POSSIBLE QUESTIONS

What is the Difference Between Diatoms and Dinoflagellates?

- Diatoms have a cell wall that comprises silica while dinoflagellates have a
cell wall that comprises cellulose. Other differences between two is the ability
to produce neurotoxins and bioluminiscence is present in Dinoflagellates, and
absent in Diatoms.

What is the Similarities Between Diatoms and Dinoflagellates?

-  They are both single-celled, eukaryotic algae. And they are types of
phytoplankton.

Why diatoms are the first major source of marine primary producers that
dinoflagellates?
- Because Diatoms are present in highest numbers compared to other
photosynthetic organisms.

Difference between luciferin and luciferase?

- Luciferin produce light, and a luciferase allows the light-producing chemical
reaction to takes place.

Are some members of dinoflagellates considered bioluminescent?

- No, some do not synthesize lucefirin. Instead, they absorb it through other
organisms, either as food or in a symbiotic relationship.

Is dinoflagellates harmful or beneficial?

-Dinoflagellates can cause harm to people and animals by making toxins or
growing too dense. And also it can beneficial to corals such as Symbiodinium,
they are vital to the ecology of coral reef systems.
What are important facts about dinoflagellates?
- Dinoflagellates are single-cell organisms that can be found in streams,
rivers, and freshwater ponds. But, 90% of all dinoflagellates are found living in
the ocean.

How do the zooxanthellea or Symbiodinium and corals benefits each

other?
- Zooxanthellea help the coral survive by providing it with food resulting from
photosynthesis. In turn, the coral polyps provide the zooxanthellae with a
protected environment and the nutrients they need to carry out
photosynthesis.  (carbon dioxide, nitrogenous and phosphorus wastes from
the cellular respiration of the coral's tissues).
What nutrients do corals provide for zooxanthellae?
- Most importantly, zooxanthellae supply the coral with glucose, glycerol, and
amino acids, which are the products of photosynthesis. The coral uses these
products to make proteins, fats, and carbohydrates, and produce calcium
carbonate.
Do dinoflagellates need light?
-Yes, you need to grow them on a strict light schedule, otherwise their natural
rhythms can't synchronize with the light cycle and they won't know when to
flash and when not to flash. Ideally, they should get 12 hours of light and 12
hours of darkness every 24 hours and at the same time every day. They can
grow in sunlight or artificial light as long as it's fairly bright but not too hot. As
far as temperature, (17C – 26C) .

Three simple items are important for the care of dinoflagellate 'PyroDino'
cultures:
1) Moderate Temperatures 63F to 79F (17C – 26C) 
2) Moderate Light (no direct sunlight - low light is better than bright light)
3) Moderate Feeding (you can overfeed PyroDinos)

What happen to dinoflagellates without light?

- Without light, dinoflagellates probably staves to death since they are
photosynthetic and needs light to live.
How dinoflagellates store food?
- As most of the dinoflagellates are photosynthetic, they store food in the form
of starch, starch-like compunds, or oils. They store food with the help of
pigmented plastids, which are yellow or brown in color.
The purpose of Gonyaulax grow in long chains, especially when faced
with turbulent water conditions
- These chains allow for clustering of organisms for increased mating, and
protection of weakly swimming organisms that could otherwise be washed
away.
Can red tide be controlled?
- Red tides vary greatly in size – expanding as far as 10,000 square miles –
and can be present from the surface of the water to the seafloor.
Presently, there is no practical and acceptable way to control or kill red tide
blooms.
Example of freshwater dinoflagellates?
- Peridinium willie
Difference between algal blooms and red tide?
- Algal bloom refers to the excess growth of algae especially blue green algae
in polluted water. Red tide refers to the red colour imparted to the sea water
by the rapid multiplication of dinoflagellates like Gonyaulax.

How do you stop dinoflagellates from blooming?