell membrane transport; methods
and equipment used to isolate and measure cellular
173
components; body fluid; excitable tissues; autonomic NS (the
course shall give adequate emphasis to bioelectric
phenomenon); blood physiology; cardiovascular physiology,
respiratory physiology; renal physiology; GI physiology; and
CNS. Laboratory sessions will be arranged.
Course contents Unit 1 : Introduction
 The need for biomedical engineers to understand
physiology, Homeostasis, Feedback control systems,
Hierarchy of the human body
Unit 2: Cells and Cell Membrane Transport
 Cell structures and functions, Membrane potentials,
Membrane transport , Nerve cells, Graded and Action
Potentials, Gated Ion Channels
Unit 3: Blood and Cardiovascular System
 Blood Components and blood types, Blood Cells Counts,
Cardiovascular System, Conduction system of the heart,
Cardiac action potentials, Cardiac cycle, blood pressure,
ventricular volume, ECG and interpreting ECG readings
(PQRSTU waves), Relation between mechanical and
electrical activities of the heart, Types of lead and
electrode placement, Enthioven’s vector analysis, Heart
pathology (focus on conduction system)
Unit 4: Muscle Physiology
 Skeletal muscle structure, Mechanism for force generation
in muscle, Mechanics of skeletal muscle control, Physics
of skeletal muscle contraction, Types of skeletal muscle
fibers, Control of skeletal muscle activity
Unit 5: Nerve Cells, Electrical Signaling and Nervous
System
 General Anatomy of the Brain and Nervous System,
Integrated CNS Function: Reflexes, Integrated CNS
Function: Voluntary Motor Control and language,
174
Integrated CNS Function: Sleep, EEG , Integrated CNS
Control: Emotions, motivation, learning and memory
Unit 6: Respiration
 Overview of Respiratory Function, Anatomy of
Respiratory System, Forces for Pulmonary Ventilation,
Factors Affecting Pulmonary Ventilation, Clinical
Significance of Respiratory Volumes and Air Flows,
Spirometry and Pulmonary Function Test
Pre-requests None
Semester I
Teaching and learning Lectures, assignments, peer discussion, presentations, and
175
grading systems
Gondar University
Course code Chem2163
Course title Fundamentals of biochemistry
ECTS 4
Course objectives and This course enables students to:
competencies to be acquired  Apply the general principles of biochemistry to
understand basic cell processes
 Calculate and predict the results of basic
thermodynamic and bioenergetics reactions
 Explain how DNA and cell components are reproduced
faithfully and repeatedly for many generations, and
relate errors in these processes to human disease
including cancer
 Relate cellular and bio molecular structures to
performed cell functions
 Compare and contrast the similarities between structure
and function of different types of biomolecules
 Explain general cell processes relating to how cells
interact with the environment and can respond to signals
Course description This course covers general principles of biochemistry,
thermodynamics, bioenergetics, gene expression and DNA,
proteins, metabolic systems, cell structure, cellular
reproduction, cellular signaling and cell interaction with the
176
environment.
Course contents UNIT I
Biochemistry of living cell, Sub cellular fractionation using the
differential centrifugation method. Function of each organelle
Redox Potential, Oxidative Phosphorylation, Transport of
substances across biological membrane. NUCLEIC ACID:
Composition and Function, Genes, Outline of DNA Structure,
Re-Combinant DNA and its applications.
UNIT II
Enzymes: Chemical Nature, General Properties,
Spectrophotometric measurement of enzymes, Isolation
techniques, Diagnostic enzymes. Enzyme biotechnology.
177
Hormones: Chemical Nature, Properties of hormones,
Hormonal Assay and their Significance.
UNIT III
Carbohydrate – Classification, Metabolism of carbohydrate
and its dysfunction. Uses of Carbohydrates. Lipids:
Classification, Metabolism of lipids, Cholesterol, bile acids,
Transport of lipids, Lipid metabolism dysfunction. Protein:
Classification, Amino acids, Chromatography, electrophoresis
and architecture of protein molecules.
UNIT IV
Liver Function tests, Renal Function Tests, Blood gas Analysis,
Measurement of Electrolytes. Their abnormal and Normal
Values and Conditions. Biochemistry of Urine and Stools
testing.
UNITV
Principles and Application of Photometry, Spectrophotometry,
Flurometry, Flame Photometry, Densitometry, Calorimetry,
Automation in Clinical Laboratory. Use of Isotopes in
Biochemistry.
TEXT BOOK
1. Dr. AmbigaShanmugam, ‘Fundamentals of Bio
Chemistry for Medical Students’, Karthic Printers,
Madras 1997.
References
1. “Cell and Molecular Biology,” 3/e, P. K. Gupta, Rastogi
Publications, Meerut, 2005.
2. “Molecular Cell Biology” Lodish, et al. 4/e 2000. © 2000,
W. H. Freeman and Company
Pre-requests Human physiology (BMEG2172)
Semester II
Teaching and learning Lectures, assignments, peer discussion, presentations, and
178
grading systems
Module 17: Course contents: Introduction to biomedical engineering
Gondar University
179
Course title Introduction to biomedical engineering
Module Introduction to biomedical engineering
ECTS 5
Course objectives and At the end of the module, the student will be able to:
competencies to be acquired  Understand different digital signal processing algorithms
handling of biomedical imaging equipment;
 Understand the different digital image processing
techniques;
Course description The module “Introduction to Biomedical Engineering ”
enables students to understand the history of Biomedical
engineering and some core Biomedical Engineering areas
such as Biomechanics , Bioinstrumentation ,Imaging ,
Bioinformatics; Telemedicine
Course contents  The major role that advances in medical technology
 The application of engineering kinematic relations to
biomechanical problems.
 The role played by rehabilitation engineers and assistive
technologists in the rehabilitation process
 Components of a basic instrumentation system.
 Types of noise in a biomedical instrument systems
 Classifications of biomedical sensors.
 Origins and types of bio signals
 Ionizing radiation as employed for medical imaging,
 Major imaging modalities.
 Telemedicine and its application.
Pre-requests None
180
Semester II
Teaching and learning Lectures, tutorial, project work, peer discussion and problem
methods solving, presentations, and individual study
grading systems
181
Module 18: Course contents: Basic biomedical scienc
182
Gondar University
Course title Bio-physics
Module Basic biomedical science
ECTS 5
Contact hours per week 5 (3Lec.,2Tut)
Course objectives and This course aims to familiarize students with basic principles
competencies to be acquired of physics and specific applications of those principles to
biomedical devices
Course description This course has around 4 basic sections: Electromagnetic wave,
Radiation Physics, sound and Optics and LASER. The topics
that are coved in this course are fundamentals of
electromagnetic waves, optics, sound or ultrasonic energy and
radiation physics. In addition the fundamentals this module
deals with application of these fundamentals in biology and
medicine.
Course contents Chapter 1: Introduction
 Introduction
 Definition of Biophysics
 Relation between physics
 Biology and medicine
 Application areas of physics in medicine and biology
Chapter 2: Electromagnetic waves
 Introduction of Electromagnetic waves
 Wave equation
 Electromagnetic plane and non-planar waves
 Polarization and energy flow (Poynting vector),
 Interaction with materials (conductors and dielectrics)
 Reflection and transmission at interfaces
183
Chapter 3: Radiation physics and ionizing radiation
 Introduction to applied nuclear and atom physics,
 Radioactive decay
 Ionizing and non-ionizing radiation
 Measurement of radiation and units
 Artificial radioactivity
 Radiation interaction with matter
 Biological effects and safety guidelines of radiation
 Instrumentation and protection
 Application of radiation physics in biology and medicine
Chapter 3: Optics and LASER
 Introduction to contemporary optics
 Propagation and guide of light waves
184
 Interaction of Electromagnetic radiation (especially Light)
with tissue and matter
 Measurement and units of light
 Mirrors and lenses
 Introduction to LASER, properties and measurements
 Some application of light AND LASER in biology and
medicine
Chapter 4: Sound or ultrasonic energy
 Introduction to basics of sound
 Properties of sound
 Medium at which sound propagates
 Units and measurements of sound
 Some Principles of sound
 Application of sound in biology and medicine
Pre-requests None
Semester II
Teaching and learning Lecture, Tutorial, term Papers, Project work, Presentation,
methods Assignment and Home study etc.
grading systems
Gondar University
Course title Medical radiation physics
185
ECTS 4
competencies to be acquired of medical radiation physics and their applications in the areas
of diagnostic radiology, nuclear medicine and radiotherapy.
Course description Application of ionizing radiation in diagnostic radiology,
nuclear medicine and radiotherapy; quality assurance
procedures during acceptance testing and commissioning of
radiation emitting machines, quality control and safety
assessment of radioactive machines; Basic features of
diagnostic and radiotherapy machines, Radiobiology: radiation
effect (deterministic and stochastic effects); dosimetery
186
devices: ionization chambers, thermo luminescent dosimeter
(TLD), radiation survey meter, electrometer, phantom.
Relative and absolute dosimetery systems. Shielding
calculation in designing of diagnostic and radiotherapy rooms.
Occupational, public and medical radiation exposure limit;
Basic radiation protection principles.
Course contents 1. Introduction to medical radiation physics
 Basic concepts, application areas, and sources of
ionization radiation
 Radiobiology: radiation effect
 deterministic and stochastic effects
2. Application of ionizing radiation in diagnostic radiology
and radiotherapy.
 Basic features of diagnostic and radiotherapy
machines
 Various types of diagnostic and radiotherapy machines
3. Application of ionizing radiation in nuclear medicine
 Features and Types of diagnostic and radiotherapy
machines
4. Dosimeter devises
 Ionization chamber
Thermo luminescent dosimeter (TLD)
 Radiation survey meter, electrometer and phantom
 Relative and absolute dosimetry systems
5. Radiation protection techniques
 Shielding calculation in designing of diagnostic and
radiotherapy rooms.
6. Quality assurance procedures during acceptance testing
and commissioning of radiation emitting machines
 Occupational, public and medical radiation exposure
limit
7. Quality control and safety assessment of radioactive
187
machines;
 Basic radiation protection principles.
Pre-requests Bio physics (BMEG2181)
Semester I
Teaching and learning Lecture, term Papers, Project work, Presentation, Assignment
methods and Home study etc.
grading systems
Gondar University
188
Course title Bio-optics
ECTS 4
competencies to be acquired of optics and specific applications of those principles for use in
the diagnostic, detection and manipulation of cells and tissues
Course description Fundamental Principles; Diagnostic detection and
manipulation of cells and tissues; optical probing of cellular
processes, and manipulation of cells and tissues; Principles of
lasers and current laser technology, interaction of light with
cells and tissues, and linear and nonlinear optical spectroscopy;
Optical probing methods, Diagnostic detection with various
spectroscopy techniques, bio imaging with optical microscopy
and tomography, optical probes, microarray technology and
nanotechnology; Photodynamic therapy, tissue engineering
with light, and laser tweezers
Course contents 1. Introduction: Fundamental Principles
 Definition of optics
 Characteristics of light
 Diagnostic, detection and manipulation of cells and
tissues with light
 optical probing of cellular processes, and
manipulation of cells and tissues;
2. Principles of lasers and current laser technology,
 Laser definition and characteristics
 Interaction of light with cells and tissues,
 Laser technology
189
3. Optical spectroscopy;
 Optical probing methods,
 Diagnostic and detection with various spectroscopy
techniques,
4. Bio imaging with optical microscopy and tomography,
 Optical probes,
 Microarray technology and nanotechnology;
5. Photodynamic therapy,
 Tissue engineering with light, and laser tweezers
References
1. Modern optical spectroscopy, William W. Parson
2. Principles of optical spectroscopy, 3rd edition
3. Fundamentals of photonics, Saleh BEA
190
Pre-requests Basic biomedical science I module
Semester II
Teaching and learning Lecture, Tutorial, term Papers, Project work, Presentation,
methods Assignment and Home study etc.
grading systems
Module 19: Course contents: Mechanics and biomaterials
Gondar University
Course title Bio fluid mechanics
Module Mechanics and biomaterials
ECTS 4
Course objectives and  To understand concepts, principles, laws, observations
competencies to be acquired and models of fluids at rest and in motion
 Provides a basis for understanding biological fluid
behavior for engineering design and control of fluid
systems.
Course description Property of fluids & viscosity, Hydrostatic pressure,
properties of flow classification including laminar and
turbulent flow.
Application of balances, specifically Bernoulli equation,
conservation of linear momentum and conservation of mass.
Dimensional analysis. Rheology & flow of blood, including:
measurement of blood viscosity, steady and unsteady flow in
191
blood vessels. Low Reynolds number flow, flow of red cells
in capillaries;
Course contents Unit 1- Introduction
Brief history of BFM, Nature of Fluids; Fluid Properties;
Types of Fluids; Viscosity; Pressure and measurements.
Unit 2- Fluid Flow
Basic equations of Fluid flow; Bernoulli’s equation.
Application of conservation of mass & momentum in systems
with fluid flow.
Different types of fluid flows, laminar and turbulent flow,
transition from laminar to turbulent flow, laminar flow-
annulus, laminar flow between parallel plates.
Unit 3- Pressure and Flow in Blood Vessels
192
Friction loss in flow in a tube, velocity distribution of
circulatory system
blood flow in veins and blood flow in capillaries.
Unit 4-Mechanisim of Circulation
Flow properties of blood, effect of shear rate, hematocrit
References
1. Applied Biofluid Mechanics, Lee Waite
2. Biofluid Mechanics: The Human Circulation, Second
Edition by Krishnan B. Chandran
3. Fluid Mechanics With Engineering Applications by E.
Finnemore
Pre-requests Human physiology (BMEG2172) and
Applied mathematics III (Math2061)
Semester I
Teaching and learning Lecture, assignments, Presentation, Assignment and Home
methods study etc.
grading systems
Gondar University
Course title Biomechanics
193
ECTS 4
Course competencies Upon completion of the course students will be able to:
 To understand and be able to apply biomechanical
calculations principles to analyze movements
 To analyze stress and strain given different parameters
 To relate the structure of skeletal, tendon and ligament
structure to movement and function
Course objectives The objectives of this course are to introduce and analyze
biomechanical principles using stress and strain, load and
deformation, and material properties. Though the primary
focus is at the tissue level.
Course contents Statics and Dynamics Review
Structural Analysis
194
Axial Load – elastic and non-elastic behavior (including
visco-elastic behavior)
Materials Properties:
 Stress and Strain of tissues (including bone, tendons,
cartilage)Poisson’s RatioStress-Strain Diagrams
Residual Stresses
Advanced loading
 Torsion – elastic and elastoplastic behavior
 Bending
 Shear-Moment Diagrams
Applications:
 Skeletal Mechanics – mechanical properties of bone,
tendons and ligaments, cartilage
 Orthopedic application: Beds, wheelchairs, crutches,
fixation, basic prostheses
Reference
Mechanics of Materials, 7th edition. ,R.C. Hibbeler, Pearson
Prentice Hall
Pre-requests Bio fluid mechanics (BMEG3191)
Semester II
Teaching and learning Lecture, assignments, Presentation, Assignment and Home
methods study etc.
grading systems
Gondar University
Course title Biomaterials
195
ECTS 4
Contact hours per week 3 (3Lec)
Course objectives and Introduces fundamental concepts of biomaterials. Students
competencies to be acquired learn to consider the biological environment for inert and
biologically-active materials, as well as to identify the
governing features driving the design of biomaterials in many
engineering applications. Using the principles of materials
science and engineering, students design an appropriate
biomaterial for particular engineering applications, using
specified design criteria.
196
Course description Design of biomaterials in many engineering applications.
Using the principles of materials science and engineering,
students design an appropriate biomaterial for particular
engineering applications, using specified design criteria.
Course contents Unit 1: Properties of Biomaterials
Bulk Properties, Atomic Structure, Mechanical Properties,
Mechanical Testing, Surface Properties, Surface
Characterization, Role of Water
Unit 2: Classes of Biomaterials
Metals, Ceramics and Glasses, Bioresorbable, Bioerodable,
Natural and Synthetic Polymers, Hydrogels, Silicon, Pyrolytic
Carbon, Composites, Medical Fibers and Textiles
Unit 3: Host reaction to biomaterials
Biocompatibility, Adsorbed Proteins, Cell Injury, Cell-
Material Interactions, Toxicity, infection, inflammation,
Innate Immune response, Adaptive Immune response,
Foreign-body Response
Unit 4: Biological Testing of Biomaterials
Variability, Cell Culture in vitro Assays, Blood Compatibility
Tests, Polymer Degradation, Biological degradation, Metallic
Corrosion, Ceramic Degradation
Unit 5: Current Applications of Biomaterials Intraocular
Lenses, Sutures, Bone Fixation Device, Dental Implants
References
1. Biomaterials Engineering by Mikos, Temenoff
2. Park, J. B. and Lakes, R. S., Biomaterials, Third
edition, Springer (2007)
3. “Biomaterials Science” Ratner, et al 2/e 2004.
4. B Park, Biomaterials - Science and Engineering,
Plenum Press , 1984.
5. Sujata V. Bhat, Biomaterials, Narosa Publishing
House, 2002.
197
6. C.P.Sharma&M.Szycher, Blood compatible materials
and devices, Technomic Publishing Co. Ltd., 1991.
7. Piskin and A S Hoffmann, Polymeric Biomaterials
(Eds), MartinusNijhoff Publishers. (Dordrecht. 1986)
Pre-requests Fundamentals of biochemistry (BMEG2173) and
Human physiology(BMEG2172)
Semester I
Teaching and learning Lecture and in class activities, small assignments and final
methods exams
grading systems
198
Module 20: Course contents: Therapeutic devices and health care technology management
Gondar University
Course title Principles of therapeutic and diagnostic devices
Module Therapeutic devices and health care technology
management
ECTS 6
Contact hours per week 7 (2Lec.,2Tut.,3Lab)
Course objectives and In order to enable students to understand the basic working
competencies to be acquired principles,designingconceptsandtroubleshooting
phenomena’s of various therapeutic and diagnostic devises
Course description Working principles, designing concepts and troubleshooting
phenomena’s of various therapeutic and diagnostic devices
such as ECG, imaging systems, defbrilirators, anesthesia
machines, dialysis machines, heart lung machines,
ventilators, sucking machines, laboratory equipments, etc.
Normal and abnormal ECG waveform, diagnosis
interpretation, cardiac pacemaker-external pacemaker,
implantable pacemaker, different types of pacemakers,
fibrillation, defibrillator, AC defibrillator, DC defibrillator,
electrodes, synchronised and unsynchronised types. EEG
diagnostic interpretation, recording and analysis of EMG
waveforms.
UNIT II
Heart lung machines - Need for the unit, functioning of bubble,
199
disc type and membrane type oxygenerators, fingerpump, roller
pump, electronic monitoring of functional parameter.
Spirometer, Respiratory volume measurement, pnemograph,
artificial respirator – IPR type, functioning, Pulse Oximetry.
UNIT III
Basic principles of Echo technique, display techniques A, B,
M, D modes, Echo cardiograms, Echo encephalogram,
Ultrasonic applied as diagnostic tool in ophthalmology,
obstetrics and gynaecology. Principles of Dialysis –
Hemodialysis.
UNIT IV
Electrical stimulators: Strength-duration curve, types of
stimulators, an electrodiagnostic / therapeutic stimulator.
Nerve-muscle stimulator: peripheral nerve stimulator,
200
Ultrasonic stimulators, stimulators for pain and relief.
Principles of Cryogenic technique and application,
Endoscopy, Laproscopy, Thermography.
UNIT V
Patient monitoring system – ICU, post operative, ICCU,
single channel telemetry, multichannel telemetry.
Tranmsmission of Biosignals over telephone lines. Digital
central monitoring systems for patient monitoring. Computer
based arrhythmia detection system.
TEXT BOOK:
1. Khandpur R.S, “Handbook of Biomedical
Instrumentation”, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, 1997.
(UNIT III – Chapters 21; UNIT V – Chapters 6, 9)
2. John G. Webster, Medical Instrumentation: Application
and Design, Wiley; 3 edition, August 1997 (UNITS I,
II & IV)
REFERENCES:
1. Joseph J.carr and John M. Brown, “Introduction to
Biomedical equipment technology”, John wiley and
sons, New York, 1997.
Pre-requests None
Semester II
Teaching and learning Lectures supported by tutorials and laboratory activities
methods
Assessments/ evaluation and Continuous assessment 50%
grading systems Final exam 50%
201
Gondar University
Course title Healthcare technology management
Module Therapeutic devices and health care technology
management
ECTS 5
Course objectives and This course has two objectives: First, to manage and evaluate
competencies to be acquired installation of medical equipment, inventory, maintenance
schedule, disposal, utilization and calibration. Secondly, to
learn the economic and financial structure of a hospital, and of
202
the larger healthcare system. The aim of this course is to enable
students to understand and apply the knowledge and skills of
medical equipment management techniques.
Course description The course generally contains basic concepts about the skills
and knowledge’s of medical equipment management
techniques which includes equipment life cycle planning,
inventorymanagement, maintenance planning and
management, details of medical equipment provision,
acquisition, utilization and decommissioning techniques,
international standards related to healthcare technology
management, medical equipment safety and regulations, etc. It
presents the essential tools and methods needed to effectively
manage biomedical medical equipment that plays an essential
role within a health service facility. Improves technologic
orientated management system, develop standard equipment
inventory and introduce scheduled preventive, corrective and
planned maintenance follow ups ,proper and safe disposal,
evaluation and utilization of existing equipment status,
calibration and installation thus avoiding the risk of
malfunction, increase patient safety and satisfaction of medical
staff and third parties, develop equipment warehouse and
inventory management, create environmental friendly working
place among health care professional , so that team effort can
bring about change. This course also covers principles of
organization, organizational structure and functions, history of
hospitals, types of hospitals, recent trends in management of
hospitals, hospital personnel management, markets and
marketing in the health sector, personnel and materials
management and inventory control. This course emphasizes
elementary concepts of health economics and their application
techniques within the health sector, tender and tender analysis,
local and international procurement, and associated laws.
203
Course contents Chapter 1. Introduction to HTM
Chapter 2.Managing installation Process
Chapter 3 Maintenance process & schedule
Chapter 4 Biomedical equipment inventory and data base
techniques and use
Chapter 5 Equipment Calibration and Self-test
Chapter 6 Evaluation and Proper Utilization
Chapter 7 Biomedical Equipment Disposal process and
Implementation
Chapter 8 Planning and Assessment.
Chapter 9 Budgeting and Financing.
Chapter 10 Technology Assessment and Selection
Chapter 11 Procurement and Logistics.
Chapter 12 Installation and Commissioning.
204
Chapter 13 Training and Skill Development
Chapter 14 Operation and Safety
Chapter 15 Decommissioning and Disposal
Pre-requests None
Semester II
Teaching and learning Lectures supported by group discussions, presentations and
methods projects
Module 21: Course contents: Signal processing for biomedical engineering applications
Gondar University
Course title Signals and Systems Analysis
Degree program BSc in biomedical engineering
Module Signal processing for biomedical engineering applications
ECTS 6
Contact hours per week 6 (3Lec.,3 Tut.)
Course objectives and Enable student to understand and apply the representation,
competencies to be acquired classification, characterization and analysis of signals and
systems in time and frequency domains
Course description This course will introduce students to mathematical
descriptions of signals & systems, and mathematical tools for
205
analyzing and designing systems that can operate on signals to
achieve a desired effect. Classification of signals and systems;
signal representation and approximation - orthogonal and basic
functions, Fourier series representation; singularity functions;
convolution - analytical, graphical and numerical
computations; single and a system of ordinary linear
differential equations as applied to network analysis; the
Fourier transform; the sampling theorem; forward and inverse
Laplace transformations - system function and other
applications; forward and inverse Z-transformations and
applications, solving difference equations; introduction to
discrete time Fourier transform (DTFT).
206
Course contents 1.Introduction
Characterization, classification, and
representation/modeling of signals and systems
2. Signal Approximation
Orthogonal/orthonormal and basis functions; error to
signal energies ratio.
3. Fourier Series Representation Signals
Trigonometric & exponential Fourier series, frequency
and power spectrums, error to signal energies ratio.
4. Singularity Functions
The impulse, step and ramp functions; discontinuous
functions.
5. Convolution of Continuous Time Signals
Signals as a continuum of impulses; impulse
responses; analytical, graphical and numerical
evaluation of convolution
6. Modeling of Electrical Systems and Ordinary Linear
Differential Equations (OLDE)
Single and multiple variable OLD equations
7. Fourier Transforms and Inverse Transforms
Properties, energy spectrum, transform theorems,
system functions, the Sampling Theorem
Ideal and real sampling, Nyquist rate.
8. Laplace Transforms and Inverse Laplace Transforms
Properties, relationship between Fourier and Laplace
transforms; system functions;
Partial fraction method, modified power series
methods, evaluations from pole-zero plots; systems
response, solutions to integro-differential equations;
207
9.Z-Transforms and Inverse Transforms
Discrete signals and systems, the Z-transform &
inverse transform; system functions; difference

equations and their solutions
Introduction to Discrete Time Fourier Transform
(DTFT)
References
[1] Signals and Systems, Second Edition, Simon Haykin and

Barry Van Veen, John, Wiley & Sons, 2003
[2] Philip Denbigh: System Analysis and Signal, 1988.
[3] Processing with emphasis on the use of matlab,
Prentice Hall; 1st edition , February 3, 1998

[4] Budak: Passive and Active Network Analysis and
Synthesis, Houghton Mifflin, 1974.
[5] Hazony: Elements of Network Synthesis, Reinhold,
1963.
Pre-requests Applied Mathematics III (Math2061)

Semester I

Teaching and learning Lectures supported by tutorials, assignments, and projects
methods
208
Gondar University
Course title Biomedical signal processing
ECTS 7
Course objectives and At the end of this course, student will be able to:
competencies to be acquired  Understand different digital signal processing algorithms
handling of biomedical signal conditioning equipment;
Course description The student will understand about time-domain representation
and analysis of discrete-time signals and systems; Transform-
domain representation and analysis of discrete-time signals and
systems and their application to different biomedical signals.
Simple signal conversion systems – conversion requirement for
biomedical signals – signal conversion circuits. Discrete
Fourier Transform (DFT) – Properties – circular and sectioned
convolution – Filtering long duration sequences - FFT
computation using DIT and DIF algorithms.
UNIT II
FIR design: Windowing techniques – Need and choice of
Windows – Linear phase characteristics. IIR design: Analog
filter design – Butterworth and Chebyshev approximations;
209
digital design using impulse invariant and bilinear
transformation – Warping, prewarping – Frequency
transformation.
UNIT III
Adaptive filters – Principle noise canceller model – 50 Hz
adaptive cancelling using a sine wave model – Maternal ECG
cancellation in fetal electrocardiography – ECG cancellation in
EMG recording – High frequency noise cancellation in Electro
surgery. Signal averaging – Basics and limitations.
UNIT IV
EEG signal characteristics – EEG analysis - time and frequency
domain methods – Parametric model – Phenomenological
model – linear prediction theory – Autoregressive method.
UNIT V
ECG QRS detection Techniques – Estimation of R-R interval –
Estimation of ST segment inclination – Arrhythmia analysis
monitoring – Long term ECG recording – Basics of ECG data
reduction techniques.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. DC Reddy, Biomedical Signal Processing – Principles and
Techniques, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing company Ltd.,
2005 (UNITS III,IV & V)
2. P.RameshBabu, “Digital Signal Processing”, Second
Edition, Scitech publications, Chennai, 2003 (UNITS I &
II)
REFERENCES:
1. Willis J.Tompkins, Biomedical Digital signal processing,
Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Litd., 2000
2. Biomedical Signal Analysis A case study approach by
RangarajM.Rangayyan, John Wiley publications.
Pre-requests Signals and systems analysis (BMEG3211
210
Semester II
Teaching and learning Lectures supported by tutorials, laboratory activities and
methods projects
Gondar University
211
Course title Digital image processing
ECTS 75
Course objectives and At the end of this course students will be able to:
competencies to be acquired  Understand the different digital image processing
techniques;
Course description Introduction to Digital Image Processing, Human visual system
and Visual Psychophysics, digital image fudamentals with
Matlab; Image acquisition, camera, sampling theory, image
resizing, color fundamentals, color models; Histogram
processing, contrast and brightness adjustment;
Arithmetic/logic operation, Spatial filtering, contrast
enhancement, edge sharpening; 2D Fourier transform,
Frequency domain processing, ringing artifact, pixel
operations, geometric processing; Image restoration,
denoising, deblurring; Image segmentation, Edge detection,
edge, linking, hough transform, thresholding; Region based
segmentation,watershedsegmentation,motion-based
segmentation; Morphological image processing; Multi-
resolution processing, discrete wavelet transform; Elements of
information theory, Lossless and Lossy coding, Huffman
coding, arithmetic coding, run-length coding; Image and video
compression standards:
Digital image fundamentals - Digital Image through scanner,
digital camera. Concept of gray levels. Gray level to binary
image conversion. Sampling and quantization. Relationship
between pixels. Imaging Geometry.
212
UNIT II
Image Transforms 2-D FFT , Properties. Walsh transform,
Hadamard Transform, Discrete cosine Transform, Haar
transform, Slant transform, Hotelling transform. Image
enhancement Point processing. Histogram processing. Spatial
filtering.
UNIT III
Enhancement in frequency domain, Image smoothing, Image
sharpening. Colour image processing : Psedocolour image
processing, full colour image processing. Image Restoration
Degradation model, Algebraic approach to restoration, Inverse
filtering, Least mean square filters, Constrained Least Squares
Restoration, Interactive Restoration.
UNIT IV
213
Image segmentation Detection of discontinuities. Edge linking
and boundary detection, Thresholding, Region oriented
segmentation.
UNIT V
Image compression Redundancies and their removal methods,
Fidelity criteria, Image compression models, Source encoder
and decoder, Error free compression, Lossy compression.
TEXT BOOK :
1. Digital Image processing – R.C. Gonzalez & R.E.
Woods, Addison Wesley/ Pearson education, 2nd
Education, 2002.
REFERENCES :
1. Fundamentals of Digital Image processing – A.K.Jain ,
PHI.
2. Digital Image processing using MAT LAB – Rafael C.
Gonzalez, Richard E Woods and Steven
L. Edition, PEA, 2004.
3. Digital Image Processing – William K. Pratt, John
Wilely, 3rd Edition, 2004.
4. Fundamentals of Electronic Image Processing – Weeks Jr.,
SPIC/IEEE Series, PHI.
Pre-requests Biomedical signal processing
Semester II
Teaching and learning Lectures supported by laboratory activities, tutorials and
methods projects.
Module 22: Course contents: Biomedical instrumentation
214
Gondar University
Course title Biomedical instrumentation I
Module Biomedical instrumentation
ECTS 7
Course objectives and This course seeks to:
competencies to be acquired  Enable students to understand the basic science of
instrumentation, measurement and standards.
215
 Enable students to know about the characteristics of
different types of bio transducers, biosensors and
amplifiers
Course description Terminologies associated with instrumentation, measurement,

and standards, in general, as applied biomedical engineering, in
particular. The knowledge behind various types of bio
transducers, sensors and amplifiers. The working principle and
interfacing mechanisms of ECG, EEG,EMG,ETC.
Generalized scheme of a measurement system – basic methods
of measurements- Errors in measurements –types of errors-
Statistical analysis of measurement data-mean – probability of
errors – Gaussian distribution – probable error - limiting errors.
Reliability of measurement systems – failure rate – reliability
improvement, Availability, redundancy, choice of components
and materials. Different types of noises in measurements and
its Suppression methods.
UNIT II
Static characteristics of instruments – accuracy, precision,
sensitivity, linearity, resolution, hysterisis, threshold, input
impedance, loading effect – generalized mathematical model of
measurement systems – dynamic characteristics – Modeling of
Transducers – operational transfer function – zero, first and
second order instruments – impulse, step, ramp and frequency
response of the above instruments-techniques for dynamic
compensation.
UNIT III
Transducers - Classification, selecting of transducers, circuit
based on transduction. Temperature transducers –
Displacement transducer - Pressure transducer - catheter tip
transducers. Photoelectric transducers - Flow transducers -
Piezoelectric transducers and their applications.
UNIT IV
Electrocardiogram (ECG), Electroencephalogram (EEG),
Electromyogram (EMG), Electrooculogram (EOG),
Electroretinogram (ERG), Recording Electrodes – Electrode-
tissue interface, polarization, skin contact impedance, motion
artifacts, Silver-Silver Chloride electrodes, Electrodes for
ECG, Electrodes for EEG, Electrodes of EMG, Electrical
conductivity of electrode jellies and creams, microelectrodes,
Needle electrodes.
UNIT V
Biosensors Chemoreceptors, hot and cold receptors, baro
receptors, sensors for smell, sound, vision, osmolality and taste.
Transducers for the measurement of ions and dissolved gases.
216
Ion exchange membrane electrodes - Measurement of pH -
Glass pH electrodes. Measurement of pO2, Measurement of
pCO2. ISFET for glucose, urea.

Textbooks:
1. A.K.Sawhney, “A Course in Electrical and Electronic
measurements and Instruments”, Dhanpat Rai and
Sons, 2000. (UNIT I, II)
2. Leshie Cromwell, Fred. J. Weibell and Erich. A. Pfeiffer,
“Biomedical Instrumentation and Measurements”, 2nd
Edition, PHI, 2003. (UNIT III, IV)
and Design, 3rd edition, John Wiley & Sons, New
York, 1998. (UNIT V)
Pre-requests Applied electronics II (ECEG2122)

Semester I
methods projects.
Gondar University
Course title Biomedical instrumentation II
Module Biomedical instrumentation
217
ECTS 7
Course objectives and Enable students to understand the Data acquisition,
competencies to be acquired measurement, processing and analysis techniques of various
biomedical instruments.
Course description The Data acquisition, measurement, processing and analysis
techniques of various biomedical instruments.
Characteristics of various biomedical instruments related to
their data acquisition mechanism
Analytical equipments used in clinical environment - Beer-
Lambert's Law in spectrometry. UV, visible and infra-red
218
spectrophotometers. Blood cell counters- methods - Coulter
Counters- automatic recognition and differential counting-
audiometers – Automated Biochemical Analyzer – components
– sampler control units – Sampling mechanisms – Flow
injection analysis technique.
UNIT II
ECG Machines .Holter monitoring. Exercise systems.
Measurement and application of average auditory evoked
potential, visual evoked potential - magneto encephalogram -
principles and measurements - Myoelectric control - Clinical
applications of electrotherapy, short wave diathermy,
ultrasonic diathermy, microwave diathermy, surgical
diathermy unit, IR lamps, UV lamps.
UNIT III
X-Ray – Fluoroscopy - Computed tomography - Principles of
sectional imaging - scanner configuration - data acquisition
system - image formation principles - 2D image reconstruction
techniques. Radio isotope imaging - Rectilinear scanners, linear
scanners - SPECT - PET - Gamma Camera Radio nuclides for
imaging, Emission Computed Tomography,
UNIT IV
Physics of Ultrasound – Ultrasound Instrumentation –
Doppler, Magnetic Resonance Imaging - Principles of MRI –
pulse sequence- image acquisition and reconstruction
techniques – MRI instrumentation – Functional MRI -
Application of MRI. Introduction to Fusion imaging.
UNIT V
Physiological effects of electrical currents, macroshock and
microshock, preventive measures to reduce shock hazards,
Leakage current, isolation of patient circuits, safety of
electrically susceptible patients, radiation hazards and safety,
shielding, open ground problem and earthing methods.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. R. S. Khandpur, Biomedical Instrumentation
Technology and Applications, McGraw-Hill
Professional, 2004 (UNIT I, II)
2. Raja Rao, C; Guha, S.K, Principles of Medical

Electronics and Biomedical Instrumentation, Orient
Longman Publishers (2000) (UNIT III, IV & V)
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. R.Anandanatarajan, “Biomedical Instrumentation”, PHI
Learning, 2009.
and Design, 3rd edition, John Wiley & Sons, New
York, 1998.
219
Pre-requests Biomedical instrumentation I
Semester II
methods projects.
Module 23: Course contents: Biomedical imaging systems
Gondar University
Course title Biomedical imaging and sensing systems
Module Biomedical imaging systems
ECTS 4
Course objectives and This course is a practical introduction to biomedical imaging
competencies to be acquired equipment and it will enable students to
 Learn the different methods and modalities used for
medical imaging
 Know the preferred medical imaging methods for routine
clinical applications.
 Apply these tools to different problems in medical
imaging and Implement methods to analyze medical
images.
Course description Topics include: image reconstruction in computed tomography
and magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography,
scintillation, nuclear and X-ray radiography, magnetic
resonance imaging, ultrasound and ultrasonic imaging, medical
radiology. Detailed examination of the four main areas of
medical imaging: Nuclear Medicine and Positron Emission
Tomography, Ultrasound, Diagnostic Radiology, Magnetic
Resonance. A working knowledge of signal analysis and linear
algebra is desirable. Facility with a high-level programming
language is recommended.
Course contents UNIT-I.ULTRASONICS Medical imaging modalities -
Ultrasonic -Physics of ultrasound - Principles of image
formation - Capture and display, principles of A-Mode, B-
Mode, M-Mode. scan converters, frame grabbers. Single line
andmulti line monitoring of ultrasound displays. In-depth
220
understanding of principle of operation, purpose, application
area and associated circuits with Ultrasound.
UNIT-II.X-RAY IMAGING Principles and production of
soft X- rays and hard x rays, Details of radiographic and
fluoroscopic images in X-Ray systems. Screen-film and
image intensifier systems-different generation of x-rays. In-
depth understanding of principle of operation, purpose,
application area and associated circuits with x-ray machine.
Introduction to high-frequency generator, mA testing tools
and quality assurance kit, protecting closes and personal
dosimeters.
UNIT-III.CT SCANNING Evolution of CT Machines - CT
image formation - Conversion of X-Ray data into scan image.
Mathematical details of various algorithms. Spiral CT,
Transverse Tomography, CT Angiography
UNIT-IV.MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING Image
acquisition in magnetic resonance imaging - T1, T2, proton
density weighted images, spin-echo technique and spin
relaxation technique. Artifacts in imaging. Various types of
pulse sequences for fast acquisition of imaging. NMR
spectroscopy,FMRI.
UNIT-V.OTHER IMAGING TECHNIQUES Application
Of Radioisotopes, PET Scanner-Principles, SPECT,
Computer techniques in fast acquisition - Data manipulation
Principles of Digital subtraction angiography. Electronic
radiography, picture storage and archiving systems in medical
imaging, Infrared imaging,- Thermography, Clinical
applications of thermography, liquid crystal thermography.
References:
1. “Handbook of Biomedical Instrumentation,” R. B.
Khandpur, Prentice-Hall of India, 2001.
2. Webb, S., The Physics of Medical Imaging, AdernHilger,
Bristol & Philadelphia
221
3. Hay.B.A. Edtd., Medical Images, Formation, Perception
and Measurement , John Wiley
4. “Handbook of Computer Mission & Applications,” vol. 1,
Scanners & Imaging,”
5. “vol.3, Systems & Applications,” B. J. Horst-Becker &
Peter Geibler, Academic Press, 1989.
Pre-requests Biomedical instrumentation II (BMEG3222)
Semester I
Teaching and learning Lectures supported by hospital visits, assignments, Individual
methods study, and projects.
222
Module 24: Course contents: Biomedical design
Gondar University
Course title Biomedical system designing and prototyping
Degree program BSc. In biomedical engineering
Module Biomedical design
ECTS 3
Contact hours per week 5 (1Tut., and 4 Lab.)
Course objectives and After successful completion of the course, students are
competencies to be acquired expected to be able to:
 Develop basic drawings using AutoCAD.
 Analyze engineering problems using MATLAB.
 Simulate analog electronics circuits using Proteus or
LabVIEW software.
 Explain the concept of prototyping and how it is
necessary in the design process
 Synthesize skills from other courses to develop
prototypes
 Prototype as will be required in Appropriate technologies
 Distinguish the type of prototyping necessary for a
particular purpose (e.g. phase of design process)
 Select the appropriate tools and materials necessary to
construct a prototype
 Communicate and document a design effectively
 Evaluate the performance of a prototype
Course description This course introduces students to software critical to BME
design, engineering analysis, and basic research. Students will
learn to effectively and appropriately use CAD, MatLab, and
LabView (or Proteus) software in a project-based format.
Projects are focused on Biomedical applications such as
developing CAD drawings of components of medical devices,
MatLab models of physiologic systems, etc. This course
synthesizes skills from previous courses and prepares students
with the prototyping skills necessary for effective medical
device design. Students will learn to build mechanical and
electrical prototypes in a project-based format, test these
prototypes, and communicate their results. It also includes
design methodologies and examination of specific medical
devices such as surgical equipment, orthopedic devices,
rehabilitation engineering, life support, artificial organs. Case
223
224
studies; Students are guided through the open-ended, real-
world, design process starting with the project definition,
specification development, management, team interactions
and communication, failure and safety criteria, progress
reporting, marketing concepts, documentation and technical
presentation of the final project outcome. The course will
include a significant writing component that will make use of
computers, and hands-on design explorations.
Course contents Section I: Basic software applications
1. Introduction to CAD
 Introduction to Basic CAD software:
 CAD window;
 Setting up of a new drawing;
 Working with an existing CAD files;
 Basic Drawing & Editing Commands:
 Drawing Lines, circles and circular arcs;
 Drawing polygons;
 Drawing Curves (Sketch);
 Creating regions; Hatching areas
 Best Practices of CAD
 Text Annotation and Dimensioning:
 Adding text to drawing;
 Adding Dimensions
 Introduction to 3D Drawings:
 Working in 3D;
 Solid modeling;
2. Introduction to Programming in MATLAB
 Introduction to MATLAB IDE
 Matlab Basics
 Scripts, Making & manipulating variables
 Basic plotting
 Reading/Writing Data from/to a File
 Visualization & Programming
 Function
 Flow control
 Line & Surface Plot
 vectorization
 Solving Equations & Curve fitting

 Linear Algebra
 Polynomials
 Curve fitting
Simulating physiological systems using Simulink
Discuss testing and validation of models from Physiological

Modeling course
225
3. Simulation and manipulation of Electronic circuits
 Introduction to Proteus/LabView IDE
 Analogue simulation using Proteus/LabView
 Reading and processing data from a physical circuit
Designing a Schema Using ISIS professional Section
II: Designing and prototyping
This section provides a brief overview of each of the following
skills, along with 3-5 projects requiring application of each
skill/knowledge below. Because of the project-based nature of
the course, concepts do not need to be covered in a particular
order, but should be taught as needed (just in time). All
“General Understanding” topics should be covered. Practical
skills that are covered and practiced should include those
suggested below, but not all are required.
General Understanding:
4. Design process, especially:
 Concept generation or design selection
 Procurement and specifications
 Prototype
 Test
 Redesign
5. Importance of prototyping
 Strategic prototyping and minimum viable prototype
6. Types of prototyping:
 Mock
 Proof-of-concept
 Functional
 Ergonomic
 Progression of prototypes with successive iterations
7. Case study:
 Examination of specific medical devices such as surgical
equipment, orthopedic devices, rehabilitation engineering,
life support, artificial organs.
Students will develop prototypes that use most of the
following mechanical, electrical and electromechanical
skills:
Practical Mechanical Skills:

1) Measurement
2) Quick drawings and sketches
3) Drilling (power tool and drill press)
4) Cutting (hand saw and band saw)
5) Milling
6) Basic casting
7) Welding
8) Finishing, sanding, and filing
226
9) Fasteners (nails, screws, hinges), tapes, glues, and epoxies
Practical Electrical Skills:

1) Prototyping on breadboard and stripboard
2) Power supply integration
3) Simple PIC/Microprocessor programming
Practical Electromechanical Skills:

1) Integration of motors
2) Sensors and Actuators
Pre-requests Mechanical workshop (MEng1053), Electrical workshop
practice (ECEG2112), Introduction to computer
programming (2151), Applied electronics II (Math1032)
Semester I
Teaching and learning Project-Based Learning (small lecture or tutorial, with most
methods of time spent on projects and laboratory activities)
Assessments/ evaluation and Mini-projects --------------------50%
grading systems Reports----------------------- 50%
Module 25: Course contents: Semester project
Gondar University
Course title Semester project
Module Semester project
ECTS 4
Course objectives and At the end of the course, the student will be able to:
227
competencies to be acquired  Develop capability of team work.
 Apply the course that the students are taking to solve
simple real world problems.
Course description and Students will do a Semester project or a mini project that helps
contents them as an input for their final BSc thesis work. A maximum
number of three students can work on a group project topic
under the supervision of faculty advisor or/and professional
advisor from the hospital/research institute. The Semester
project will help the students to integrate what they have
learned in four years to solve a simple real world problem
involving biomedical engineering, while bringing in creative
228
abilities and problem solving skills. The experience will also
enhance the skill of graduates in report writing, and
documentation and presentation.
Pre-requests None
Semester II
Teaching and learning Practical work with presentation
methods
Assessments/ evaluation and Continuous assessment with graded progress assessment
grading systems (60%) and final presentation (40%).
Module 26: Course contents: Internship
Gondar University
Course title Industry Internship
Module Internship
ECTS 30
Contact hours per week 20 (20 Tut.)
Course objectives and In order to enable students to
competencies to be acquired  Observe the working environments of biomedical
engineers
 Experience practical skills
problem.
Course description and Students will engage in real biomedical engineering working
contents areas such as hospitals, private biomedical engineering
service giving sectors, etc. for one semester. During their
229
stay, they will observe the situation of the real environment,
experience skills, find out a problem related to their field, and
try to find an engineering solution to those problems
Pre-requests None
Semester I
methods
Assessments/ evaluation and Continuous assessment with graded progress assessment (60%) and
grading systems final presentation (40%).
230
Module 27: Course contents: BSc thesis
Gondar University
Course title BSc thesis
Module BSc thesis
ECTS 12
Course objectives and At the end of the course, the student will be able to:
competencies to be acquired  Develop capability of team work.
 Apply their knowledge to solve real world problems.
Course description and The BSc thesis is the final element of the study program. A
Contents maximum number of three students can work on a group thesis
topic under the supervision of faculty advisor or/and
professional advisor from the hospital/research institute. The
B.Sc. thesis will help the student to integrate what he has
learned in five years to solve a real world problem involving
biomedical engineering, while bringing in creative abilities and
problem solving skills. The experience will also enhance the
skill of graduates in report writing, and documentation and
presentation.
Pre-requests Semester project (BMEG4251)
Semester II
Methods
Assessments/ evaluation and Continuous assessment with graded progress assessment
grading systems (60%) and final presentation (40%).
231
Module 28: Course contents: Elective
Gondar University
Course title Mathematical modeling for biomedical engineering
applications.
232
Module BMED-M4251 (Digital Signal and Image Processing)
Course code BMED-4251
Course name Digital Signal Processing
Course ECTS 5 Credit hour Cr.Hr 3
Pre requisite BMED-M4241 (Biomedical Instrumentation and Imaging Module)
Co requisite None
Time-domain representation and analysis of discrete-time
signals and systems; Transform-domain representation and
Course description
analysis of discrete-time signals and systems; Discrete-time
system realization; DTFT and FFT algorithms; Design of
Discrete-time systems; Decimation and Interpolation;
Introduction to discrete-time random signals; Lab Exercise:-
Matlab Programming of Signals and Systems; DFT and FFT
Applications; Random Signal Generation and Measurements;
Course references Textbook:
A. Oppenheim and Schafer, “Discrete-time Signal
Processing”, Prentice Hall.
References:
S. J. Orfanidis, “Introduction to Signal Processing”,
Prentice Hall
J. G. Proakis and D. G. Manolakis, “Introduction to Digital
Signal Processing”, Macmilan Publishing Company.
V. K. Ingle and J. G. Proakis, “Digital Signal Processing
Using Matlab V.4”, PWS Publishing Company.
Teaching/learning Lectures, tutorials, assignments and MATLAB exercises
method
Assessment Continuous assessment with graded assignments, tests
Evaluation projects (50%) and final examination (50%)
Module BMENG-M5183 (Professional Ethics & Entrepreneurship )

Course code BMENG-5181
Course name Engineering and medical ethics
Course ECTS 2 Credit hour Cr.Hr 1
Pre requisite Senior standing
Co requisite None
Part I: Engineering Ethics The part stresses ethical theories
Course description
and analysis and their application to issues in the practice of
engineering, such as safety and liability, professional
responsibility to clients and employers, codes of ethics, legal
obligations, environmental issues, and social issues. Through
the use of case studies, the course emphasizes developing
independent ethical sensitivity and a moral imagination.
Part II: Medical Ethics In this part of the course, ethical issues
in medicine and the life sciences will be analyzed and discussed
from the perspective of the patient/practitioner relationship;
Traditional and current problems in medical ethics will be
233
examined in a two-fold manner, involving both the presentation of the facts
involved with each issue and theanalysis of related cases; For case analysis,
the course willpresent a model for decision making based on
ethicalpersonality that strives for consensus by applying ethical
principles that flow out of our common human nature. The
central goal of this class is to help the student become a
morally reflective member of society.
Course references
Teaching/learning Lecture supported by assignments, presentations;
method
Assessment Continuous assessment with graded assignments, tests
Evaluation Projects (50%) and final examination (50%)
Department of Biomedical Engineering

University of Gonder, Institute of Technology
Course Code BMEg3151
Course Title Bioinstrumentation I
Degree Program B.sc in Biomedical Engineering
Module Core Biomedical Module
Module Coordinator N.N.
Lecturer N.N.
ECTS Credits 5
Contact Hours (per 4 (2L+2T)
week)
Course Objectives & Objective: The student should learn in depth the principle of operation and
Competences to be associated inputs/outputs of the selected medical devices. Students should know
Acquired and understand related testing tools. Students should have a conceptual
knowledge of the engineering principles of the device, as well as practical
knowledge of how to use and trouble-shoot the device. A general overview of
safety, as well as the safety of each device should be covered. Each chapter should
entail approximately 3-4 lectures and should be timed to precede the respective
laboratory session in Bioinstrumentation Lab I.
Course Topics to be covered:
Description/Course 1. Optics
Contents 2. Electro-mechanical
Equipment to be covered:
234
1. Centrifuge
2. Suction machine
3. Autoclave
4. Microscope
5. Keratometer
6. Electrosurgical Unit
7. Corresponding bio-medical testing instruments
Course Outline I. Unit I:
a. In depth understanding of optics (physics)
b. In depth understanding of electro-mechanics devices and
components including associated electromagnetic principles. Eg:
Relays, solenoids, contractor, mechanical timers
c. Describe electric components for speed control (Traic, SCR, …)
II. Unit II – Safety and Troubleshooting Process
a. Safety – Need to include safety standards, shock, accident
prevention, leakage current, biohazard safety, etc.
b. International standards – current national standards agencies,
mandatory standards, and interpretation and implementation of
necessary standards
c. Power quality – grounding, frequency, voltage, & why these
matter for equipment
d. Environmental conditions – humidity, temperature, dust
e. Note: safety (general and specific) should also be covered for each
specific equipment
III. Unit III – Troubleshooting Process
a. Definition, purpose, and composition of the Troubleshooting
process, including
i. Preparation
ii. Step 1: Observation
iii. Step 2: Define the Problem Area
iv. Step 3: Brainstorm Possible Causes
v. Step 4: Rank Probable Causes
vi. Step 5: Test and Repair
vii. Follow-up
b. Application of troubleshooting
IV. Unit IV:
a. In depth principle, purpose, safety, usage of centrifuge
b. Introduction to testing instruments for centrifuge (eg. Taco meter,
timer)
V. Unit V:
a. In depth principle, purpose, usage of suction machine
b. Introduction to testing instruments for suction machine
VI. Unit VI:
a. In depth principle, purpose, safety, usage of autoclave
b. Introduction to testing instruments for autoclave
VII. Unit VII
a. In depth principle, purpose, safety, usage of microscope
b. Introduction to testing instruments for microscope
VIII. Unit VIII
a. In depth principle, purpose, safety, usage of keratometer
b. Introduction to testing instruments for keratometer
IX. Unit IX
a. In depth principle of operation, purpose, application area and
usage of electrosurgical unit.
b. Introduction to testing instruments for electrosurgical unit.
Pre-requisites ECEg 2113: Applied Electronics II

235
Co-requisite BMEg 3152: Bioinstrumentation Lab I
Semester V
Status of Course Compulsory
Teaching & Learning Lecture
Methods
Assessment/Evaluation Quizzes& Assignments--------------------30%
& Grading System Mid-Exam ----------------------------------- 25%
Final Exam-----------------------------------35%
Attendance & Class activities ------------10%
Attendance Minimum 100%
Requirements
Literature WHO. Maintenance and Repair of Laboratory, Diagnostic Imaging, and Hospital
Equipment.
Robert Malkin. Medical Instrumentation in the Developing World. Engineering
World Health
Medical Equipment Maintenance Manual: A first line maintenance guide for end
users. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, New Delhi.
Selected Device User and Service Manuals

Course Title Bioinstrumentation LabI
Lecturer N.N.
ECTS Credits 2
Contact Hours (per week) 3 Lab
Course Objectives & The lab course should be hands-on, and give students practice using and repairing the
Competences to be equipment. Trouble-shooting should be practiced in this course. Students should read
Acquired schematic/block, circuit, and mechanical drawings of the devices; read and use related
operational manuals; and trouble-shoot 3 or more problems with each device. The
laboratory sessions should be timed to come immediately following the respective
lectures in Bioinstrumentation I. Thus laboratory sessions should be planned for
approximately every other week. No more than 10 students should use the same piece
of equipment at the same time. A recommended 6 or fewer students should be on one
piece of equipment at the same time.
Course In this course students will learn to operate, configure, troubleshoot, and repair
Description/Course centrifuges, suction machines, autoclaves, microscopes, keratometers, and
Contents electrosurgical units, as well as cover safety.
Course Outline I. Lab I:
a. Experiment procedure
b. Experiment with relays, solenoids, contractors, mechanical timers
c. Experiment with SCR, Triacs to control DC/motor or similar loads
d. Repair tools, including soldering & engineering tool bags
e. Safety equipment, grounding
II. Lab II
a. Troubleshoot and repair faulty centrifuge (read schematic diagram,
datasheets, operating/service manuals…)
236
b. Test and adjust repair centrifuge using appropriate testing instruments
(tachometer, timer…)
III. Lab III
a. Troubleshoot and repair faulty suction machine (read schematic
diagram, datasheets, operating/service manuals…)
b. Test and adjust repair suction machine using appropriate testing
instruments
IV. Lab IV
a. Troubleshoot and repair faulty autoclave (read schematic diagram,
b. Test and adjust repair autoclave using appropriate testing instruments
V. Lab V
a. Troubleshoot and repair faulty microscope (read schematic diagram,
b. Test and adjust repair microscope using appropriate testing
instruments
VI. Lab VI
a. Troubleshoot and repair faultykeratometer(read schematic diagram,
b. Test and adjust repair keratometer using appropriate testing
instruments
VII. Lab VII
a. Troubleshooting and repair of faulty electrosurgical unit
b. Test and adjust repaired electrosurgical unit
Pre-requisites ECEg 2113: Applied Electronics II

Co-requisite BMEg 3151: Bioinstrumentation I
Semester V
Methods
Assessment/Evaluation & Lab Reports ----------------------------------60%
Grading System Attendance & Class activities -------------20%
Practical Exam-------------------------------20%
Attendance Requirements Minimum 100%
Equipment.
Robert Malkin. Medical Instrumentation in the Developing World. Engineering World
Health

Course Title Bioinstrumentation II
Lecturer N.N.
ECTS Credits 5
237
Contact Hours (per 4 (2 Lecture + 2 Tutorial)
week)
Course Objectives & Objective: The student should learn in depth the origin of biosignals (bio-
Competences to be electricity). Students learn the principles of operation and associated science and
Acquired technology such as medical electronics, thermodynamics and fluid mechanics.
The student should learn in depth the principle of operation and associated
inputs/outputs of the selected medical devices. Students should know and
understand related testing tools. Students should have a conceptual knowledge of
the engineering principles of the device, as well as practical knowledge of how to
use and trouble-shoot the device. Safety of each device should be covered. Each
chapter should entail approximately 3-4 lectures (except chapter 1) and should be
timed to precede the respective laboratory session in Bioinstrumentation Lab II.
Course Topics to be covered:
Description/Course 1. Electronics
Contents 2. Thermodynamics
3. Fluid mechanics
4. Chemistry for engineering
Equipment to be covered:
 Patient Monitors/ECG
 Dental Unit
 Oxygen concentrator
 Anesthesia
 Ventilator
 Chemistry machine/hematology
 Corresponding biomedical testing instruments
Course Outline I. Unit I - Bioelectric signals and sensing (5-6 lectures)
a. Review of electrical biosignals:
II. Review of ioelectric amplifiers and filters: Unit II
a. In depth understanding of thermodynamics
b. In depth understanding of fluid mechanics
c. Understanding of biomedical testing instrument as applied for
bio-instrumentation II (eg. Flow-meter (gauge), ECG simulator,
safety analyzer,…)
d. In depth understanding of organic chemistry
i. Protein, glucose, etc.
III. Unit III
a. In depth understanding of principle of operation, purpose,
application area of patient monitor/ECG
IV. Unit IV
application area of dental unit
V. Unit V
application area of oxygen concentrator
VI. Unit VI
application area of anesthesia
VII. Unit VII
application area of Ventilators
VIII. Unit VIII
application area and associated circuits with chemistry
machine/hematology.
Pre-requisites BMEg 3151: Bioinstrumentation I

BMEg 3152: Bioinstrumentation I Lab
238
Co-requisites BMEg 3154: Bioinstrumentation II Lab
Semester VI
Methods
Assessment/Evaluation Quizzes &Assignments --------------------30%
& Grading System Mid-Exam -------------------------------------25%
Final Exam------------------------------------35%
Attendance & Class activities -------------10%
Requirements
Equipment.
World Health

Course Title Bioinstrumentation Lab II
Lecturer N.N.
ECTS Credits 2
Contact Hours (per 3 (3 Lab)
week)
Course Objectives & The lab course should be hands-on, and give students practice using and
Competences to be repairing the equipment. The skills developed in Trouble-shooting I should be
Acquired practiced in this course. Students should read schematic/block, circuit, and
mechanical drawings of the devices; read and use related operational manuals;
and troubleshoot 3 or more problems with each device. The laboratory sessions
should be timed to come immediately following the respective lectures in
Bioinstrumentation II. Thus laboratory sessions should be planned for
approximately every other week. No more than 10 students should use the same
piece of equipment at the same time. A recommended 6 or fewer students should
be on one piece of equipment at the same time.
Course In this course students will learn to operate, configure, troubleshoot, and repair
Description/Course dental unit, patient monitor, ECG, anesthesia, ventilators, oxygen concentrator,
Contents and chemistry machine/hematology, as well as cover safety
Course Outline I. Lab I
a. Experiment procedure
b. Experiment with comparators, operational amplifiers, electronic
circuits in association with pressure, flow sensors
II. Lab II
a. Troubleshooting and repair faulty patient monitor and ECG (read
or draw schematic diagram, use datasheet, service and operational
manuals)
239
b. Test and adjust repaired patient monitor and ECG using
appropriate testing instrument
III. Lab III
a. Construct and test an ECG circuit (and use it to measure heart
rate)
IV. Lab IV
a. Troubleshooting and repair faulty oxygen concentrator (read or
draw schematic diagram, use datasheet, service and operational
manuals)
b. Test and adjust repaired oxygen concentrator using appropriate
testing instrument (pressure gauge…)
V. Lab V
a. Troubleshooting and repair faulty dental unit (read or draw
schematic diagram, use datasheet, service and operational
manuals)
b. Test and adjust repaired dental unit using appropriate testing
instrument (flow meter…)
VI. Lab VI
a. Troubleshooting and repair faulty anesthesia machine (read or
draw schematic diagram, use datasheet, service and operational
manuals)
b. Test and adjust repaired anesthesia machine using appropriate
testing instrument
VII. Lab VII
a. Troubleshooting and repair faulty ventilators (read or draw
schematic diagram, use datasheet, service and operational
manuals)
b. Test and adjust repaired ventilators using appropriate testing
instrument (oxygen sensor…)
VIII. Lab VIII
a. Troubleshooting and repair of faulty chemistry machine/
hematology
b. Test and adjust repaired chemistry machine/ hematology
Pre-requisites BMEg 3151: Bioinstrumentation I

BMEg 3152: Bioinstrumentation I Lab
Co-requisites BMEg 3153: Bioinstrumentation II
Semester VI
Methods
Assessment/Evaluation Lab Reports ----------------------------------60%
& Grading System Attendance & Class activities -------------20%
Practical Exam-------------------------------20%
Requirements
Equipment.
World Health
240
Module Elective
ECTS 5
Course objectives and At the end of the course, the student will be enable to
competencies to be acquired  Know techniques of modeling
 Apply their knowledge of modeling to various
physiological systems
 Understand various soft computing techniques
 Apply soft computing techniques for biomedical system
modeling and controlling purpose
Course description The course contains two sections. The first section presents
approaches to modeling, the technique of mathematical
modeling, classification of models, characteristics of models
and purpose of physiological modeling. The second section the
concepts of advanced soft computing techniques such as neural
network, fuzzy logic, optimization techniques, etc. and their
application for biomedical engineering systems.
Course contents Section 1: Physiological modeling

UNIT I
Approaches to modeling: The technique of mathematical
modeling, classification of models, characteristics of models.
Purpose of physiological modeling and signal analysis,
linearization of nonlinear models. Time invariant and time
varying systems for physiological modeling.
UNIT II
Nonparametric modeling: Volterra models. Wiener models. Efficient

volterra kernel estimation Analysis of estimation errors. Parametric
modeling: Basic parametric model forms and Estimation procedures.
Volterra kernels of nonlinear differential equations. Discrete-time volterra
kernels of NARMAX models. From Volterra kernel measurements to
Parametric models. Equivalence between continuous and Discrete -
parametric models.
UNIT III
Equivalent circuit model: Electromotive, resistive and capacitive

properties of cell membrane, change in membrane potential with distance,
voltage clamp experiment and Hodgkin and Huxley’s model of action
potential, the voltage dependent membrane constant and simulation of the
model, model for strength-duration curve, model of the whole neuron.
Huxley model of isotonic muscle contraction, modeling of EMG, motor
unit firing: amplitude measurement, motor unit & frequency analysis.
UNIT IV
Physiological modeling: Electrical analog of blood vessels, model of

systematic blood flow, model of coronary circulation,
241
transfer of solutes between physiological compartments by fluid
flow, counter current model of urine formation, model of Henle's
loop, and Linearized model of the immune response: Germ, Plasma
cell, Antibody, system equation and stability criteria.
UNIT V
Electrical circuit model of oxygenation. A model of immune
response to disease (Block Diagram). Modeling of multi input/multi
output systems: The Two-input case. Application s of Two-input
modeling to physiological systems. The Multiinput case
spatiotemporal and spectrotemporal modeling.
TEXT BOOKS
1. Michel C Khoo, Physiological Control Systems - Analysis,

simulation and estimation, Prentice Hall of India, 2001.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. David T. Westwick, Robert E. Kearney, Identification of

Nonlinear Physiological Systems, Wiley-IEEE Press,
2003.
Section 2: Soft computing techniques
UNIT I
Fuzzy Sets – Basic Definition and Terminology – Set-theoretic
Operations – Member Function Formulation and
Parameterization – Fuzzy Rules and Fuzzy Reasoning –
Extension Principle and Fuzzy Relations – Fuzzy If-Then
Rules – Fuzzy Reasoning – Fuzzy Inference Systems –
Mamdani Fuzzy Models – Sugeno Fuzzy Models – Input Space
Partitioning and Fuzzy Modeling.
UNIT II
Optimization - Derivative-based Optimization – Descent
Methods – The Method of Steepest Descent – Classical
Newton’s Method – Step Size Determination – Derivative-free
Optimization – Genetic Algorithms – Simulated Annealing –
Random Search – Downhill Simplex Search.
UNIT III
Introduction to Neural Networks - Supervised Learning Neural
Networks – Perceptrons - Adaline – Backpropagation
MutilayerPerceptrons – Radial Basis Function Networks –
Unsupervised Learning Neural Networks – Competitive
Learning Networks – Kohonen Self-Organizing Networks –
Learning Vector Quantization – Hebbian Learning.
UNIT IV
Adaptive networks based Fuzzy interface systems -
Classification and Regression Trees - Data clustering
242
algorithms - Rule based structure identification - Neuro-Fuzzy
controls - Simulated annealing – Evolutionary computation.
UNIT V
Applications: Pattern Recognitions, Image Processing,
Biological Sequence Alignment and Drug Design, Robotics
and Sensors, Information Retrieval Systems, Natural Language
Processing
TEXT BOOKS
1. S.Rajasekaran and G.A.V.Pai, “Neural Networks, Fuzzy
Logic and Genetic Algorithms”, PHI, 2003. (UNIT I.
III, IV, V)
2. Davis E.Goldberg, “Genetic Algorithms: Search,
Optimization and Machine Learning”, Addison
Wesley, N.Y., 1989.(UNIT II)
REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Timothy J.Ross, “Fuzzy Logic with Engineering
Applications”, McGraw-Hill, 1997.
2. J.S.R.Jang, C.T.Sun and E.Mizutani, “Neuro-Fuzzy and
Soft Computing”, PHI, 2004, Pearson Education 2004.
3. R.Eberhart, P.Simpson and R.Dobbins, “Computational
Intelligence - PC Tools”, AP Professional, Boston,
1996.
Pre-requests Human physiology (BMEG2172),
Applied mathematics III (Math2061),
Computational methods (ECEG2063)
Semester II
Status of the course Elective
Teaching and learning Lectures supported by tutorials ,simulations, assignments,
Methods individual study, and projects.
243
Gondar University
Course title Advanced medical image processing
Degree program BSc. In Biomedical Engineering
Module Elective
ECTS 5
competencies to be acquired  Know various medical image analysis techniques
244
 Apply their knowledge of medical image analysis to
develop specific segmentation/classification/ clustering,
edge detection, registration, object recognition algorithms
for specific given problems.
 Implement their algorithms with mat lab
Course description The course presents various concepts of advanced medical
image processing techniques and their applications in areas of
medical image registration, enhancement,
segmentation/classification or lustering, pattern recognition,
edge detection.
Introduction - Driving problems in biomedical imaging -
Sources of imaging data: acquisition and noise - Elementary
image processing - Grenander’s Pattern Theory
UNIT II
Edge detection and active snakes - Intensity-driven methods:
expectation-minimization, Markov random fields - Graph cut
algorithms for image segmentation - Shape-driven methods:
active shape/appearance models, problems of correspondence -
Level set methods - Skeletonization and medial methods
UNIT III
Hands-on introduction to Image registration - Geometric
mappings - Numerical methods and optimization in registration
- Parametric deformable registration - Non-parametric
deformable registration - Image match metrics in registration –
Applications.
UNIT IV
Introduction to functional Neuroimaging - Hypothesis testing
and statistical mapping; permutation tests - Cortical surface
segmentation and flattening - Diffusion tensor imaging
UNIT V
Biomedical image analysis using MATLAB – Image
registration – unaided and Interactive – Segmentation – Edge
245
detection – Real time imaging applications
TEXT BOOKS
1. John.L.Semmlow, Biomedical signal and Biomedical
Image Processing – MATLAB based applications,
Marcel Dekker Inc., 2004. (UNIT V)
2. Rangaraj M. Rangayyan, Biomedical Image Analysis,
CRC press (UNIT I to IV)
Pre-requests Digital image processing (BMEG4213)

Semester II
246
Gondar University
Course title Artificial organs and Rehabilitation Engineering
Module Elective
ECTS 5
competencies to be acquired  Be familiar with the basic concepts of artificial organs and
rehabilitation engineering
 Know the principles of operation and design concept of
various artificial organs and biomaterials such as artificial
kidney, artificial heart lung machines etc.
 Apply their knowledge to analyze the bio compatibility of
different biomaterials with the body
Course description Basic concepts of artificial organs and rehabilitation
engineering; Principles of operation and design concept of
various artificial organs and biomaterials such as artificial
kidney, artificial heart lung machines etc.; bio compatibility of
different biomaterials with the body
Introduction to artificial organs: Biomaterials used in artificial
organs and prostheses, inflammation, rejection, correction.
Rheological properties of blood, blood viscosity variation:
effect of shear rate, hematocrit, temperature and protein
contents. Casson equation, flow properties of blood through
247
the blood vessels, problems associated with extracorporeal
blood flow.
UNIT II
Artificial kidney: Brief of kidney filtration, basic methods of
artificial waste removal, hemodialysis, equation for artificial
kidney and middle molecule hypothesis. Hemodialysers: flat
plate type, coil type and hollow fiber. Analysis of mass transfer
in dialyers (cross current &cocurrent flow), regeneration of
dialysate, membrane configuration, wearable artificial kidney
machine, separation of antigens from blood in ESRD patients.
UNIT III
Artificial heart-lung machine: Brief of lungs gaseous exchange
/ transport, artificial heart-lung devices. Oxygenators: bubble,
248
film oxygenators and membrane oxygenators. Gas flow rate and
area for membrane oxygenators. Liver support system, artificial
pancreas, blood and skin.
UNIT IV
Audiometry: air conduction, bone conduction, masking,
functional diagram of an audiometer. Hearing aids: different types,
receiver amplifiers. Opthalmoscope, retinoscope, I.A.B.P principle
and application.
UNIT V
Rehabilitation Engineering: Impairments, disabilities and
handicaps, Measurement and assessment. Characterizing
engineering concepts in sensory and motor rehabilitation.
Engineering concept in communication disorders. Rehabs for
locomotion, visual, speech & hearing. Artificial limb and hands,
prosthetic heart valves. Externally powered and controlled orthotics
and prosthetics. Myoelectric hand and arm prostheses. The marcus
intelligent hand prostheses, gait study, spinal rehabilitation
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Robbinson C.J., Rehabilitation Engineering. CRC press
1995
2. Gerald E. Miller, Artificial Organs, Morgan &Claypool
Publishers, 2006
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Bronzino. Joseph, Hand book of biomedical engineering.
CRC; 2 Sub edition, 1999
2.R.S.Khandpur,Handbookofbiomedical
instrumentation. Tata Mcgraw Hill Publishers, 1/e.
Pre-requests Biomedical instrumentation II (BMEG3222),
Biomaterials (BMEG4193)
Semester II
]
249
Gondar University
Course title Hospital engineering
250
Module Elective
ECTS 5
Course objectives and Upon completion of this course, students should be able to:
competencies to be acquired  Effectively manage hospital engineering functions.
 Analyze the financial transactions and status of a
hospital.
 Understand healthcare economics as it applies to
biomedical engineering.
Course description This course gives students skills and knowledge to manage and
innovate in the healthcare system. Students will learn basic
knowledge about hospital engineering functions including
modern hospital architecture, space distribution in hospitals,
electrical power systems in hospitals, sterilization, etc. They
will also learn to manage and evaluate installation of medical
equipment, inventory, maintenance schedule, disposal,
utilization and calibration. The economic and financial
structure of a hospital and of the larger healthcare system will
be covered.
Course contents 1. Modern hospital architecture
 space distribution in hospitals
 electrical power systems in hospitals
2. Equipment for maintaining patient health and comfort
 Sterilization
 Refrigeration
 cold room air cleansing
 heating and cooling systems
3. Cold rooms Infrastructure and design for overall
hospital functionality
 Design of operation theaters
 High security laboratory
 Laundry
251
 Kitchen Apparatuses
 Standby power systems
 Waste disposal
4. Management and safety of facilities
 Centralized supply of oxygen
 Nitrous oxide and vacuum
 Principles of production of liquid oxygen
 Working of dry oil-free compressor,
Pre-requests Healthcare technology management (BMEG4202)
Semester II
252
Gondar University
Course title Medical informatics and expert systems
Module Elective
ECTS 5
Course objectives and At the end of this course students will enable to
competencies to be acquired  Understand elements of data structure
 Under the concept of expert system
 Apply the knowledge’s of informatics and expert system
to medical/health application.
Course description/contents UNIT I
Introduction to data structures: Elements, arrays, records, sets,
tables etc. Singly and doubly linked data, stacks, queues, trees
etc. Introduction to database, data models, Relational,
distributed and other types of databases, data indexing and
structuring techniques: data independence, data definition
language and data manipulation language. E -R diagram with
examples. Relational model, structure of Relational databases,
Query language, views, Examples.
UNIT II
Relational database design: Normalisation - 1NF, 2NF and
3NF. Indexing and Hashing. Security of databases. Design
example on a popular RDBMS package. Miniaturized data
storage and retrieval system like CD-ROM, Magneto Optical
Discs, optical juke boxes, write many read many devices and
miniature magnetic tape devices. Interfacing and retrieval
details.
UNIT III
Expert systems: Introduction - basic concepts - structure of
expert systems - types of expert systems - knowledge
engineering – methods & difficulties in knowledge acquisition
– Search and real time search – constraint satisfaction – robot
motion planning.
Medical data acquisition and database systems. Visual
programming concepts; Visual Basic environment, tools and
controls; Dynamic data exchange; VB based Medical
information System
253
254
UNIT IV
Basic concepts of Multimedia; Design of Multimedia information

systems; Components of virtual reality; Virtual reality applications
in medicine. Medical Informatics and its levels; Design and
development of educational packages on medical sciences;
Integrated design concepts; Interactive multimedia, Virtual and
digital libraries; Internet and its applications.
UNIT V
Decision making methods for Biomedicine – Bayesian statistics –
decision analysis – Bayesian belief networks – Markov models –
Markov decision Process – Applications to speech recognition,
medical diagnosis. Hospital information System its design and
functional characteristics; Principles and applications of Artificial
Intelligence, Pattern Recognition, Neural Network and Fuzzy Logic
in Medicine.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. J. Van Bemmel, Mark A. Musen, Handbook of Medical
Informatics, Springer Publications (UNITS III, IV &
V)
2. Date C J, “ An introduction to Database Systems”,
Addison Wesley Publication (UNITS I, II)
REFRENCE BOOKS:
1. M F Collen, “ Hospital Computer Systems”-
2. Lee, “ Computers in Medicine”, Mc Graw Hill
3. H Dominic Covvey et al , “Computer in the practice of,
medicine”, Addison Wesley
Pre-requests Object oriented programming (ECEG3153)
Semester II
255
256
14.6 Course Profile
The conventional credit system used in higher education systems is mainly based on student contact hours in
class and laboratory sessions. A new system of credit system is introduced that takes the extra hours
a student spends for the course in addition to lectures, tutorials, and laboratory practical. In ECTS
credits are values, allocated to course units, to describe the student workload required to complete a
course including attending lectures, seminars, independent and privatestudy, preparation of
projects and examinations. In this curriculum, the ECTS equivalent of the old credit system has
been estimated and shown for each course in the course breakdown. In ECTS,one credit stands for
25-30 hours of work activity. A semester study within this system is set at 30 ECTS points (750-900
hours).
14.7 Teaching Methods for Each Course

Appropriate teaching methods for each course such as lecture, discussion, demonstration, case
study, etc, preparing well-organized theoretical sources, selecting various texts for exercises and
examples, creating different working groups, giving independent assignments, presentation of
assignment papers, projects, research findings and so on will be implemented.
14.8 Teaching Materials

Appropriate and relevant teaching materials and other resources and availability of other sources
will be included in the curriculum after conducting the curriculum workshop.
14.9 Bibliography
A list of available books, journals, periodicals, etc shall be given for each program, and the
students’ means of access to such books will be indicated after getting comments from experts in
workshop.
14.10. Course Syllabus

A course syllabus which includes more practical knowledge based on the need assessment of the
program.
257
15. Assessment Strategies
At the end of each semester, the student sits for final examinations of the courses he/she has
attended (minimum 75% for lectures and tutorials, 100% for practical exercises). A student must
pass the examinations for all the courses in addition to the Holistic Examination at the end of the
sixth semester.
15.1. Examination System

Most courses will be assessed by a combination of written and oral examinations. Reports on project
work should also be part and parcel of the assessment metrics. The design activities shall be assessed
entirely by course work and this often shall include assessment of oral presentations. According to
this curriculum, in addition to regular quizzes, home works, and assignments, the students will
undertake two major exams for most courses, the first at the middle (Mid-term Exam) and the second
at the end of each semester (Final Exam). Some senior courses may not have Mid-term Exams;
instead students will be evaluated based on project work. In addition, the students will take a holistic
examination covering all basic study modules before they leave for their internship. In the final
year, students should be required to present and defend their B.Sc. thesis work in front of
examining professors and interested audience.
258
15.2. Examination Pass-Fail Pathways
Pass Grade → OK
Fail Grade → Immediate repeat of

FX exam or part failed
(re-sit exam)
Pass Grade → OK
Fail Grade FX → Resultant Fail Grade

F
Fail Grade → Re-take course or

F failed part of course
Pass Grade → OK
Fail Grade FX Immediate repeat of

exam or part failed
(re-sit exam)
Pass Grade → OK
Fail Grade FX → Resultant Fail

Grade F
Fail Grade F → End of study
259
Fail Grade F → End of study
15.3. Grading System and ECTS Grade Transfer

*
xxx Grade ECTS Grade
Class
Corresponding Designation Class
Exam Description
Grade fixed number
Score
grade
[90,100] A+ 4.00
Very great
Distinction
[85,90) A 4.00
Excellent
Great
[80,85) A– 3.75 Distinction
First Class
+
[75,80) B 3.50
Very Good Distinction
[70,75) B 3.00
–
[65,70) B 2.75
Good
[60,65) C+ 2.50 Second Class

[50,60) C 2.00 Satisfactory
–
[45,50) C 1.75 Unsatisfactory
[40,45) D 1.00 Very Poor Lower Class
[30,40) Fx 0
Fail
< 30 F 0
260
Explanations:
1) A student who passed (i.e. ECTS grades A – E) cannot re-take an examination in order
to improve his/her grade.
2) A student who failed with grade ‘FX’ can re-take the examination once in a specially
organized re-sit examination. A re-sit examination has to be offered by the instructor in charge of
the course during the semester directly following the course, if at least one student obtained grade
FX. If the student fails the re-sit examination with grade ‘FX’, he/she will be treated as if the
course was failed with grade ‘F’.
3) A student who failed with grade ‘F’ needs to re-take the entire course at the next
opportunity it is offered. If, in the following examination he/she fails again with grade ‘F’ he/she
will not be awarded any ECTS credits for that course. Special cases will be decided upon by the
Institute’s
4) A student who passed (i.e. ECTS grades A – E) cannot re-take an examination in order to
improve his/her grade.
5) A student who failed with grade ‘FX’ can re-take the examination once in a specially
organized re-sit examination. A re-sit examination has to be offered by the instructor in charge of
the course during the semester directly following the course, if at least one student obtained grade
FX. If the student fails the re-sit examination with grade ‘FX’, he/she will be treated as if the course
was failed with grade ‘F’.
6) A student who failed with grade ‘F’ needs to re-take the entire course at the next
opportunity it is offered. If, in the following examination he/she fails again with grade ‘F’ he/she
will not be awarded any ECTS credits for that course. Special cases will be decided upon by the
Initute’s
Academic Commission. The Institute’s Academic Commission can make exceptions to this rule,
taking into consideration individual circumstances and merits of the student. The decision of the
261
College’s Academic Commission must be unanimous. If a unanimous decision cannot be reached
after two consecutive board meetings in which the case was discussed, the chairperson (Dean of the
Institute) of the commission makes the final and binding decision.
If the grade of a single course is a product of several parts (e.g. written exam, assignment reports,
presentation) that are evaluated individually (refer to respective course description), the entire
course is considered failed if the student fails any of the individually assessed parts, even if the
overall average of all parts would result into a pass mark. In such a case, only the part of the
examination which was failed needs to be repeated according to the rules and procedures for
repeating failed examinations.
For examinations evaluated by an examination committee, the arithmetic mean of the percentage
points awarded by each examination committee member, rounded to the nearest higher number, will
be used as the basis of determining the grade.
16. Resources
The department still acquiring the resources and staffs.
16.1 Staff Profile

The department still finalizing the human resources for the department. Currently the department
have Four Biomedical Engineers.
16.2 Infrastructure
Facilities like Classrooms and furniture, laboratories including language labs and IT labs, clinical
areas, (if needed), offices, libraries, computers, internet facilities and other audio-visual teaching
aids will be provided soon by the Institute of Technology.
17. Quality Assurance Mechanisms

Quality assurance can be used as an instrument to improve the system continuously,
installaccountability and enable compatibility with other higher education systems. The quality
of theprogram is assessed in terms of the instruction performance and impact of program on the
262
qualityof graduates looking for a job or further studies. The following factors help to ensure the
qualityof the education:
 In order to maintain the level of courses, course description are prepared in detail containing
course objectives, learning outcome, course outline, textbooks, references and laboratory
tasks.
 With regard to instruction performance, in line with the University policy, student
evaluations are taken into account. The feedbacks from the students are used to improve the
quality of instruction.
 Examinations are assessed by Departmental Examination Committee to verify the level of

the courses instruction.
 Industry feedback will be an integral part of the process of quality assurance. The quality of
graduates is measured with the feedback obtained from the employers and stakeholders who
are the immediate beneficiaries of the program and also the graduates who are able to rate
their own confidence in meeting the challenges they encounter after graduation.
 Alumni contacts will be established to find out feedbacks how successful the education they
had at the Department has actually been helpful and what actions to take for further
improvement on the study program.
18. Appendices
As the request of the Gondar University we (the selected members under the University) have
conducted a need assessment for Biomedical engineering personnel and training profile from:
1 .Federal ministry of health (FMOH)
2. Amhara health bureau
We have also asses the need for biomedical engineers from the following private sectors:
1. PFSA
2. Private hospital associations
3. Private medical equipment importers and distributers
263
Generally the assessment in both the federal and regional health bureaus and in the private health
provision sectors determined that still there is a significance shortage of qualified biomedical
engineering professionals at all skill levels (includes assistances, technicians, technologist and
engineers) in the country. Table 1 shows the status of currently available BME professionals and
the demand from the major health provision organizations of the country. As it is shown in table
1 the number of these BME professionals is far below the required standard staffs for all
Primary, General, Specialized and territory level referral hospitals in the country. The data that
we get from FMOH implies that currently there are only around 200 biomedical engineering
professionals in the country while the demand is very large. The demand implies that there are
around 272 primary hospitals in the country and according to the GTP II there will be 800
hospitals in 2012 E.C., while each hospital needs at least 4 biomedical engineers. Similarly the
data from AMHARA HEALTH BUREAU implies that currently there are only 21 biomedical
engineering professionals in the region while the demand implies that there are 19 hospitals in
the zones of the region which is very far beyond the required professionals.
Private sectors also have responded that they have a high demand of biomedical engineers. But
due to the absolute shortage of specialists in the country they are forced to recruiting electrical
engineers in the place of biomedical engineering position. They also recruit very few expatriate
biomedical engineers while the cost they incur is very high.
In addition the Federal ministry of health gave a positive and consolidating response (allowance)
for us to launch the BME program in Gondar University. Detail results of the need assessment is
shown below in table 1.1
264
265
Health provision
organization Available professionals Demand
Currently there are 272
primary hospitals and
according to GTPII it will be
800 in 2012 E.C. According
to the standard each hospital
needs at least 4 BME
Currently only 200 BME professionals in professionals.
FMOH the country
AMHARA Health
Bureau There are only 21 professionals in the There are 19 hospitals in the
Region region
Private hospital Absolute shortage of internal BME Very High demand. For
associations Professionals. Most of the time they example there are around 800
forced to recruit expatiators by investing private hospitals only in A.A.
more money.
Private medical Due to the shortage of BME they are Very high demand
equipment recruiting electrical engineers who can
importers, work in the place of BME position after
distributers and taking short term training.
service giving
PLSs
Table 1: Status of BME professionals in the country as obtained from the need assessment
The need for managing and maintaining of medical equipment is lagging far behind the
deployment of medical equipments and this situation is becoming very risky. Capital investment
is being wasted while quality of care suffers. Thus, more initiatives are required to develop our
own long term solution to these problems. Gondar University is dedicated to fill critical human
resource gaps of the country by launching BME programs which currently exists only at Addis
Ababa and Jimma universities.
266
As a concluding remark, the need assessment that have done so far, aspire Gondar University to
become the long term solution for the design, maintenance and management of medical
equipment in the country through training biomedical engineers.
267

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Contents Page

Since September, 2015, Biomedical engineering (BME) degree program is intended to be

2. Rationale of the program

3. Philosophy of the Program

4. Vision, Mission and Values of the program

 Leadership: provision of direction and empowering staff.

5. Aim of the program

6. Objectives of the program

6.1 General Objectives

6.2 Specific Objectives

9.Transfers and Withdrawals

10. Mode of Delivery

11. Duration of the study

13. Degree Nomenclature

14. Course Information

Category ECTS Percent

General education and supportive courses 79 24.23

Basic Electrical Engineering courses 67 20.55

Basic Medical science courses 13 3.99

Total 326 100

14.2. List of ModulesCourses

1) General Education/support module set category

Course code Course title ECTS Lec. Tut. Lab. Home

BMEG4081 Research methods and presentation 3 2 - - 3

IEng5102 Engineering Entrepreneurship 4 2 2 - 3

2) Basic electrical engineering module set category

Course Course title ECTS Lec. Tut. Lab. Home

ECEG1111 Fundamentals of Electricity and 7 2 3 3 4

ECEG2112 Electrical workshop practice 2 - - 3 1

ECEG2122 Applied electronics II 7 2 3 3 4

ECEG3131 Introduction to Electrical machines 7 2 3 3 4

ECEG4132 Digital signal processing 6 2 2 3 3

ECEG4141 Introduction to control systems 4 2 2 - 3

ECEG2151 Introduction to computer 5 2 - 3 3

ECEG3152 Digital logic design 6 2 2 3 3

ECEG3153 Object oriented programming 5 2 - 3 3

ECEG4155 Data Communication and Networking 5 3 2 - 3

ECEG5156 Microprocessor and interfacing 6 2 2 3 3

3) Basic Medical science module

ANAT2161 Human Anatomy 4 3 1 - 4

PHYL2162 Human Physiology 4 3 - 1 4

Introduction to Organic Chemistry

4) Core biomedical engineering module set category

Course code Course title ECTS Lec. Tut. Lab. Home

BMEG1171 Introduction to biomedical 5 3 2 - 4

BMEG3182 Medical Radiation Physics 4 3 - - 4

BMEG3191 Bio fluid Mechanics 4 3 - - 4

BMEG3201 Principles of therapeutic and 6 2 2 3 3

Health care technology management and

BMEG3211 Signals and systems analysis 6 3 3 - 4

BMEG3212 Biomedical signal processing 7 2 3 3 4

BMEG3221 Biomedical instrumentation I 5 2 3 4

BMEG3222 Biomedical instrumentation labI 2 - - 2 -

BMEG3242 Biomedical instrumentation lab II 2 - - 2 -

BMEG4241 Biomedical systems designing and 3 - 1 4 3

BMEG4251 Semester project 4 - - 5 3

BMEG5261 Industry Internship 30 - 20 - 30

BMEG5271 B.Sc. Thesis 12 - - 18 2

BMEG5281 Mathematical modeling for 5 2 3 - 3

BMEG5282 Advanced medical image processing 5 2 3 - 3

ECEG4154 Computer arthecture and organization 4 3 - - 4

ECEG5323 Data base management system 5 2 3 - 3

BMEG5285 Medical Informatics and expert 5 2 3 - 3