Reviewer - Complex Number

Tuesday, 21 February 2023 10:42 pm

► Complex Number - is a combination of the real and 3. Trigonometric form (r(cos θ + j sinθ))
imaginary numbers.
4. Exponential form (𝑟e± )
⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯ 
−𝑏 ± √𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
𝑥 = ⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯ 𝜋
2𝑎 𝜃 = ⎯⎯⎯
180
z- complex number
x- real part/ component
- Can be 0 ► Operation of Complex Numbers:
y- imaginary part/ component Addition and • Rectangular form
- CanNOT be 0 subtraction • Real to real - Imaginary to
imaginary
How to input it to calculator? Multiplication • Polar form
  ⎯⎯
√−1 = "i" = "j" - x+yi [usually ay mode 2] • Product magnitude; sum of
directions
► Increasing power of "i" or "j":
Division • Polar form
0 • Divide magnitude;
𝑗 =1
𝑗1 = 𝑗 difference of directions
  ⎯⎯ 2
𝑗 2 = √−1 = −1
► Nth Root of Complex Number
𝑗 3 = (𝑗 2+1 ) = 𝑗 2 ⋅ 𝑗 = −1 ⋅ 𝑗 = −1
𝜃 + 360 𝑘
𝑗4 = 𝑗 2+2 = 𝑗 2 + 𝑗 2 = (−1)(−1) = 1 (𝑟∠𝜃)⎯⎯ = (𝑟)⎯⎯∠ ⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯
𝑗5 = 𝐽̇ 𝑛
𝑗6 = −1
𝑗7 =𝑗 ► De Moivre's Theorem
𝑗8 =1 Note: Kabaliktaran ng Nth Root

(𝑟∠𝜃) = (𝑟) ∠𝑚𝜃

𝑗 = (𝑗 2 )⎯⎯
2 = ±1
► Logarithm of Complex number
𝑗 = 𝑗 ( −1) 𝑗 = ±𝑗 • Must be in Exponential form

► Forms of Complex Numbers ( )

𝑧 = 𝑟e
1. Rectangular form (z = x+jy) 𝜃 ∶ 𝑚𝑢𝑠𝑡 𝑏𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑡
𝜋
𝜃 = (𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝜃) ⎯⎯⎯
180

Formula: ln 𝑟e = ln(𝑟) + 𝑗𝜃

2. Polar or Steinmetz form (r ∠ 𝜃 )

180
𝜃 = ⎯⎯⎯
𝜋

Reviewer Page 1
Reviewer - Matrix and Determinants
Monday, 13 March 2023 10:00 am

► Matrix- a rectangular array numbers enclosed within brackets or quantity and arranged in "m" rows and "n"
columns.

Elements - each number in the matrix.

Row Matrix (row vector) - matrix having only one row. m - Rows (Pahiga)
Column Matrix (column vector) - matrix having only one column. n - Column (Patayo)

► Types of Matrix
1. Row Matrix/ Row Vector 1X4
2. Column Matrix/ Column Vector 3X 1
3. Square Matrix 3X3
► Parts of Matrix ► Operations Of Matrices
1. Diagonal entries/ 1. Sum and Difference
Elements ▪ Matrix w/ SAME SIZE
2. Product
▪ (m x p ) (p x n)
2. Lower Triangular
Matrix
3. Transpose Matrix (AT)
▪ From row to column
3. Upper Triangular ► Determinant
Matrix
2X2

4. Triangular Matrix
/ Diagonal Matrix

5. Identity Matrix 3X3

4X4 • Using PIVOTAL (note: element = 1)

5X5 • Using Laplace Development (any)

Reviewer Page 2
Reviewer - Matrix and Determinants:
Sign Conventions, Cofactor, Inverse, Determinants
Rules
Monday, 13 March 2023 10:35 am
► Cofactor Entry (SIGN CONVENTIONS) ► Determinants Rule

2X2 1. Cramer's Rule

(note: Need na naka standard Form)

3X3

(2 Unknowns )

4X4

► Cofactor Matrix
- Matrix formed by replacing each element in the
given matrix by its cofactor.
(3 Unknowns )
► Inverse Matrix
1. Cofactor of Matrix
2. Adjoint of cofactor of matric (transpose)
3. Determinant of matrix
4. Inverse of Matrix = Adjoint/ det

Easy Way using Calc:

1. Inverse
2. Determinant
3. Inverse X Det
4. Transpose the product of #4 = cofactor EXAMPLE:

Therefore:
X = -7/-7 = 1
Y = -21/-7 = 3
Z = 14/-7 = -2

Reviewer Page 3
Reviewer - Matrix and Determinants:
Gauss-Jordan Elimination
Monday, 13 March 2023 10:53 am

Calc. Technique Mode 5 - input data - equal -equal …..

2. Gauss-Jordan Elimination APPLICATION OF GAUSS

INVERSE MATRIX
Swapping of Rows 𝑅 ⇔𝑅
Multiplying non-xero 𝑅 = 𝑘𝑅
number
Adding a multiple of 𝑅 = 𝑅 + 3𝑅
one row of another

EXAMPLE:

Reviewer Page 4
Forms of Complex Number and Trigo Identities
Monday, 6 March 2023 9:47 am

Forms of complex numbers

1. Rectangular form z = x+jy
2. Polar or Steinmetz form r∠θ
3. Trigonometric form r(cos θ + j sinθ)
1. Exponential form re±

Basic Trigonometric Identities/

Pythagorean

Hyperbolic Functions of
complex Number

Double Angles

Sums and Differences of

Angles

Reviewer Page 5