(Part – B)

Guidelines and Assessment Manual

for

Micro Projects
Report

(“I” Scheme Curriculum)

Computer Engineering Programme

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 PART B - Micro-project Report
Title of Micro- Project
IMPLEMENTATION OF ERROR DETECTION AND
CORRECTION TECHNIQUES

1.0 Rational
 A group of Database Management System usually containing SQL And PL/SQL
to each other and made available online by an individual, company, educational
institution, government, or organization, and more.
 For successful data communication, to use certain techniques for data
communication & require at least two devices or two machines, one is sender
another one is received. They require a great deal of coordination between
these two devices or machines for reliable and efficient data communication.
During data communication, because of attenuation, distortion, noise
interferences some errors will occur and this will lead to corruption of some
of the bits. The transmission media are noisy, the probability of single bit
error will be more and when sending data in the form of a frame. The size of
the frame will also detect and decide the probability of error of a frame.
 Source Trace is collaborating with Small Farmers Agri-business consortium
(SFACH) and Karnataka Horticulture Department, deploying its digital solutions
to support the horticulture farmers of India.
 Karnataka Agriculture Department is committed to providing a responsive and
effective mechanism for the welfare of farmers and farm-based communities and
recognizes the need to harness the growing power of Information Technologies for
the betterment of life of the farmers and management of Farmer Producer
Organizations (FPOs) in Haryana.
 To deploy its digital solution, Source Trace is in the process of creating 100,000
farmer profiles. The system was developed using technologies such as, HTML,
CSS, JS and MySQL. PYTHON- FLASK, HTML and CSS are used to build the
user interface and database was built using MySQL.

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  The system is free of errors and very efficient and less time consuming due to the
care taken to develop it. All the phases of software development cycle are
employed, and it is worthwhile to state that the system is very robust. Provision is
made for future development in the system.

2.0 Aims of the Micro-project

This Micro-Project aims at
1. The main aim of developing “Farm Management System Project” application is to
help farmers by providing all kinds of agriculture related information in the site.
“Farm Management System Project” is web application which helps farmers to
share best-practice farming processes.
2. It helps farmers to improve their productivity and Profitability. It enables farmers
to sell their products online and farmers can purchase tools and seeds directly from
seller. Farmers can view their profile and they can register, edit and delete data.
3. The farmers can sell their productions online and the buyer can purchase various
agricultural products online. Buyer can send purchase request to check the quality
of the Agro product through mails.
4. And through various teaching learning experience.

3.0 Course Outcomes Addressed

a) Create and Manage database using SQL command.
b) Able to write PL/SQL code for given database.
c) Apply security and confidentiality on given database.

4.0 Literature Review

1. HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language HTML Tutorial
(w3schools.com). It is a standard markup language for web page creation. It
allows the creation and structure of section, paragraphs, and links using HTML
elements (the building blocks of a web page) such as tags and attributes.
www.tutorialspoint.com/html/index.htm , www.hostinger.in/tutorials/what-is-html

2. Whenever a message is transmitted, it may get scrambled by noise or data may get
corrupted. To avoid this, we use error-detecting codes which are additional data
added to a given digital message to help us detect if any error has occurred during
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 transmission of the message. Basic approach used for error detection is the use of
redundancy bits, where additional bits are added to facilitate detection of errors.
Some popular techniques for error detection are: 1. Simple Parity check Blocks of
data from the source are subjected to a check bit or parity bit generator form,
where a parity of : • 1 is added to the block if it contains odd number of 1’s, and •
0 is added if it contains even number of 1’s This scheme makes the total number
of 1’s even, that is why it is called even parity checking. 2. Two-dimensional
Parity check Parity check bits are calculated for each row, which is equivalent to a
simple parity check bit. Parity check bits are also calculated for all columns, then
both are sent along with the data. At the receiving end these are compared with the
parity bits calculated on the received data.
3. 3. Checksum • In checksum error detection scheme, the data is divided into k
segments each of m bits. • In the sender’s end the segments are added using 1’s
complement arithmetic to get the sum. The sum is complemented to get the
checksum. • The checksum segment is sent along with the data segments. • At the
receiver’s end, all received segments are added using 1’s complement arithmetic
to get the sum. The sum is complemented. • If the result is zero, the received data
is accepted; otherwise discarded. 4. Cyclic redundancy check • Unlike checksum
scheme, which is based on addition, CRC is based on binary division. • In CRC, a
sequence of redundant bits, called cyclic redundancy check bits, are appended to
the end of data unit so that the resulting data unit becomes exactly divisible by a
second, predetermined binary number. • At the destination, the incoming data unit
is divided by the same number. If at this step there is no remainder, the data unit is
assumed to be correct and is therefore accepted. • A remainder indicates that the
data unit has been damaged in transit and therefore must be rejected.

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 Why error detection and correction is required? The central concept in detecting or
correcting errors is redundancy. To be able to detect or correct errors, we need to
send some extra bits with our data. These redundant bits are added by the sender
and removed by the receiver. Their presence allows the receiver to detect or
correct corrupted bits.

PROPOSED SYSTEM
The farmers can sell their productions online and the buyer can purchase various
agricultural products online. Buyer can send purchase request to check the quality of
the product. After collecting all the farm produce from the farmers, it should be sold
to the customers. This project covers these entries and the data collections. There are 2
types of users: Customer & Farmers. The login id and password must be required to
login the system. The article and agro products section help farmers to share their
products and increase profitability.

5.0 Actual Methodology Followed

1. We have discussed with team members and guide about proposed title then we
have done collecting required information for this project.
2. After that we have worked for collecting required materials and tools from
websites, books and we can refer computer from collage and notes. Then the
system was developed using technologies such as, HTML, CSS, JS and MySQL.
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 PYTHON- FLASK, HTML and CSS are used to build the user interface and
database was built using MySQL.
3. Then we can go for printing work of the micro project after that we have done for
submission work of the project.
4. We have used idea pad LAPTOP-L84NS6E5, 11th Gen Intel(R) Core (TM) i5
WITH INBUILT WINDOWS 11 Operating system of @ 3.20GHz INTEL
Pentium Core processor with i5 technology computer (PC). Lenovo desktops and
all-in-one PCs are designed with innovative technology and the latest features.
Windows Configuration: - Windows 11 Home Single Language
5. Then we have done collecting required information from many websites and
YouTube.
6. We have worked on Visual Studio Code Software for creating a website on E-
commerce Gaming Component shopping.
7. We have done input the code in Visual studio code and get the output as we were
expecting.
8. Then we have done printing work of the project after that we have go for
submission work of the project.

1. Source Code of CSS, PHP & SQL: -

6.0 Actual Resources Used

Sr. No Name of Specifications Quantity Remark

Resource/material
1 REFERENCES
www.w3schools.in/dbms --
HTML Tutorial (w3schools.com)
www.hostinger.in/tutorials/what-is-css
https://www.youtube.com 07
https://www.google.com
http://www.getbootstrap.co
www.w3schools.com/css/default.asp

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 etc.….
INBUILT XAMPP SERVER, GOOGLE --
2 05
SOFTWARE CHROME, ORACLE 10 g, SQL
server, BROWSER
OFFICE --
3 SOFTWARE MS WORD OFFICE 2021, Visual 01
PACKAGE Studio Code
Device name – idea pad LAPTOP- --
COMPUTER
4 L84NS6E5, Processor - 11th Gen 01
SYSTEM
Intel(R) Core (TM) i5, Installed RAM
- 8.00 GB
5 --
Edition Windows 11 Home Single Language 01

7.0 Outputs of the Micro-Project

8.0 Applications of this Micro-Project


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  Error detection codes − are used to detect the errors present in the received data bitstream.
These codes contain some bits, which are included appended to the original bit stream.
These codes detect the error, if it is occurred during transmission of the original data
bitstream. Example − Parity code, Hamming code. Error correction codes are used to correct
the errors present in the received data bitstream so that, we will get the original data. Error
correction codes also use the similar strategy of error detection codes. Example − Hamming
code.The main objective of the project is to design and develop a user-friendly system
 Easy to use and an efficient computerized system.
 To develop an accurate and flexible system, it will eliminate data redundancy.
 To study the functioning of Farm management System.
 To make a software fast in processing, with good user interface.
 To make software with good user interface so that user can change it and it should be
used for a long time without error and maintenance.
 To provide synchronized and centralized farmer and seller database.
 Computerization can be helpful as a means of saving time and money.
 To provide better Graphical User Interface (GUI).
 Less chances of information leakage.
 Provides Security to the data by using login and password method.
 To provide immediate storage and retrieval of data and information.
 Improving arrangements for farmers co-ordination.
 Reducing loss.

CONCLUSION

TO conclude, cyclic redundancy checks this type of polynomial code is which is a bit string is
represented in the form of polynomials with coefficients of 0 and 1 only. Polynomial arithmetic uses
a modulo-2 arithmetic, i.e., addition and subtraction are identical to EX-OR. It is more powerful than
the parity check and checksum error detection. The errors in communication system usually in bust
error, the parity check method is not useful in detecting the errors under such conditions. The
checksum error detection method can be used successfully in detecting such errors. In this method,
the checksum is transmitted along with every block of data byte. The project from a personal
point of view also helped us in understanding the following aspects of project development:
• The planning that goes into implementing a project.

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• The importance of proper planning and an organized methodology.
• The key element of team spirit and co-ordination in a successful project.

FUTURE ENHANCEMENT

This project aims to discuss reasons such as noise, cross-talk etc., which may help data to get
corrupted during transmission. The upper layers work on some generalized view of network
architecture and are not aware of actual hardware data processing. Hence, the upper layers expect
error-free transmission between the systems. Most of the applications would not function
expectedly if they receive erroneous data. Applications such as voice and video may not be that
affected and with some errors they may still function well.

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