LAPLACE TRANSFORM (Pierre-Simon Marquis de Laplace)

Let f be a function defined for 𝑡 ≥ 0. Then the integral

∞
𝓛{𝒇(𝒕)} = ∫ 𝒆−𝒔𝒕 𝒇(𝒕) 𝒅𝒕
𝟎
is said to be the Laplace transform of f, provided that the integral converges.

Basic Formulas:
𝒌
𝓛{𝒌} =
𝒔
15
Example: ℒ{15} =
𝑠

𝒏!
𝓛{𝒕𝒏 } =
𝒔𝒏+𝟏
3! 6
Example: ℒ{𝑡 3 } = =
𝑠 3+1 𝑠4

𝟏
𝓛{𝒆𝒂𝒕 } =
𝒔−𝒂
1 1
Example: ℒ{𝑒 −10𝑡 } = ; ℒ{𝑒 20𝑡 } =
𝑠+10 𝑠−20

𝒔
𝓛{𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝝎𝒕} =
𝒔𝟐 + 𝝎𝟐
𝑠
Example: ℒ{cos 6𝑡} =
𝑠 2 + 36

𝝎
𝓛{𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝝎𝒕} =
𝒔𝟐 + 𝝎𝟐
5
Example: ℒ{sin 5𝑡} =
𝑠2 + 25

𝒔
𝓛{𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒉 𝝎𝒕} =
𝒔𝟐 − 𝝎𝟐
𝑠
Example: ℒ{cosh 7𝑡} =
𝑠 2 − 49

𝝎
𝓛{𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒉 𝝎𝒕} =
𝒔𝟐 − 𝝎𝟐
8
Example: ℒ{sinh 8𝑡} =
𝑠 2 − 64
Properties of Laplace Transform:
1. Linearity Property
If 𝐶1 and 𝐶2 are any constant while 𝑓1 (𝑡) and 𝑓2 (𝑡) are functions with Laplace
transforms 𝐹1 (𝑠) and 𝐹2 (𝑠) respectively, then the Laplace transform of the
function 𝐶1 𝑓1 (𝑡) + 𝐶2 𝑓2 (𝑡) is 𝐶1 𝐹1 (𝑠) + 𝐶2 𝐹2 (𝑠).

Examples:
𝑓(𝑡) = 2𝑡 3 + 4𝑒 −3𝑡 − 2 sin 5𝑡 + 3 cos 2𝑡

𝑓(𝑡) = 4𝑡 7 − 12 + 5𝑒 4𝑡 − 3 sinh 7𝑡 + 6 cosh 3𝑡

ℒ{cos(𝜔𝑡 + 𝑏)}

ℒ{sin 2𝑡 − cos 2𝑡}2

2. Translation or Shifting Property
This states that if 𝐹(𝑠) is the Laplace transform of a function 𝑓(𝑡), then the
Laplace transform of 𝑒 𝑎𝑡 𝑓(𝑡) = 𝐹(𝑠 − 𝑎). S is replaced by (s-a) in the Laplace
transform of 𝑓(𝑡).
ℒ{𝑒 𝑎𝑡 𝑓(𝑡)} = ℒ{𝑓(𝑡)}𝑠→𝑠−𝑎

Examples:
ℒ{𝑡 2 𝑒 −6𝑡 )}

ℒ{𝑒 −2𝑡 (3 cosh 4𝑡 − 2 sinh 4𝑡)}

3. Multiplication by “t” Property
𝑛 𝑛
𝑑𝑛 𝐹
ℒ{𝑡 𝑓(𝑡)} = (−1)
𝑑𝑠 𝑛

Examples:
ℒ{𝑡 2 𝑒 3𝑡 }

ℒ{𝑡 3 sin 4𝑡}

4. Division by “t” Property
𝑓(𝑡) ∞
If ℒ{𝑓(𝑡)} = 𝐹(𝑠), then ℒ { } = ∫𝑠 𝐹(𝑠)𝑑𝑠
𝑡

Examples:
1 − 𝑒 −𝑡
ℒ{ }
𝑡

1 − cos 2𝑡
ℒ{ }
𝑡
Additional Examples:
ℒ{cosh 2𝑡 cos 2𝑡)}
ℒ{cos 𝑡 cos 2𝑡 cos 3𝑡}
ℒ{𝑡 𝑒 −2𝑡 cos 3𝑡}