T5 16-17 [137 marks]

1. [1 mark]

Markscheme
B

2. [1 mark]

Markscheme
C

3. [1 mark]

Markscheme
A

4. [1 mark]

Markscheme
A

5. [1 mark]

Markscheme
C

6. [1 mark]

Markscheme
C
7. [1 mark]

Markscheme
A

8. [1 mark]

Markscheme
D

9. [1 mark]

Markscheme
B

10. [1 mark]

Markscheme
C

11. [1 mark]

Markscheme
A

12. [1 mark]

Markscheme
C

13. [1 mark]

Markscheme
C
14. [1 mark]

Markscheme
D

15. [1 mark]

Markscheme
A

16. [1 mark]

Markscheme
C

17. [1 mark]

Markscheme
B

18. [1 mark]

Markscheme
C

19. [1 mark]

Markscheme
A

20. [1 mark]

Markscheme
D
21. [1 mark]

Markscheme
B

22. [1 mark]

Markscheme
A

23. [1 mark]

Markscheme
C

24. [1 mark]

Markscheme
B

25. [1 mark]

Markscheme
B

26. [1 mark]

Markscheme
A

27. [1 mark]

Markscheme
A
28. [1 mark]

Markscheme
B

29a. [4 marks]

Markscheme
(i)
≪ Eel= ≫ 12 mv2 + mgh
OR
«Eel=»EP+EK
1
≪ Eel= ≫ 2
× 55 × 0.902 +55 × 9.8 × 1.2
OR
669 J
«Eel = 669 ≈ 670J»
Award [1 max] for use of g=10Nkg –1, gives 682 J.
(ii)
1
2
× 55 × v2 = 670J

v =≪ √ 2×55670 = ≫ 4.9ms−1

If 682J used, answer is 5.0ms –1.

29b. [3 marks]

Markscheme
(i)
no force/friction on the block, hence constant motion/velocity/speed
(ii)
force acts on block OR gravity/component of weight pulls down slope
velocity/speed decreases OR it is slowing down OR it decelerates
Do not allow a bald statement of “N2” or “F = ma” for MP1.
Treat references to energy as neutral.
29c. [2 marks]

Markscheme
straight line through origin for at least one-third of the total length of time axis covered by
candidate line
followed by curve with decreasing positive gradient

Ignore any attempt to include motion before A.

Gradient of curve must always be less than that of straight line.

29d. [2 marks]

Markscheme
Δp 55×4.9
F ≪= Δt
≫= 0.42
F=642≈640N
Allow ECF from (a)(ii).

29e. [2 marks]

Markscheme
«energy supplied by motor =» 120 × 6.8 × 1.5 or 1224 J
OR
«power supplied by motor =» 120 × 6.8 or 816 W
e = 0.55 or 0.547 or 55% or 54.7%
Allow ECF from earlier results.

30a. [1 mark]

Markscheme
infinite resistance OR draws no current from circuit/component OR has no effect on the
circuit
Do not allow “very high resistance”.
30b. [3 marks]

Markscheme
(i)
«vertical intercept = emf» = 8.8 − 9.2 V
(ii)
attempt to evaluate gradient of graph
=0.80Ω
Accept other methods leading to correct answer, eg using individual data points from graph.
Allow a range of 0.78 – 0.82 Ω.
If ε = I(R + r) is used then the origin of the value for R must be clear.

30c. [1 mark]

Markscheme
3.5=2.4×1028×π(1.2×10−3)2×1.6×10−19×v«⇒v=2.0×10−4ms−1»

30d. [2 marks]

Markscheme
F = «qvB =1.6×10–19 ×2.0×10–4 ×0.25 =»8.1×10 –24 N
directed down OR south

31a. [2 marks]

Markscheme
ALTERNATIVE 1
correct application of Kirchhoff to at least one loop
E=«4.0×2.0=»8.0V
FOR EXAMPLE
12 = 2.0I1 + 4.0I2 for top loop with loop anticlockwise
«but I2 = I1 as I3 = 0»
«E =» 8.0 V
ALTERNATIVE 2
«recognition that situation is simple potential divider arrangement»
pd across 4Ω resistor = 12×4
(2+4)
=8V
Award [0] for any answer that begins with the treatment as parallel resistors.
31b. [3 marks]

Markscheme
(i)
ALTERNATIVE 1
equating electric to magnetic force qE=qvB
substituting E = V
L

«to get given result»

ALTERNATIVE 2
V = workdone
Q
AND work done = force × distance
work done = qv=Bqv×L
«to get given result»
(ii)
some mark indicating lower surface of conductor
OR
indication that positive charge accumulates at top of conductor
Do not allow negative or positive at top and bottom.

32a. [3 marks]

Markscheme
i
RT decreases with increasing I
OR
RT and I are negatively correlated
Must see reference to direction of change of current in first alternative.
Do not allow “inverse proportionality”.
May be worth noting any marks on graph relating to 7bii

ii
at 0.4 A: VR > VT or VR= 5.6 V and VT = 5.3 V
Award [0] for a bald correct answer without deduction or with incorrect reasoning.
Ignore any references to graph gradients.
so RR >RT because V = IR / V∝ R «and I same for both»
Both elements must be present for MP2 to be awarded.
32b. [3 marks]

Markscheme
i
decreases
OR
becomes zero at X

ii
realization that V is the same for R and T
OR
identifies that currents are 0.14 A and 0.06 A
Award [0] if pds 2.8 V and 3.7 V or 1.4 V and 2.6V are used in any way. Otherwise award
[1 max] for a bald correct answer. Explanation expected.
2 V = 2 V OR 2.0 V

33a. [1 mark]

Markscheme
direction indicated downwards, perpendicular to plates
Arrows must be between plates but allow edge effects if shown. Only one arrow is required.

33b. [2 marks]

Markscheme
E= V
d
= 55 000 «Vm–1»
B = « 55 0005 =» 0.11 «T»
5×10

ECF applies from MP1 to MP2 due to math error.

Award [2] for a bald correct answer.
33c. [2 marks]

Markscheme
ALTERNATIVE 1
magnetic force increases
OR
magnetic force becomes greater than electric force

electron beam deflects “downwards” / towards S

OR
path of beam is downwards
ALTERNATIVE 2
when v increases, the B required to maintain horizontal path decreases
«but B is constant» so path of beam is downwards
Do not apply an ecf from (a).
Award [1 max] if answer states that magnetic force decreases and therefore path is
upwards.
Ignore any statement about shape of path
Do not allow “path deviates in direction of magnetic force” without qualification.

34a. [1 mark]

Markscheme
8.5×103
I «= 240
» =35«A»

34b. [2 marks]

Markscheme
1.7×10−8×10
R=
6.0×10−6
= 0.028 «Ω»

Allow missed powers of 10 for MP1.

34c. [3 marks]

Markscheme
«as temperature increases» there is greater vibration of the metal atoms/lattice/lattice ions
OR
increased collisions of electrons

drift velocity decreases «so current decreases»

«as V constant so» R increases

Award [0] for suggestions that the speed of electrons increases so resistance decreases.

34d. [4 marks]

Markscheme
recognition that power = flow rate × cΔ T
power 8.5×103
flow rate « = » = 4200×35
cΔT
= 0.058 «kg s –1»
kg s−1 / g s −1 / l s −1 / ml s −1 / m 3 s−1

Allow MP4 if a bald flow rate unit is stated. Do not allow imperial units.

35a. [2 marks]

Markscheme
Meson: quark-antiquark pair
Baryon: 3 quarks
35b. [2 marks]

Markscheme
Alternative 1
strange quark changes «flavour» to an up quark
changes in quarks/strangeness happen only by the weak interaction

Alternative 2
Strangeness is not conserved in this decay «because the strange quark changes to an up
quark»
Strangeness is not conserved during the weak interaction

Do not allow a bald answer of weak interaction.

35c. [1 mark]

Markscheme
arrows drawn in the direction shown

Both needed for [1] mark.

35d. [1 mark]

Markscheme
W −

Do not allow W or W +.
35e. [1 mark]

Markscheme
it lowers the cost to individual nations, as the costs are shared
international co-operation leads to international understanding OR historical example of co-
operation OR co-operation always allows science to proceed
large quantities of data are produced that are more than one institution/research group can
handle co-operation allows effective analysis

Any one.

36a. [3 marks]

Markscheme
when an electric field is applied to any material «using a cell etc» it acts to accelerate any
free electrons
electrons are the charge carriers «in copper»
Accept “free/valence/delocalised electrons”.
metals/copper have many free electrons whereas insulators have few/no free
electrons/charge carriers

36b. [2 marks]

Markscheme
1.7×10−3×35×103
area = 64
«= 9.3 x 10 –6 m 2»

36c. [2 marks]

Markscheme
«resistance of cable = 2Ω»
power dissipated in cable = 730 2 x 2 «= 1.07 MW»
1.07×10−6
power loss per meter = or 30.6 «W m –1»
35×103

Allow [2] for a solution where the resistance per unit metre is calculated using resistivity
and answer to (b)(i) (resistance per unit length of cable =5.7 x 10–5 m)
36d. [2 marks]

Markscheme
30 = m x 390 x 3.5 x 10 –2
2.2 k«g»

Correct answer only.

37. [2 marks]

Markscheme
power = «352 × 0.028» = 34 «W»

Allow 35 – 36 W if unrounded figures for R or I are used.

Allow ECF from (a)(i) and (a)(ii).

38a. [2 marks]

Markscheme
1.7×10−3×35×103
area = 64
«= 9.3 x 10 –6 m 2»

radius = «√
9.3×10−6
π =» 0.00172 m

38b. [1 mark]

Markscheme
Ppeak
Ipeak «= Vpeak
» = 730 « A »
38c. [3 marks]

Markscheme
64
resistance of cable identified as « 32
=» 2 Ω
a power
35000
seen in solution
2I2
plausible answer calculated using 35000 «plausible if in range 10 W m –1 to 150 W m –1 when
quoted answers in (b)(ii) used» 31 «W m–1»

Allow [3] for a solution where the resistance per unit metre is calculated using resistivity
and answer to (a) (resistance per unit length of cable = 5.7 x 10–5 m )
Award [2 max] if 64 Ω used for resistance (answer x32).
An approach from
V2
R
or VI using 150 kV is incorrect (award [0]), however allow this approach if the pd across
the cable has been calculated (pd dropped across cable is 1.47 kV).

38d. [1 mark]

Markscheme
response to (b)(ii)
« » = 260 «A»
2√2

38e. [2 marks]

Markscheme
wires/cable attract whenever current is in same direction
charge flow/current direction in both wires is always same «but reverses every half cycle»
force varies from 0 to maximum
force is a maximum twice in each cycle

Award [1 max] if response suggests that there is repulsion between cables at any stage in
cycle.

38f. [2 marks]

Markscheme
higher voltage gives lower current
«energy losses depend on current» hence thermal/heating/power losses reduced
38g. [1 mark]

Markscheme
laminated core

Do not allow “wires are laminated”.

39a. [1 mark]

Markscheme
RA 82×8×10−3×2×10−6
«l = = »
ρ 4.1×10−5

0.032 «m»

39b. [2 marks]

Markscheme
power = 1500 × 8 × 10 –3 × 0.032 «= 0.384»

«current ≤ √ resistance = √ 0.384

power
82
»

0.068 «A»

Be aware of ECF from (a)(i)

Award [1] for 4.3 «A» where candidate has not calculated area

39c. [1 mark]

Markscheme
quantities such as resistivity depend on the material
OR
they allow the selection of the correct material
OR
they allow scientists to compare properties of materials
39d. [2 marks]

Markscheme
as area is larger and length is smaller
resistance is «very much» smaller
Award [1 max] for answers that involve a calculation

39e. [2 marks]

Markscheme
complete functional circuit with ammeter in series with resistor and voltmeter across it
potential divider arrangement correct
eg:

40a. [2 marks]

Markscheme
«v = √ =√
GM E 6.67×10−11×6.0×1024
r » 6600×103

7800 «m s –1»
Full substitution required
Must see 2+ significant figures.

40b. [1 mark]

Markscheme
Y has smaller orbit/orbital speed is greater so time period is less
Allow answer from appropriate equation
Allow converse argument for X
40c. [2 marks]

Markscheme
to stop Y from getting ahead
to remain stationary with respect to X
otherwise will add tension to cable/damage satellite/pull X out of its orbit

40d. [3 marks]

Markscheme
cable is a conductor and contains electrons
electrons/charges experience a force when moving in a magnetic field
use of a suitable hand rule to show that satellite Y becomes negative «so X becomes
positive»
Alternative 2
cable is a conductor
so current will flow by induction flow when it moves through a B field
use of a suitable hand rule to show current to right so «X becomes positive»
Marks should be awarded from either one alternative or the other.
Do not allow discussion of positive charges moving towards X

40e. [3 marks]

Markscheme
electrons would build up at satellite Y/positive charge at X
preventing further charge flow
by electrostatic repulsion
unless a complete circuit exists

40f. [2 marks]

Markscheme
«ε = Blv =» 31 x 10 –6 x 7990 x 15000
3600 «V»
Allow 3700 «V» from v = 8000 m s –1.
40g. [3 marks]

Markscheme
2 4×π2×350
use of k = « 4π 2m =»
T 5.22
510
N m–1 or kg s–2
Allow MP1 and MP2 for a bald correct answer
Allow 500
Allow N/m etc.

40h. [2 marks]

Markscheme
Ep in the cable/system transfers to Ek of Y
and back again twice in each cycle
Exclusive use of gravitational potential energy negates MP1

41a. [2 marks]

Markscheme
force per unit charge
acting on a small/test positive charge

41b. [1 mark]

Markscheme
horizontally to the left
Arrow does not need to touch X
 41c. [4 marks]

Markscheme
proton moves to the right/they move in opposite directions
force on each is initially the same
proton accelerates less than electron initially «because mass is greater»
field is stronger on right than left «as lines closer»
proton acceleration increases «as it is moving into stronger field»
OR
electron acceleration decreases «as it is moving into weaker field»
Allow ECF from (b)
Accept converse argument for electron

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