IDENTIFYING THE

TOPIC OF INQUIRY
AND STATING THE
PROBLEM
 SOURCES OF
PROBLEMS FOR
QUANTITATIVE
RESEARCH
FACTORS IN JUDGING THE
QUALITY OF A RESEARCH
PAPER
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Personal Interest
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and Experiences
To identify
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dolore interest, one must reflect and be
critical about prior experience. For example, the problem
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of plastic
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quis nostrudin many landfill sites in the
Philippines.
exercitation Tolaboris
ullamco address
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aliquipa researcher may invent
ex ea commodo consequat. materials that can replace plastics or
environment-friendly
may discover bacteria that can facilitate the
decomposition of plastics.
 Theory Application

Well-established scientific theories may be

considered in narrowing down a broad topic of
interest. Relevant theory may be identified,
contextualized, and applied to specify the topic.
Propositions that comprise the theory and that are
relatedto the topic of interest can be extracted and
tested in the context of the problem.
 Research Replication

Another good source of a research problem is the

replication of a previously conducted study.
Addressing the limited scope of a previous study
widens the generalizability of the study. Moreover,
working on the major limitations of another study
increases the validity of the present study.
5 Good Reasons to replicate a
previous study
a. To verify the findings of a pioneering study.
b. To validate the findings using different subjects or
participants.
c. To establish trends or changes in research facts over
time.
d. To employ a modified or a different methodology to
elicit similar results.
e. To design interventions or create more effective
solutions to problem.
 Research Gaps
Research gaps are areas in the large sphere of
research literature that art less studied or those
where research findings are seemingly
contradicting. If only a few studies were done in
a given research area, deeper relationships
among the variables might be explored and
discovered.
CHARACTERISTICS
OF A GOOD
RESEARCH TOPIC
BeNoFIT-C
The topic must benefit the research community.

The topic must be novel.

The topic must be free of ethical or moral impediments.

The topic must be of interest to the researcher.

 The topic must be time-bound.

The topic must be of complex methodology.

 WRITING A
GOOD RESEARCH
TITLE
ELEMENTS TO
CONSIDER
IN WRITING RESEARCH TITLE
AIM- refers to the purpose of
the study and explain why the
study needs to be conducted

TOPIC- highlights the subject

matter

PLACE- indicates the locale of

the study
POPULATION OR RESPONDENTS- indicates from
whom the data will be collected

The title must be clear, concise,

and comprehensive. It must
include the important variables
being studied, as well as their
relationship. The title must also be
unique so that the researcher can
claim ownership of it.
 Some phrases such as "A study of... "An analysis of...."
"A comparison of...." "An investigation of..." and "An
inquiry into...." may be dropped from the title because
all research investigations delve into the activities
implied by these phrases. Moreover, writing the study
site or research locale in the title makes the latter too
specific. Therefore, it is recommended that these
items be placed in the Methods section of the
research write-up.
 ORIGINAL TITLE IMPROVED VERSION

A study of the relationship of

the factors affecting the Factors affecting the number of
number of fish species in a fish species in a mangrove
mangrove

Peer-related influence on
Smoking behavior of senior high
smoking behavior of senior high
school students
school students

The effect of adding used Used cooking oil additive in

cooking oil in making candles candle making
INITIAL CHAPTER OF A
RESEARCH PRPOSAL
Before doing a research investigation, a researcher
writes a research proposal.

Research proposal is similar to a study plan that

contains the context, theorical underpinnings, and
methods of the study.
 Parts of Chapter 1 of a research proposal or research
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
report

CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study
Statement of the Problem
Significance of the Study
Scope and Limitations
Assumptioms (Optional)
BACKGROUND OF
THE STUDY
-establishes the context underlying the research, why you need to
conduct a study

-contains essential elements, provides the context of the research

topic, the central thesis, a brief study description, and the general
significance of the research

-must provide justification on the need to conduct the study

-should provide a brief discussion of the marked significance of the

research and, perhaps, the major implications of the findings of the
study
STATEMENT OF THE
PROBLEM
-the heart of the research

-suggest the goal, purpose, or direction of a scientific

investigation

-can be stated as a statement or as a question

Problems in Statement Form
The purpose of this research is to identify the human-
related causes of global warming.
This research investigates the relationship between the
amount of applied fertilizer in grams and the growth of
plants in centimeters.
Problems in Question Form
What are the human-related causes of global warming?
What is the relationship between the amount of the
opplied fertilizer in grams and the growth of plants in
centimeters?
-is the core of the research study
-composed of the general problem and the specific
questions. The general problem is a restatement of the
research title, including some details relevant to the study
Research Title: Enhancing students problem-solving skills in physics
through canned lessons

General Problem:
This study aims to enhance the problem-solving skills of senior high
school students in physics at the Philippine Normal University Institute
of Teaching and Learning for the school year 2016-2017 using canned
lessons.
The specific research questions, often referred to as research
questions, must be written in quantifiable terms. When
answered, these specific problems satisfy the general
problem. They may also imply necessary steps to address and
answer the main problem.
Specific Questions:
Specifically, the study seeks to answer the following questions:

1. What are the protest and posttest scares of the students in the control
and experimental groups in the physics problem-solving examination?
2. What is the test gain of students in the control and experimental groups?
3. Is there a significant difference between the test gains of the students in
the control group and those of the students in the experimental group?
 SCOPE AND LIMITATION
-The scope of the study also known as the delimitation of
the study, specifies the coverage of the study in terms of
the research setting, the participants or the subjects, the
instruments used, and the depth of data analysis
-The limitations are the perceived flaws of the study.
-Honestly stating these limitations implies that the
researcher knows the study very well, thus increasing his or
her credibility.
ASSUMPTIONS
-are important facts or procedures that are presumed
to be true, despite their not having been verified.
One can state the ff assumptions:
The results of the problem-solving skills test in physics
are true skills of the students.
The instruments used are sensetive enough to register
the differences in the measurements of the variables.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
-How will the people benefit from this study?

-is based on the study's contribution to the advancement of the body

of knowledge where the research can be classified.

-In writing the significance of the study for a practical research

investigation, one must revisit the purpose of the study as presented
in the statement of the problem.

-This section can be presented from general to specific and typically

answer the question "Who will benefit from this study?"
THANK YOU FOR
LISTENING!