Detailed Lesson Plan in Statistics and Probability

February 13, 2023

I. Objectives
At the end of the lesson the students will be able to:
1.Illustrate a random variable (discrete or continuous).
2. Distinguish between a discrete and continuous random variable.
3. Find possible values of a random variable.
4. Illustrate a probability distribution for a discrete random variable and its
properties.
5. Compute probabilities corresponding to a given random variable.
II. Subject Matter
` Topic: “Random Variables and Probability Distributions”
References: TG: Teacher’s Guide for Senior High School Statistics and
Probability Core Subject pages 86-94
Materials: Visual aids, calculator, laptop and LED Television
Value Focus: Rationality
PPST: Domain 4 – Curriculum and Planning
Time Frame: 1 hour

III. Learning Activities

A. Preparatory Activities

Teacher’s Activity Students’ Activity

1. Prayer
2. Checking of Attendance
3. Review

In decision making, we use statistics

although some of us may not be aware of it.
In this lesson. An inquiry could be answered
or a problem could be solved through the use
of statistics. In fact, without knowing it we
use statistics in our daily activities.

Welcome to Statistics and Probability for

Grade 11 Mathematics.

We may not notice in your daily lives, but you

are already using statistics and probability.
Let us see if you are familiar with real life
scenarios involving statistics and probability.

4. Motivation
Look at these pictures and try to identify
these real-life scenarios.

It is a lottery machine Sir.

Right! What does this do? It is use to pick numbers to win prizes.

Very good.

It is a roulette sir.

It will spin and select what prize/s you will

get.

Good, what is the function of this machine?

Very good! Thank you very much.

Those are dice sir. You will roll it and see

what number it will land on.

Very good!

A Facebook poll Sir. You will select your

choice based on the options posted on
Facebook.

This one is a survey; its function is to know a

person/s opinion by choosing the option base
on what their perception is.

These examples will be explained in our new

lesson for today.
 B. Developmental Activity

Teacher’s Activity Students’ Activity

1. Presentation

You have learned in your past lessons in junior

high school Mathematics that an experiment or
trial is any procedure or activity that can be
done repeatedly under similar conditions.

Statistics are applied in:

 Mathematics
 Economics
 Research
 Practicalities of Life

Here are the learning objectives that you will

attain after our discussion.

Please read the objectives:

At the end of the lesson the we will be able
to:
1.Illustrate a random variable (discrete or
continuous).
2. Distinguish between a discrete and
continuous random variable.
3. Find possible values of a random
variable.
4. Illustrate a probability distribution for a
discrete random variable and its
properties.
5. Compute probabilities corresponding to
a given random variable.

2. Discussion

Statistics are applied in:

 Mathematics
 Economics
 Research
 Practicalities of Life

What does this mean?

Statistics can be applied in most aspects of
our life Sir.
Very good. Most attributes in life also applies
on probability.

Sometimes we will predict a winner or loser of

a basketball game. Or you will get nervous
because you will get picked on your oral
recitation.

Based on the examples we had earlier, which

The roulette, lottery and dice Sir.
of those are examples of probability?
Very good. While on statistics? The survey and poll Sir.

Very good.

Probability is an identical to a test of chances.

Where;
Chances – Probabilities of an event

And you will expect what? Random outcomes Sir.

You are correct. You are uncertain on your

chances on any events you will be
participating. Situations may differ, you may
win or lose.

Outcome is a result of an experiment.

The chance to be picked to answer.
In drawing lots for an oral recitation, what may
be an outcome?

That is right!

While sample space are the results of all

outcomes in an experiment.
There are only 2 results; getting picked and
Base on the example earlier, what will be the not getting picked.
sample space?

Well done!

Another example:
1 out of 2 Sir.
In a coin toss, what is the
probability of getting a
head?

Good! ½ is the probability of a coin toss

because there are only two possibilities; head
and tail.
4 out of 6 Sir

In rolling a die, what is the probability of getting

a number less than 5?

4 out of 6 is the probability of getting a number

less than 5, specifically 4,3,2,1

We can simplify 4/6 which is? 2/3 Sir.

Very good!
In probability, we may be uncertain what will
be the outcome, however we may now the
possibilities of an experiment. We can quantify
what possibles chance we can get. It is called
random variable.

A random variable is a result of chance event,

that you can measure or count.

It is a numerical quantity that is assigned to the

outcome of an experiment. It is a variable that
assumes numerical values associated with the
events of an experiment.

NOTE: You use capital letters in representing

random variable (H, T, X etc.)

In the experiment of tossing coin, what is the

random variable?

Right.
The number of times the coin turns up a
In finding the value of a random variable on head is an example of random variables.
any events or experiments, these are the steps
to use:
1. Assign letters that will represent each
outcome.
2. Determine the sample space.
3. Count the number of the random
variable.
For example:
 Suppose three coins are tossed. Let X
be the random variable representing
the number of heads that will occur.
Find the vales of the random variable
X.
Step 1: X – the number of heads that will
occur.
H- head; T- tail
Step 2:

Step 3:
So, what are the possible values of random
variable X?

Another example:
Suppose two coins are tossed and we are
interested to determine the number of tails that 0,1,2 and 3; since the numbers are
will come out. Let us use T to represent the repeating, only one number is represented
number of tails that will come out. Determine of the given value.
the values of the random variable T.

What is step 1?

Step 2 will be?

Assigned letters that represent the

outcomes. In this case, H is head and T is

What are the possible values of the random

variable?

Very good!
tail

Random variable has two types: The values of the random variable are 0, 1,
 Discrete random variable has a and 2.
countable number of possible values.
What values are discrete?

The values are exact and can be

represented by nonnegative whole
 Continuous random variable- can numbers.
assume an infinite number of values in
one or more intervals.
What values are continuous?

Values are represented not only by

nonnegative whole numbers but also
Example: fractions and decimals and are often
 Number of patients per day at Ospital results of measurement.
ng Muntinlupa- Discrete
 Temperature of the covid-19 patients-
Continuous
 Number of male athletes- Discrete
 3. Application

Some examples of random variable in real life:

 Suppose there are 2 people to be
tested in Covid-19. Let X be the
random variable representing the
number of infected that occur. Find the
values of the random variable X.
Solution:

 The amount of sugar in a cup of coffee

is a continuous variable.
 The number of deaths infected by
covid-19 is a discrete variable.

4. Generalization

To sum up our lesson for today, what have you

learned from our discussion?
I learned the concept random variable
Very good. Who can give other realization?

There is are two types of random variable:

Correct. What are the steps in finding the value Discrete and Continuous.
of random variables.
1. Assign letters that will represent
each outcome.
2. Determine the sample space.
3. Count the number of the random
variable.
Do you have questions and clarifications
regarding to our topic?
None Sir.
If there’s none, prepare for a quiz.

IV. Evaluation

Teacher’s Activity Students’ Activity

Directions: On a one ½ sheet of paper,

answer the following in 10 minutes.

Given scenarios below, determine if its

continuous or discrete variable.

1. Number of pens in a box 1. Continuous

2. Number of ripe bananas in a basket 2. Continuous
3. Length of electric wires 3. Discrete
4. Voltage of car batteries 4. Discrete
5. Weight of newborn in the hospital 5. Continuous
V. Assignment

Teacher’s Activity Students’ Activity

Direction: Grace Ann wants to determine if

the formula below describes a probability
distribution. Solve the following:

Prepared by: Checked by:

VAL DARYL ANHAO LEILANIE T. ABEDEJOS

Substitute Teacher Department Head