1
A HISTORICAL SKETCH OF
SOCIOLOGICAL THEORY:
THE EARLY YEARS
INTRODUCTION
SOCIAL FORCES IN THE DEVELOPMENT
(OF SOCIOLOGICAL THEORY
in
andthe Rise of Capitalism
10 pt on variety of theatrical performances.
tn give-and-akeappears that the Westem world has undergone a process of ibersizaton,
has dem era increasingly defined by the ina
by
tents he fake,
“Tis book is devoted to helping the reeder to beter understand these theoretical ideas,
as well a the lager theories from which they are draw.
INTRODUCTION
Presenting isory of sociological theory i animportant task S. Tuer, 198), but be
iy two chapters (and 6) oi, what we offers a highly sel
provide the reader
ven go back to the severtenth cent
the mid-1600s and the w
polity. This is not becanse
fase
SECS te) caren
zm) seh orien) re)
“fete e-)
Babe
cel 720-1851) Youn regeene Mar (88-1809) norms Hogan Henne
(econ Fae
Coser
ote he
ere (es)
AnisonCAL tETEH OF SOCIOLOGICAL THEORY THE CARLY YEARS.
‘Sestlagcal Too: The Ey Yours
FIOURE 11‘OUBTER 1: AMSTORCAL {ETEK OF SOCOLOGICAL THEORY: THE EARLYYEARS 7
‘SOCIAL FORCES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF
SOCIOLOGICAL THEORY
Political Revolutions
‘The long series of political revolution ushered in by the Freach Revolution in 1789 and
caning oer hgh the isenh century was the mos immed faterin he ie
hese revolutions on many cies
red. Homever, what atracted the at
‘ne of the major conces
Durkheim,
‘The Industrial Revolution and the Rise of Capitallam Feminism
At eas! as important s political revolution nthe sping of sociological theory was the Im one sense there bas alvays been a femin
Industrial Revolution, which swept through many Westem societies mainly in he nine: ssbortintedand thy have ben soni
teenth and early twentieth18 PARTONE: CLASSICAL SOCIOLOGICAL THEORY
‘PTE 1s AMIETORCALSKETOH OF SOCIOLOGICALTHEORY-THEEARLY YEARS
Reiiglous Change
Social changes brought on by political
‘The Growth of Seience
theory was being developed, there was an
lege end universes tut in society as 2 whole. The
of those who favor sociology10 PARTONE: GLASSICAL SOOOLOGICAL THEORY
INTELLECTUAL FORCES AND THE RISE OF
SOCIOLOGICAL THEORY’
‘The Enlightenment
the view of many observers
other words, they
Sdman,1983:36-37). The model
cxample, was distrbed
the peace and harmony
‘of society; therefore, reason, which was so import to the
‘was sen 2 inferior to traditional
he M
iets.
arthermor
of socal ie,
lghteament philosophers,
Inthe42 PARTONE. CLASSEA. SOCIOLOGICAL THEORY
they disliked upheaval and sous
® ‘Society was seen as having an existence ofits own Wi
faws of development and deep root inthe past.
clement
relat
‘more than
“The part of society were seen as
18 There was a tendency t sce various modem soci
tion, urbanization, and horeaeratization, as having disorganizing These
fd there was an emphasis on developing
sociological
(empiricism, for example) were also
ciple. There is 2 very song:
‘bitter debate developed between them that ed to th
inthe natural sciences. On the radical side,
especially the centralized planning of the economic system. But Sain
xing, fortho0
(especially Herbert Spencer and Emile Durkheim). And he believed thatthe stay of14 PARTOne: Assch. S0CIOLORCAL THEORY GUPTER 1: AHSTORCALO