Fahaheel Al-Watanieh Indian Private School, Ahmadi, Kuwait

XII Relations and functions Assignment

1. In order that a relation R defined on a non-empty set A is a equivalence relation, it is sufficient if R
(a) is reflexive (b) is symmetric
(c) is transitive (d) possesses all the above three properties. Ans d
2. With reference to a universal set, the inclusion of a subset in another is a relation which is
(a) symmetric only (b) equivalence only (c) reflexive only (d)None of these
Ans : C
3. Let A = {1, 2, 3}. Then number of equivalence relation containing (1, 2) is
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
Ans: b
4. Let R = {(3, 3), (6, 6), (9, 9), (12, 12), (6,1 2), (3, 9), (3, 6)} be a relation on the set A = {3, 6, 9, 12}.
The relation is
(a) reflexive only (b) reflexive and transitive only
(c) reflexive and symmetric only (d) an equivalence relation
Ans: a
5. Let A = {1, 2, 3}. Then the number of relations containing (1, 2) and (2, 3) which are reflexive and
transitive but not symmetric is
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
Ans: C
6. Given the relation R = {(1, 2), (2, 3)} in the set A = {1, 2, 3}. Then the minimum number of ordered
pairs which when added to R makes it an equivalence relation is
(a) 5 (b) 6 (c) 7 (d) 8
Ans: C
7. Let R be the real line. Consider the following subsets of the plan R × R.
S = {(x, y): y = x + 1 and 0 < x < 2}
T = {(x, y): x − y is an integer} which one of the following is true?
(a) T is an equivalence relation on R but S is not
(b) Neither S nor T is an equivalence relation on R
(c) Both S and T are equivalence relation on R
(d) S is an equivalence relation on R but T is not.
Ans: A
8. Let f: R → R and g: R → R be two functions such that
fog(x) = sin x 2 and gof = sin2 x, then f(x) and g(x) are
(a)f(x) = x 2 and gof = sin x (b) f(x) = sin x and g(x) = x 2
(c) f(x) = sin2 x and g(x) = √x (d) f(x) = sin x and g(x) = √x
Ans: b
9. If f and g are two functions from R to R defined as 𝑓(𝑥) = |𝑥| + 𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 g(x) =
|x| – x, then fog (x) for x < 0 𝑖𝑠
(A) 4x (B) 2x (C) 0 (D) – 4x
Ans: d
1
10. Let f: R → R be defined by f(x) = x , ∀ x ∈ R then f is
(a) one-one (b) onto (c) bijective (d) f is not defined
Ans: d
11. Which of the following functions from Z to Z are bijections?
(a) 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 (b) 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 + 2
(c) 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 + 1 (d) 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 + 1
Ans: b
12. For real x, let f(x) = x 3 + 5x + 1. Then
(a) F is one-one but not onto in R. (b) F is onto R but not one-one in R.
 (c)F is one-one and onto in R. (d)F is neither one-one and onto in R.
Ans:C

CASE STUDY
A relation R in a set A is called:
Reflexive, if (a, a) ∈ R, for every a ∈ A.
Symmetric, if (a1 , a2 ) ∈ R, implies that (a2 , a1 ) ∈ R, for all a1 , a2 ∈ A.
Transitive, if (a1 , a2 ) ∈ R and (a2 , a3 ) ∈ R implies that (a1 , a3 ) ∈ R for all a1 , a2 , a3 ∈ A.
Based on the above information, answer the following questions.
1. If R = {(a, b): a and b work at the same place), then R is
(a) Reflexive (b) symmetric (c) transitive (d) an equivalence
relation
2. If R = {(x, y): x is father of y}, then R is
(a) Reflexive but not symmetric (b) symmetric and transitive
(c) Neither reflexive nor symmetric nor transitive (d) symmetric but not reflexive
3. Let R be the relation in the set A of all books in a library of a college given by R =
{(x, y): x and y have same number of pages}. Then, R is
(a) not Reflexive (b)not symmetric (c) not transitive (d) an equivalence
relation
4. If R = {(x, y): x is exactly 7 cm taller than y}, then R is
(a) not symmetric (b) reflexive
(c) symmetric but not transitive (d) an equivalence relation
5. The relation R in the set A = {1, 2, 3} given by R = {(1, 2), (2, 1)} is
(a) Reflexive (b) symmetric (c) transitive (d) reflexive and symmetric
Ans: d, c, d, a, b

Subjective Questions
1. Let A = {1, 2, 3, … . ,9} and R be the relation in A × A defined by
(a, b)R(c, d)if a + d = b + c for a, b, c, d ∈ A prove that R is an equivalence relation. Also
obtain the equivalence class [(2, 5)].
Ans: {(1, 4), (2, 5), (3, 6), (4, 7), (5, 8), (6, 9)}
2. Consider f: R + → [−5, ∞) given by f(x) = 9x 2 + 6x − 5. Show that f is Bijective .
3 Let 𝐴 = {−1,0,1,2}, 𝐵 = {−4, −2,0,2} and 𝑓, 𝑔: 𝐴 → 𝐵 be functions defined by
1
f (x) = 𝑥 2 − 𝑥, 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 and 𝑔(𝑥) = 2 |𝑥 − 2| − 1, 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴. Find gof (x) and hence show that
𝑓 = 𝑔 = 𝑔𝑜𝑓
x−2
4. Let A = R − {3} and B = R − {1}. Consider the function f: A → B defined by f(x) = (x−3).
Is f one-one and onto? Justify your answer.
5. Show that the function f: R → R given by f(x) = x 3 + x is bijective.
1 1 x
6.Check whether a function f: R → [− 2 , 2] defined by f(x) = (1+𝑥 2 ) is one-one and onto or not.
7. Prove that the function f: N → N, defined by f(x) = x 2 + x + 1 is one − one but not onto.
x
8. Show that the function f: ℝ → {x ∈ R: −1 < x < 1}defined by f(x) = 1+|x| x ∈ R, one −
one and onto function.

9. Determine whether the relation R defined on the set R of all real numbers as
𝑅 = {(a, b): a, b ∈ R and a − b + √3 ∈ S, where S is the set of all irrational numbers}
is refexive, symmetric and transitive.
10.If N denotes the set of all natural numbers and R is the relation on N×N defined by
(a,b) R (c,d) if ad(b+c) = bc(a+d). Show that R is an equivalence relation.